scholarly journals Temperature Effect on the Compressive Behavior and Constitutive Model of Plain Hardened Concrete

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman El-Zohairy ◽  
Hunter Hammontree ◽  
Eddie Oh ◽  
Perry Moler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Ultimate Strain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Compressive Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain

Concrete is one of the most common and versatile construction materials and has been used under a wide range of environmental conditions. Temperature is one of them, which significantly affects the performance of concrete, and therefore, a careful evaluation of the effect of temperature on concrete cannot be overemphasized. In this study, an overview of the temperature effect on the compressive behavior of plain hardened concrete is experimentally provided. Concrete cylinders were prepared, cured, and stored under different temperature conditions to be tested under compression. The stress–strain curve, mode of failure, compressive strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of elasticity of concrete were evaluated between the ages of 7 and 90 days. The experimental results were used to propose constitutive models to predict the mechanical properties of concrete under the effect of temperature. Moreover, previous constitutive models were examined to capture the stress–strain relationships of concrete under the effect of temperature. Based on the experimental data and the proposed models, concrete lost 10–20% of its original compressive strength when heated to 100 °C and 30–40% at 260 °C. The previous constitutive models for stress–strain relationships of concrete at normal temperatures can be used to capture these relationships under the effect of temperature by using the compressive strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of elasticity affected by temperature. The effect of temperature on the modulus of elasticity of concrete was considered in the ACI 318-14 equation by using the compressive strength affected by temperature and the results showed good agreement with the experimental data.

scholarly journals Temperature Effect on Mechanical Properties and Damage Identification of Concrete Structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubo Jiao ◽  
Hanbing Liu ◽  
Xianqiang Wang ◽  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Guobao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Damage Identification ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

Static and dynamic mechanical properties of concrete are affected by temperature effect in practice. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the corresponding influence law and mechanism. This paper demonstrates the variation of mechanical properties of concrete at temperatures from −20°C to 60°C. Temperature effects on cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, prism compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and frequency are conducted and discussed. The results indicate that static mechanical properties such as compressive strength (cube and prism), splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity have highly linear negative correlation with temperature; this law is also applied to the first order frequency of concrete slab. The coupling effect of temperature and damage on change rate of frequency reveals that temperature effect cannot be ignored in damage identification of structure. Mechanism analysis shows that variation of elastic modulus of concrete caused by temperature is the primary reason for the change of frequency.

scholarly journals Ability of Constitutive Models to Characterize the Temperature Dependence of Rubber Hyperelasticity and to Predict the Stress-Strain Behavior of Filled Rubber under Different Defor Mation States

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Xintao Fu ◽  
Zepeng Wang ◽  
Lianxiang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Filled Rubber ◽  
Yeoh Model

In this paper, some representative hyperelastic constitutive models of rubber materials were reviewed from the perspectives of molecular chain network statistical mechanics and continuum mechanics. Based on the advantages of existing models, an improved constitutive model was developed, and the stress–strain relationship was derived. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed on two types of filled tire compounds at different temperatures. The physical phenomena related to rubber deformation were analyzed, and the temperature dependence of the mechanical behavior of filled rubber in a larger deformation range (150% strain) was revealed from multiple angles. Based on the experimental data, the ability of several models to describe the stress–strain mechanical response of carbon black filled compound was studied, and the application limitations of some constitutive models were revealed. Combined with the experimental data, the ability of Yeoh model, Ogden model (n = 3), and improved eight-chain model to characterize the temperature dependence was studied, and the laws of temperature dependence of their parameters were revealed. By fitting the uniaxial tensile test data and comparing it with the Yeoh model, the improved eight-chain model was proved to have a better ability to predict the hyperelastic behavior of rubber materials under different deformation states. Finally, the improved eight-chain model was successfully applied to finite element analysis (FEA) and compared with the experimental data. It was found that the improved eight-chain model can accurately describe the stress–strain characteristics of filled rubber.

A sustainable approach to optimum utilization of used foundry sand in concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 927-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khuram Rashid ◽  
Sana Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Prediction Formula ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Foundry Sands ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Optimum Utilization ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources

AbstractConservation of natural resources, healthy environments, and optimal utilization of waste materials are intimate needs of the present time, and this research work was carried out to fulfill these needs. In this experimental and analytical study, concrete was prepared by replacing natural fine aggregates with two types of used foundry sands by 10%, 20% and 30% (by volume). The properties of fresh and hardened concrete were investigated and compared with a replacement amount of fine aggregates from 0% to 30%. Compressive strength was evaluated after 7, 28 and 63 days of moist curing. Along with compressive strength, the modulus of elasticity was also investigated and a reduction in compressive strength and modulus of elasticity was observed with the increase in the amount of used foundry sand. A prediction formula was proposed to predict the compressive strength, and verified by current experimental observations and also with a large database that was also established in this work. The prediction formula may be considered as very helpful for predicting the potential of using used foundry sand as an aggregate in concrete.

scholarly journals Thermomechanics of soft inelastics bodies with application to asphalt behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Kudrjavceva ◽  
Milan Micunovic ◽  
Marko Topalovic ◽  
Simon Sedmak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Thermomechanical Behavior ◽  
Hierarchical Approach ◽  
Tensor Representation ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
User Subroutine

Thermomechanical behavior of hot mix asphalt (HMA) is considered. Its highly irregular microstructure is covered by the hierarchical approach. A brief survey of endochronic thermodynamics precedes constitutive consideration. Two constitutive models are discussed: classical Perzyna?s approach and tensor representation based approach. The second is superior due to its possibility to cover properly diverse multiaxial nonproportioal stress-strain histories. However, due to availability of experimental data the first model is applied to rutting problem through Abaqus FEM code with material user subroutine developed by the authors. Vakulenko?s thermodynamic time appropriate for aging is incorporated. Hyperelasticviscoplastic behavior is considered and some preliminary results are presented.

Interpretation of Experimental Data is Substantial for Constitutive Characterization of Arterial Tissue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Lisický ◽  
Anna Hrubanová ◽  
Jiri Bursa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Uniaxial Stress ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Carotid Wall

Abstract The paper aims at evaluation of mechanical tests of soft tissues and creation of their representative stress-strain responses and respective constitutive models. Interpretation of sets of experimental results depends highly on the approach to the data analysis. Their common representation through mean and standard deviation may be misleading and give non-realistic results. In the paper, raw data of 7 studies consisting of 11 experimental data sets (concerning carotid wall and atheroma tissues) are re-analysed to show the importance of their rigorous analysis. The sets of individual uniaxial stress-strain curves are evaluated using three different protocols: stress-based, stretch-based and constant-based, and the population-representative response is created by their mean or median values. Except for nearly linear responses, there are substantial differences between the resulting curves, being mostly the highest for constant-based evaluation. But also the stretch-based evaluation may change the character of the response significantly. Finally, medians of the stress-based responses are recommended as the most rigorous approach for arterial and other soft tissues with significant strain stiffening.

scholarly journals Compressive Mechanical Properties of a Novel Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Recycled Lightweight Aggregate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Anjun Li ◽  
Gaoqiang Zhou ◽  
Xianggang Zhang ◽  
Ercong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Ultimate Strain ◽  
Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Aggregate Concrete

A novel recycled aggregate concrete was prepared by replacing the natural aggregate with recycled lightweight aggregate. Subsequently, the mechanical properties and compressive stress-strain constitutive relation of the recycled lightweight aggregate concrete (RLWAC) were explored. For this purpose, the recycled lightweight aggregate (RLWA) replacement ratio (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) was selected as a variable, and the compressive strength of 15 cube and 30 prism specimens was evaluated. The failure morphology of the specimen was subsequently characterized, along with the cubic compressive strength, axial compressive strength, peak strain, ultimate strain, and other performance indices. The influence of the replacement ratio for the specimen indices of the RLWAC was also analyzed. It was observed that the dry apparent density of RLWAC decreased gradually on increasing the replacement ratio. Compared with 0% replacement ratio, a decrease of 6.50%, 11.39%, 21.84%, and 27.54% was observed, respectively. On enhancing the RLWA replacement ratio, the compressive strength, peak strain, and ultimate strain of RLWAC were observed to be gradually reduced. As the replacement ratio was increased from 75% to 100%, the peak strain was noted to decrease the most by about 6.8%. As the replacement ratio was increased from 50% to 75%, the ultimate strain decreased the most by about 14.2%. Based on the experimental findings, the functional relationships of the strength indices and the conversion value of each strength index with the replacement ratio were also established. Finally, based on the model proposed by the existing model, the stress-strain equation of RLWAC was developed, and the fitting results were observed to be in good agreement with the test results.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of the Stress-Strain Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Venu ◽  
T. D. Gunneswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
Measured Stress

AbstractThis paper focuses on the mechanical properties and modulus of elasticity of fly ash and GGBS based geopolymer concrete. In this study an 8 molarity concentration of NaOH and alkaline liquid ratio in a ratio of 2.5 was used. This study includes the stress-strain behaviour along with the flexural strength, compressive strength and split tensile strengths for the GPC20, GPC40 and GPC60 grades. Tests were carried out on 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm cubes and 100 × 100 × 500 mm prisms and 150 × 300 mm cylindrical geopolymer concrete specimens. The test results not- ed the good mechanical properties and measured stress-strain relations of fly ash and GGBS based geopolymer concrete under ambient curing conditions. The elastic modulus was significantly varied with increases in the grade of the concrete. An equation was proposed to determine the modulus of elasticity based on the compressive strength of the geopolymer concrete.

The Modulus of Elasticity of High-Strength Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Hui Lu ◽  
Zhi Wu Yu ◽  
Yan Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Wide Range

The paper discusses the modulus of elasticity of plain concrete for a wide range of compressive strength. A large volume of selected experimental data has been collected from existing literature and then analyzed. Particular emphasis has been given to studying the effects of concrete compressive strength and the type of coarse aggregate on the modulus of elasticity of plain concrete. The adequacy and applicability of the existing models for predicting the modulus of elasticity of high-strength concrete has been critically examined, and a new empirical model is proposed to cover concrete strength up to 125 MPa. The new empirical model seems to perform much better when applied to the published experimental data on normal weight concrete over a wide strength range.

Static Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Pavel Reiterman
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Static Modulus Of Elasticity

Present paper deals with the experimental investigation of static modulus of elasticity of hardened concrete and its relation to compressive strength of concrete. Based on the number of measurement was derived expression of dependence of modulus of elasticity on compressive strength of concrete which was determined using cubic specimens; modulus of elasticity was measured using prismatic specimens of dimensions 100x100x400 mm. Studied concrete mixtures present commonly used concrete of all established strength classes.

scholarly journals Durability Study of Concrete using Foundry Waste Sand

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Dr. Sheela V ◽  
Vijay. S ◽  
Vikram. M ◽  
Baskaran. K ◽  
Vishnu. K
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Foundry Sands ◽  
Concrete Mix

This research was conducted to investigate the performance of fresh and hardened concrete containing discarded foundry sands as a replacement of fine aggregate. A control concrete mix was proportioned to achieve a 28-day compressive strength of 37 MPa . Other concrete mixes were proportioned to replace 15% and 35% of regular concrete sand with cleaned foundry sand and used foundry sand by weight. Concrete performance was evaluated with respect to compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. At 28-day age, concrete containing used foundry sand showed about 20 to 30% lower values than concrete without used foundry sand. But concrete containing 25% and 35% cleaned foundry sand gave almost the same compressive strength as that of the control mix.

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