scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Hemicellulose Films from Sugarcane Bagasse

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta da Silva Braga ◽  
Matheus Poletto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dense Structure ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Hemicellulose Content ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Hemicellulose is one of the most common polysaccharides found in nature. Its use as a green and sustainable raw material for industries is desirable. In this work, an alkaline-alcoholic method was used to extract hemicelluloses from sugarcane bagasse. After extraction, films with 2%, 3% and 4% (w/v) hemicellulose were produced. The films’ morphology, thickness, water solubility, tensile properties and thermal stability were evaluated. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results reveal that the method used removes the hemicellulose from bagasse with a low concentration of lignin. The films presented a compact and dense structure with uniformity in thickness associated with higher solubility in water. The increase in hemicellulose content increased tensile strength, but reduced the tensile strain of the films. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the increase in hemicellulose content reduced the films’ thermal stability. Thus, these films may act as useful, biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials for engineering applications.

scholarly journals IMPROVING SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION OF A NATURAL PRODUCT APIGENIN VIA PREPARATION OF SOLID DISPERSION BY HOT MELT EXTRUSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
SOFI N. STIANI ◽  
TAOFIK RUSDIANA ◽  
ANAS SUBARNAS
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Hot Melt Extrusion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Hot Melt

Objective: Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) is one of the techniques for preparing a solid dispersion hydrophilic excipient known as a no solvents practical method to increase the solubility of drugs. Apigenin (APG) has properties that thermal stable with melting point 345-350 °C but very low solubility in the water around 1,35 µg/ml. The polymer is stable in the HME method are Soluplus and Kollidon VA 64. The study aims to optimize the kind of polymer in HME formulae to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of apigenin by solid dispersion using hot-melt extrusion. Methods: Apigenin 10–50% w/w and Kollidon®VA 64 or Soluplus® and combination of Kollidon®VA 64 and Soluplus® were mixed, and the resulting blends extruded using a twin-screw extruder (Teach-Line ZK25T). Characterization of apigenin extrudates conducted using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, and dissolution. Results: Solubility studies presented enhancement in apigenin of 10%/Soluplus®90%; 10% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 (90%); and 33,3% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 33,3% mix Soluplus® 33,3% increased more than 18,25; 16,18-and 8,52-fold in water, respectively. Furthermore dissolution studies showed enhancement in apigenin percent release of 10%/Soluplus®90%; 10% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 90%; and 33,3% w/w apigenin/Kollidon®VA 64 33,3% mix Soluplus® 33,3% tablet apigenin HME up to 34,29%; 69,75% and 30,69%, respectively. Conclusion: The formulation of 10% w/w Apigenin and 90% Soluplus® using hot-melt extrusion able to increase water solubility approximately 18,25-fold than raw material apigenin.

scholarly journals Improvement of the water solubility of tolfenamic acid by new multiple-component crystals produced by mechanochemical methods

CrystEngComm ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (35) ◽  
pp. 8252-8262 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gaglioti ◽  
M. R. Chierotti ◽  
F. Grifasi ◽  
R. Gobetto ◽  
U. J. Griesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Tolfenamic Acid ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Poor Solubility ◽  
Multiple Component

Tolfenamic acid (HTA) is a drug characterized by very poor solubility in water. By mechanochemical methods, new solid-state forms of HTA were obtained, showing better thermal stability than pure HTA and an improved dissolution rate.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystal extracted from Calotropis procera biomass

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaili Song ◽  
Xiaoji Zhu ◽  
Weiming Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Suspension Stability ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

AbstractCalotropis procera fiber (CPF) is the fruit fiber of C. procera and belongs to a typical cellulosic fiber. In this study, Calotropis procera fiber (CPF) was first purified in the pretreatment process including delignification and bleaching before the isolation of cellulose nanocrystal. Chemical composition of Calotropis procera fiber was determined according to TAPPI standard method. It was composed of 64.0 wt% cellulose, 19.5 wt% hemicelluloses, and 9.7 wt% of lignin. The morphology of the Calotropis procera fiber and fiber after each pretreatment process was also investigated. Cellulose nanocrystal was extracted by classical sulfuric acid hydrolysis of the pretreated Calotropis procera fiber. TEM and SEM were used to analyze the morphologies of the obtained CNC. The crystallinity, thermal stability and suspension stability of the CNC were also investigated. The interesting results proved that this under-utilized biomass could be exploited as a new source of cellulose raw material for the production of cellulose nanocrystal.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of cyanazine–hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (45) ◽  
pp. 26109-26115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Gao ◽  
Chao Bie ◽  
Qiuyu Ji ◽  
Haiyang Ling ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Beta Cyclodextrin ◽  
Cyclodextrin Inclusion ◽  
Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin

Cyanazine/HPβCD inclusion complex was prepared to improve water solubility and thermal stability and herbicidal activity of cyanazine.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Transparent Biodegradable Chitosan: Exopolysaccharide Composite Films Plasticized by Bio-Derived 1,3-Propanediol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Narisetty Vivek ◽  
Nishant Gopalan ◽  
Satyajit Das ◽  
Keerthi Sasikumar ◽  
Raveendran Sindhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Fourier Transform

In this study, chitosan-based composite films blended with a dextran like exopolysaccharide derived from lactic acid bacteria were prepared using the solvent casting method. Later, these composite films were plasticized with 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) produced biologically using biodiesel derived crude glycerol. Further, their physical properties, such as tensile strength, water vapor barrier, thermal behavior, and antioxidant properties, were tested. In comparison to the control chitosan-exopolysaccharide films, 1,3-PDO plasticized films increased tensile strengths (20.08 vs. 43.33 MPa) with an elongation percentage (%E) of 20.73, which was two times more than the control films. As a polymer composite, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks at 1000 cm−1, 1500 cm−1, and 3000–3500 cm−1 to describe the functional groups related to chitosan, exopolysaccharide, and 1,3-PDOThe thermogravimetric analysis displayed a significant three-step degradation at 100–105 °C, 250–400 °C, and 600 °C, where 100% of the films were degraded. The plasticized films were observed to have enhanced water solubility (51%) and rate of moisture absorption (193%). The plasticized films displayed enhanced physico-chemical properties, anti-oxidant properties, and were100% biodegradable.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of a Bioartificial Polymeric System (Scaffold) Made of Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol with Potential in the Viability of Bones Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ramirez Tarazona ◽  
Juan Ochoa Melo ◽  
Julian Ángel García ◽  
Andres Bernal Ballén ◽  
Hugo R. Segura Puello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Mtt Tests ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Scaffolds are widely used in tissue engineering because their manufacture is based on natural and synthetic polymers, which allows them to have properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, creating an ideal environment for cell growth on their surface. In this context, among the polymers studied in Tissue Engineering are Chitosan (CH) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). CH is a versatile polymer obtained from de-acetylation of chitin, which is used for its high biodegradability and biocompatibility, although its mechanical properties must be improved. It has been found that one of the ways to improve the mechanical properties of CH is to mix it with other synthetic polymers such as PVA. PVA is known for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, zero toxicity and ease of preparation due to its solubility in water and excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and ease in the formation of films and barriers. In this study we evaluated the capacity of scaffolds made with CH and PVA in different concentrations (2: 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, respectively) as a possible application in bone regeneration. This was made through different characterization tests such as Infrared Spectroscopy, AFM, Swelling test and Porosity test, where we obtained information about its structural and physicochemical properties. Additionally, a cellular quality control was performed on the material through the MTT assay. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study showed that there are strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol molecules. The Swelling and Porosity tests showed favorable results, obtaining maximum values ​​of 5519% and 72.17% respectively. MTT tests determined that the prepared materials are not cytotoxic. These findings suggest that scaffolds possess properties suitable for use in Tissue Engineering.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose from Banana Stems using Microwave Heating

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Inda Iliyin ◽  
Henny Purwaningsih ◽  
Tun Tedja Irawadi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Fourier Transform

During each day of harvest, wasted banana stems are obtained in large quantities. These stems are composed mainly of 74.37% cellulose which is a very important raw material. This study aims to isolate cellulose from banana stems using liquefaction, delignification and bleaching processes with a microwave  at power variations of 450, 600 and 800 W.  The results showed that the highest cellulose content of 86.43% was obtained at 800 W for 14 minutes. Meanwhile, the fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis result did not show a peak at wavenumber 1519 cm-1 which is the specific peak for lignin but showed a peak for cellulose at wavenumber 898 cm-1. Furthermore, XRD analysis of crystallinity showed a typical diffraction peak of cellulose at 22.5o with a degree of crystallinity of 56.8% while, morphological analysis with SEM showed that the sizes of the cellulose fibers produced varied, ranging from 5 to hundreds of micrometers and visible fibrillary fibers

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of nanocellulose from sugarcane bagasse

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5675-5678
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Nanocellulose (NC) was extracted from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) by acid hydrolysis. Alkalization and bleaching were used to treat SCB before the acid hydrolysis. The hydrolysis was carried out at 45 and 60℃ for 90 and 180 min. Chemical structure, crystallinity and thermal stability of the materials were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Morphology and particle size of nanocellulose were also studied using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). FTIR results confirmed that lignin and hemicellulose were eliminated after alkali and bleaching treatments. These chemical treatments resulted in an improvement in the crystallinity and thermal stability of SCB. Sphere shape nanocellulose particles were observed by FE-SEM. With increasing hydrolysis time and temperature, the crystallinity of nanocellulose was increased but particle size and thermal stability were decreased.

scholarly journals The Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked by Glyoxal

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2449
Author(s):  
Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska ◽  
Olha Mazur ◽  
Marta Michalska-Sionkowska ◽  
Krzysztof Łukowicz ◽  
Anna Maria Osyczka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Human Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Pulp Cells

In this study, hydrogels based on chitosan cross-linked by glyoxal have been investigated for potential medical applications. Hydrogels were loaded with tannic acid at different concentrations. The thermal stability and the polyphenol-releasing rate were determined. For a preliminary assessment of the clinical usefulness of the hydrogels, they were examined for blood compatibility and in the culture of human dental pulp cells (hDPC). The results showed that after immersion in a polyphenol solution, chitosan/glyoxal hydrogels remain nonhemolytic for erythrocytes, and we also did not observe the cytotoxic effect of hydrogels immersed in tannic acid (TA) solutions with different concentration. Tannic acid was successfully released from hydrogels, and its addition improved material thermal stability. Thus, the current findings open the possibility to consider such hydrogels in clinics.

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