scholarly journals New Experimental Installation to Determine Adsorptive Properties of Magnesium Sulphate

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5652
Author(s):  
Oscar Banos ◽  
Sven Ohmann ◽  
Cornelia Breitkopf
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Adsorption Refrigeration ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Material Separation ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Adsorptive Properties ◽  
Desorption Capacity

Adsorption processes are of great interest in catalysis, material separation, and thermal management. In recent decades, adsorbents have been further investigated because of their applications in adsorption refrigeration, heat pumps, and thermal energy storage. Thus, there is an increasing need to determine the macroscopic properties of the adsorbent, specifically their adsorption/desorption capacity and speed, because these two factors determine the power and size of the corresponding adsorber. Many designs have been proposed, but there is still not a generally adopted technology for the analysis of those properties. In this paper, a novel instrument is described, which is capable of determining the macrokinetic properties of an adsorbent composite, with better control and higher accuracy than gravimetric, volumetric, or barometric installations, and lower price and complexity than spectroscopic installations. The design of the installation is detailed, highlighting the main challenges and critical factors. The two working modes of the installation are described, and one example is provided and analyzed for each of them.

scholarly journals Study on synthesis of MoS2 modified g-C3N4 materials for treatment of Direct black 38 dye

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Phung ◽  
Thi Kim Giang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Enhanced Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Pure g-C3N4 and MoS2 modified g-C3N4 materials were synthesized using a facile heating method and a low-temperature hydrothermal method, respectively. The obtained samples were characterized by XRD pattern and N2 adsorption-desorption technique at 77K. The adsorption and photocatalytic performance of all obtained samples were investigated by discoloration of direct black 38 dye in the dark and under visible light irradiation. The results showed that all obtained samples exhibited good discoloration efficiency of direct black 38 dye. The two factors including pH values and Mo loading effected mainly on elimination efficiency of direct black 38 dye. MoS2 modified g-C3N4 materials possessed the more enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic performance in comparison to pure g-C3N4 at pH value of 3.5, with adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g/L. Furthermore, it was found that the adsorption process and photo-catalysis simultaneously occurred under visible light irradiation and followed up a pseudo-second-order kinetic reaction of Langmuir - Hinshelwood model. g-C3N4 và g-C3N4 biến tính bởi MoS2 đã được tổng hợp theo phương pháp nung đơn giản và phương pháp thủy nhiệt ở nhiệt độ thấp tương ứng. Các mẫu tổng hợp đã được đánh giá đặc trưng bởi các phương pháp hiện đại như giản đồ nhiễu xạ tia X, phương pháp hấp phụ-khử hấp phụ N2 ở 77K. Khả năng hấp phụ và quang hóa xúc tác của các vật liệu tổng hợp đã được nghiên cứu bởi quá trình phân hủy màu thuốc nhuộm direct black 38 trong điều kiện bóng tối và chiếu sáng bởi ảnh sáng nhìn thấy của đèn chiếu sáng sợi đốt wolfram (220V-100W). Các kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng các mẫu tổng hợp đều có hiệu suất xử lý màu cao đối với thuốc nhuộm direct black 38. Hai yếu tố gồm pH dung dịch và hàm lượng MoS2 ảnh hưởng chính đến hiệu suất xử lý màu direct black 38. g-C3N4 biến tính bởi MoS2 luôn thể hiện hiệu suất hấp phụ và quang hóa cao hơn so với g-C3N4 tinh khiết. Hơn nữa, khi được chiếu sáng bởi ánh sáng nhìn thấy thì quá trình hấp phụ và quá trình quang hóa thuốc nhuộm direct black 38 trên các vật liệu tổng hợp đã xảy ra đồng thời và mô hình Langmuir - Hinshelwood động học bậc 2 đã được đề xuất cho quá trình này.

scholarly journals Progress in design of adsorption refrigeration systems. Evaporators

2019 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 02035
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kalawa ◽  
Karolina Grabowska ◽  
Karol Sztekler ◽  
Jarosław Krzywański ◽  
Marcin Sosnowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Adsorption Heat ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Adsorption Refrigeration ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Low Pressures

Adsorption heat pumps are becoming increasingly popular. Due to their design, they enable application of low-temperature heat sources. Evaporators for adsorption chillers make one of the basic design elements determining the correct operation of these devices. The specificity of operation in low pressures and temperatures is the reason why their design significantly differs from that of conventional evaporators. The pluralities of existing solutions as well as the lack of a systematic review of them cause difficulties in correct evaluation and choice of design. The paper presents the current state of art as well as a review of the existing solutions of evaporators used in adsorption heat pumps. The purpose of the review research is to present various solutions of evaporators as well as indicating their advantages and disadvantages in order facilitate the choice of the optimal design.

Mechanism and affecting factors of Translohr tramway guide rail side wear

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (21) ◽  
pp. 3898-3912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjin Ji ◽  
Lihui Ren ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Dao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Guide Rail ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rail Track ◽  
Equivalent Mechanical Model ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Curve Radius

The wheel–rail contact can be found in two patterns. In the first pattern, the treads of both wheels are in contact with the two top surfaces of the ^-shaped guide rail; in the second pattern, the treads of both wheels are in contact with the two top surfaces of the ^-shaped guide rail, and the wheel edge is in contact with the guide rail web on one side. Based on these findings, an equivalent mechanical model with four unilateral springs is proposed to describe the wheel–rail contact. Additionally, a dynamic model of the Translohr tramway is established using Matlab/Simulink. The wheel–rail contact in a tramway moving along curves with different radii is calculated using simulation, and the results obtained are consistent with the observations and results of field measurements. The effects of various factors, including curve radius, tram speed, guide rail pre-pressure, and guide rod length, on the side wear of the guide rail were investigated. The results revealed that curve radius and tram speed are the critical factors affecting rail track side wear. These two factors can qualitatively determine rail track side wear, while other factors can only quantitatively affect the degree of rail track side wear.

scholarly journals Phosphate Adsorption Capacity and Organic Matter Effect on Dynamics of P Availability in Upland Ultisol and Lowland Inceptisol

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
. Marsi ◽  
. Sabaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Available P ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Soil Available P ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Desorption Capacity

Ultisols and Inceptisols were used to investigate the adsorption-desorption capacity of P and the effect of organic matter on the dynamics of P availability in tropical acid soils. The experiment consisted of two sub-experiments. Sub-experiment I was to study the adsorption-desorption capacity of Ultisols, Fresh-water lowland Inceptisols, and tidal-swamp Inceptisols. Therefore, surface soils (0 to 30 cm) of each tested soil were treated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 170, and 200 mg P kg-1 of soil. Sub-experiment II was to study the effects of organic matterapplication (0, 5, 10, and 15 Mg ha-1) on the dynamics of available P following 60d incubation under room temperature.P fertilizer application significantly affected water soluble-P (WSP) (p<0.01) and soil available P-Bray and Kurtz No. 1 (BKP) (p<0.01) in the three tested soils. The different response of both WSP and BKP confirmed that the soils tested in the current experiment had different soil P buffering capacity in the order of Tidal-lowlandInceptisol>Upland Ultisol>fresh-water Lowland Inceptisol. OM application increased the BKP in all tested soils as compared to the control. Differences in pattern of soil available P dynamics over time were detected between upland soil and two lowland soils used in the current experiment.Keywords: Adsorption-desorption, Inceptisols, organic matter, Ultisols

scholarly journals Cooling Capacity Test for MIL-101(Cr)/CaCl2 for Adsorption Refrigeration System

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3975
Author(s):  
Zhongbao Liu ◽  
Banghua Zhao ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Fengfei Lou
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Water Vapor Adsorption ◽  
Condensation Temperature ◽  
Refrigeration System ◽  
Adsorption Refrigeration ◽  
Vapor Adsorption ◽  
Evaporation Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

An MIL-101(Cr) powder material was successfully prepared using the hydrothermal synthesis method, and then the original MIL-101(Cr) was combined with different mass fractions of CaCl2 using the immersion method to obtain a MIL-101(Cr)/CaCl2 composite material. The physical properties of the adsorbent were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), an N2 adsorption desorption isotherm test, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The water vapor adsorption performance of the metal-organic frameworks MOFs was tested with a gravimetric water vapor adsorption instrument to analyze its water vapor adsorption mechanism. Based on the SIMULINK platform in the MATLAB software, a simulation model of the coefficient of performance (COP) and cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration system was established, and the variation trends of the COP and cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration system under different evaporation/condensation/adsorption/desorption temperatures was theoretically studied. MIL101-(Cr)/CaCl2-20% was selected as the adsorption material in the adsorption refrigeration system through the physical characterization of composite materials with different CaCl2 concentrations by means of adsorption water vapor test experiments. A closed adsorption system performance test device was built based on the liquid level method. The cooling power per unit and adsorbent mass (COP and SCP) of the system were tested at different evaporation temperatures (288 K/293 K/298 K); the adsorption temperature was 298 K, the condensation temperature was 308 K, and the desorption temperature was 353 K. The experimental results showed that COP and SCP increased with the increase in the evaporation temperature. When the evaporation temperature was 298 K, the level of COP was 0.172, and the level of SCP was 136.9 W/kg. The COP and SCP of the system were tested at different adsorption temperatures (293 K/298 K/303 K); the evaporation temperature was 288 K, the condensation temperature was 308 K, and the desorption temperature was 353 K. The experimental results showed that the levels of COP and SCP decreased with the increase in the adsorption temperature. When the adsorption temperature was 293 K, the level of COP was 0.18, and the level of SCP was 142.4 W/kg.

scholarly journals Improvement of Commercial Active Carbon for Use in an Adsorption Cooling System

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Buczek ◽  
L. Czepirski ◽  
E. Komorowska-Czepirska
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Methanol Adsorption ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Adsorption Cooling System ◽  
Successive Removal

Of the various gas/solid adsorption processes, the adsorption of methanol on active carbon seems to be most interesting for use in thermodynamic systems such as heat pumps and transformers, as well as in cooling systems. The porous structures of two series of active carbons modified by the successive removal of the external layers from the particle surface, one by abrasion in a spouted bed and the other by subsequent demineralization of the abraded particles, were evaluated on the basis of nitrogen and methanol adsorption data. The porous structure parameters for these two sorbate series agreed reasonably well and allowed the D–R approach to be usefully applied for the characterization of these systems. The methods for calculating the heat effects associated with methanol adsorption over wide ranges of temperature and pressure are discussed.

Modelling of Critical Factors for Improving Logistics Performance of India Using Interpretive Structural Modelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Amrita Jhawar ◽  
S. K. Garg
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Logistics Service Providers ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Power And Dependence

Improving logistics performance is at the essential of policies to strengthen competitiveness and to boost trade integration. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors which will lead to improvement in the logistics performance for a developing country like India, using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). This research presents a framework and the mutual relationships among the factors identified for improving the logistics performance. The identified factors were clustered according to their driving power and dependence power. Investment by government and investment by logistics service providers are the two factors at the bottom level of the hierarchy, implying that developing countries need to focus on high investments for improving logistics performance. Improvement in logistics performance will improve the competitiveness of organizations and higher profits, leading to improvement in foreign direct investment and economic growth in the long run.

scholarly journals TiO2 Decorated Low-Molecular Chitosan a Microsized Adsorbent for a 68Ge/68Ga Generator System

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3185
Author(s):  
Jun-Young Lee ◽  
Pyeong-Seok Choi ◽  
Seung-Dae Yang ◽  
Jeong-Hoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
System Research ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Generator Column ◽  
Column Material ◽  
Trapping Method ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Desorption Capacity

We report column material for a 68Ge/68Ga generator with acid resistance and excellent adsorption and desorption capacity of 68Ge and 68Ga, respectively. Despite being a core element of the 68Ge/68Ga generator system, research on this has been insufficient. Therefore, we synthesized a low molecular chitosan-based TiO2 (LC-TiO2) adsorbent via a physical trapping method as a durable 68Ge/68Ga generator column material. The adsorption/desorption studies exhibited a higher separation factor of 68Ge/68Ga in the concentration range of HCl examined (0.01 M to 1.0 M). The prepared LC-TiO2 adsorbent showed acid resistance capabilities with >93% of 68Ga elution yield and 1.6 × 10−4% of 68Ge breakthrough. In particular, the labeling efficiency of DOTA and NOTA, by using the generator eluted 68Ga, was quite encouraging and confirmed to be 99.65 and 99.69%, respectively. Accordingly, the resulting behavior of LC-TiO2 towards 68Ge/68Ga adsorption/desorption capacity and stability with aqueous HCl exhibited a high potential for ion-exchange solid-phase extraction for the 68Ge/68Ga generator column material.

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