scholarly journals Development of Geopolymers as Substitutes for Traditional Ceramics for Bricks with Chamotte and Biomass Bottom Ash

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Francisco Javier Iglesias-Godino ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Almond Shell ◽  
Aging Properties ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Freezing Test ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Traditional Ceramics

The greater environmental awareness, new environmental regulations and the optimization of resources make possible the development of sustainable materials as substitutes for the traditional materials used in construction. In this work, geopolymers were developed as substitutes to traditional ceramics for brick manufacture, using as raw materials: chamotte, as a source of aluminosilicate, and biomass bottom ashes from the combustion of almond shell and alpeorujo (by-product produced in the extraction of olive oil composed of solid parts of the olive and vegetable fats), as the alkaline activator. For the feasibility study, samples were made of all possible combinations of both residues from 100% chamotte to 100% biomass bottom ash. The tests carried out on these sample families were the usual physical tests for ceramic materials, notably the compression strength test, as well as colorimetric tests. The freezing test was also carried out to study the in-service behavior of the different sample groups. The families with acceptable results were subjected to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The results of the previous tests showed that the geopolymer was indeed created for the final families and that acceptable mechanical and aging properties were obtained according to European standards. Therefore, the possibility of creating geopolymers with chamotte and biomass bottom ashes as substitutes for conventional ceramics was confirmed, developing an economical, sustainable material, without major changes in equipment and of similar quality to those traditionally used for bricks.

scholarly journals Use of Industrial Waste for the Optimization of Ceramic Construction Materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Galhano ◽  
Pedro Lamas ◽  
Diogo Seixas
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Marble Powder

The massive growth of the ceramic industry and the consequent demand for construction materials worldwide has motivated the search for alternative solutions aimed at reducing the use of mineral / natural resources as the main source of raw materials. One of the strategies frequently adopted by the scientific community is the reuse of industrial waste. It is beneficial not only to reduce the overexploitation of mineral resources but also to reduce the environmental, economic and social impacts resulting from their incorrect disposal/treatment and consequent deposition on land unsuitable or that purpose. Duetoconsiderationssuchasphysico-mechanical characteristics and the high production rate, two different types of industrial waste were selected for this work, ashes resulting from the burning of coal in thermoelectric power plant, commonly known as bottom ash (B), and the Marble Powder (MP). It was intended to test the technological feasibility of the manufacture of ceramic materials produced from clay mixtures containing these two residues. For this purpose, the fine fraction(<63μm)obtained from the sieving of the marbleresidue(MR)and slag(Bf)was used,aswellasacoarsergrainslagfractionrangingfrom63-125μm(Bg). The resulting test samples were subjected to a firing of 950 °C under an oxidizing atmosphere, following a primary drying process. Faced with the standard values, the new ceramic materials obtained from MP have seen their mechanical and porous characteristics decrease and increase, respectively. Atthesametime,althoughtheadditionofBinno way influenced the mechanical characteristics,a significant improvement the porous characteristic was observed. The incorporation of these residues produced a color very close to the original sample material. Keywords: industrial waste, ceramic, construction materials, bottom ash, Marble Powder

Evaluation of Physical Parameters of a Clay with the Incorporation of Industrial Ash Waste by Means of Variance Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 379-382
Author(s):  
Francine Machado Nunes ◽  
C.C. Ferreira ◽  
Flávio André Pavan ◽  
M.X. Guterres ◽  
L.M.H. Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Normative Standard ◽  
Made In ◽  
Sheep Wool

This work evaluates the incorporation of solid industrial waste such as rice husk ash, bottom ash from mineral coal and ash coming from the washing of sheep wool in Red Ceramic Mass (MRC) composed of clay. These raw materials were collected from industries in the municipality of Bagé-RS, Brazil. Percentages of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of these wastes were added to (MRC) in order to reduce the environmental impacts, both by the clay extraction as well as for waste disposal. The physical tests (Atterberg limits) made with the clay, follow a normative standard. However, the tests made in the formulations served to compare the formulations’ behavior in relation to the clay. In order to verify if the tests proposed in (MRC) and if the formulations have changed significantly the investigated indexes, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed. The results generally indicate that there are statistically significant differences, mainly regarding the Plasticity Index (PI) and the Liquidity Limit (LL), as ash was added in the formulations.

Chemical Characterisation of Geological Raw Materials Used in Traditional Ceramics

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Gazulla ◽  
Maria Pilar Gomez ◽  
Antonio Barba ◽  
Monica Orduña
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Traditional Ceramics

Physical Properties of Porous Clay Ceramic-Ware

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Plappally ◽  
I. Yakub ◽  
L. C. Brown ◽  
W. O. Soboyejo ◽  
A. B. O. Soboyejo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Ceramic Ware ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Similar Materials ◽  
Ceramic Manufacture ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Clay Ceramics

The focus of this study is on the physical properties of clay ceramic materials compatible for drinking water filtration. A multiparameter lognormal multivariate regression approach is proposed for assessing the combined effects of quantity of compositional constituent of raw materials used in ceramic manufacture on toughness. The approach was validated for two specimen types (T- and S-specimens) derived from a circular base of the frustum shaped, porous clay ceramic ware (PCCW). The PCCW were manufactured from clay and sieved sawdust mixed at distinct volume fractions. The variation of the porosity and density of the PCCW was studied with respect to the amounts of sawdust and clay used in the manufacturing. The research helped to clearly define the roles of clay and sawdust quantities for strength development in both T- and S-specimen. A generalized experimental approach is proposed for estimation of mechanical properties of clay ceramics as a function of the material constituent fractions. A polynomial relationship was developed between the compressive strength and density of the PCCW material. The statistical model expressions developed herein may be used for the prediction of material and mechanical properties of similar materials, including natural and engineered materials.

Quality Characterization of Iron Dust Exhaust Thermal as Alternative Ceramic Coating Raw Materials in a Brazilian Company

2014 ◽  
Vol 1077 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Luiz Oliveira Veriano dalla Valentina ◽  
Marilena Valadares Folgueras ◽  
Wanessa Rejane Knop ◽  
Maria Cristina Pacheco do Nascimento ◽  
Glaucia Aparecida Prates
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Materials Used

As the raw materials used in the ceramic materials manufacturing are natural, it is important to use them as a alternative materials, thus decreasing the elements demand taken from nature. This paper aims the characterization of foundry solid powder exhaust from a brazilian company located in Joinville - SC as an alternative raw material for ceramic coating by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG). The dust depletion is caused in the manufacturing mold sand process, when the bentonita (clay), silica sand and coal during the metal parts production are mixed in green sand production. The raw materials were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal (DSC) and thermogravimetric analisys (TG). The atomized powder thermogravimetric analysis curve shows three intervals associated with the mass loss and it is typical of clay commercial application.

scholarly journals Study of the Incorporation of Biomass Bottom Ashes in Ceramic Materials for the Manufacture of Bricks and Evaluation of Their Leachates

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Francisco Javier Iglesias-Godino ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Sustainable Building Materials

Scarcity of raw materials, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and reduction of waste disposal in landfills are leading to the development of more sustainable building materials. Based on these lines, this work studies the incorporation of biomass bottom ashes into ceramic materials for brick manufacture, in order to reuse this currently unused waste and reduce clay extraction operations. To this end, different groups of samples were made with different combinations of clay and biomass bottom ashes, from 100% clay to 100% biomass bottom ashes. These samples were shaped, sintered and subjected to the usual physical tests in ceramics. In turn, the mechanical resistance, color and leaching of the contaminating elements present were studied. The physical and mechanical tests showed that the results of all the families were adequate, achieving compressive strengths of over 20 MPa and leaching of the contaminating elements acceptable by the regulations. Therefore, a sustainable range of ceramics was developed, with specific properties (porosity, density, resistance and color), with a waste that is currently unused and sustainable with the environment.

scholarly journals Porous Materials Derived from Industrial By-Products for Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Capture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8086
Author(s):  
Antonella Cornelio ◽  
Alessandra Zanoletti ◽  
Stefania Federici ◽  
Laura Eleonora Depero ◽  
Elza Bontempi
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

The aim of this paper was the evaluation of hybrid porous materials, named SUNSPACE (“SUstaiNable materials Synthesized from by-Products and Alginates for Clean air and better Environment”), realized with raw materials such as silica fume (SUNSPACE SF) and bottom ash derived from municipal solid waste incineration (SUNSPACE BA), compared to cement and leaf for particulate matter (PM) entrapment. SUNSPACE BA was synthesized to overcome the limited applicability of the original material due to its dark grey color. The modification of raw materials used for its realization allows one to obtain a light color in comparison to the corresponding SUNSPACE SF, more suitable to be used as a coating on the buildings’ facades for aesthetic reasons. Moreover, another great advantage was obtained by the synthesis of SUNSPACE BA in the frame of circular economy principles; indeed, it was obtained by using a waste material (derived from waste incineration), opening new possibilities for its reuse. Experimental tests to evaluate the particles entrapment capability of the material were realized for the first time by using a nanoparticles generator. TiO2 suspension with a size of 300 nm and a concentration of 3 g/L was used to simulate a monodisperse nanoparticles flux. To compare the quantity of TiO2 adsorbed by each specimen, both the exposed and the pristine samples were digested and then analyzed by total X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). The results showed a high adsorption capacity of SUNSPACE BA (3526 ± 30 mg/kg).

scholarly journals The influence of polymer addition on flexural strength, fracture mode and porosity of traditional ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Rajnovic ◽  
Sebastian Balos ◽  
Leposava Sidjanin ◽  
Miroslava Radeka ◽  
Snezana Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Polymer Addition ◽  
Shaping Procedure ◽  
Traditional Ceramics

The usage of an air-swept milling of raw materials is the most efficient method for preventing the negative lime-blowing process of ceramic roofing tiles. However, after air-swept milling the clay minerals lose water which has to be returned back before the shaping procedure. Addition of surface active materials could increase hidrophilicity of the raw material and reduce needed time for re-wetting trough the control of meso, micro and nano porosity of the clay material. In view of that, the object of this research was to study the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG600) on porosity, mechanical properties and fracture surface characteristics of traditional ceramic materials. It was founded that with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG600) to traditional clay materials it is possible to achieve desired porosity, from meso, trough micro and up to nano, without degrading the mechanical properties of the final products.

scholarly journals WALL CERAMIC MATERIALS BASED ON TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS OF COAL SERIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
A. S. Gaishun ◽  
E. S. Gaishun ◽  
E. V. Kovaleristova ◽  
K. S. Yavruyan
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Firing Mode ◽  
Solid Part ◽  
Wall Ceramic ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Objectives. The paper discusses the feasibility of using the technogenic raw materials of the coal series in the production of highly efficient wall ceramics. The interest in the man-made raw materials of the coal series (sludge, screenings and cake) as the raw materials used in the manufacture of ceramic products has now greatly increased. The reason for this was the reduction of the base of high-quality clay raw materials, the appreciation of its use in the production of wall ceramics, a large amount of accumulated reserves of various rocks of coal-based man-made raw materials.Method. The research used the following composition of the raw mix: 70% of technogenic raw materials of the coal series (screenings) and 30% of the clay raw materials. The determination of the physicomechanical properties of the samples was carried out according to GOST 530-2012. Coal dumps are fine- grained products, the solid part of which contains a significant amount of coal.Result. The technological parameters of obtaining wall ceramic products based on coal slimes are determined. Studied the main physico-technical characteristics of the materials obtained. Phase transformations occurring during the burning and patterns of the formation of the structure of the shard were studied. The feasibility of the production of highly efficient ceramic products with low thermal conductivity and density based on technogenic raw materials of the coal series using the technology of compression molding is shown.Conclusion. The results of theoretical studies are confirmed by practical data, which consist in the fact that in raw mixtures containing technogenic raw materials of coal series, a sharp increase in strength, taking into account the complete burning of carbon, occurs at temperatures of 1000-1060 ° C. The changes introduced during the production of products using this method will help achieve a significant energy saving of gas and optimization of the firing mode.

scholarly journals Availability of raw materials in the state of Piauí for the production of ceramic coating

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Paulysendra Felipe Silva ◽  
Francisca das Chagas Oliveira ◽  
Rebeka Manuela Lobo Sousa ◽  
Phillype Dowglas Lopes ◽  
Italo Gutierry Carneiro da Conceição ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Simple Processing ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Plastic Clays

The main raw material for the production of ceramic materials is clay, it can be found in large quantities throughout Brazil, in addition to having a simple processing method in the preparation of the mass of ceramic tiles using mixtures of kaolinitic clays (not very plastic) and illitic (plastic) clays, this mixture favors by developing a series of functions such as: light-burning color; act as binders and plasticizers; facilitate fluidity, due to its melting properties, provide a good burning density and excellent mechanical resistance. This work addresses the main basic white-burning raw materials used in the production of ceramic tiles: quartz, kaolin, talc and limestone and their influence on the ceramic mass. All raw materials mentioned are available in the State of Piauí. For this, a bibliographic review of a descriptive, basic and qualitative nature was carried out on the theme and with the results, it was possible to identify the existence of white-burning raw materials in the State of Piauí that can be used in the production of ceramic coating.

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