scholarly journals Porous Materials Derived from Industrial By-Products for Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Capture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8086
Author(s):  
Antonella Cornelio ◽  
Alessandra Zanoletti ◽  
Stefania Federici ◽  
Laura Eleonora Depero ◽  
Elza Bontempi
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

The aim of this paper was the evaluation of hybrid porous materials, named SUNSPACE (“SUstaiNable materials Synthesized from by-Products and Alginates for Clean air and better Environment”), realized with raw materials such as silica fume (SUNSPACE SF) and bottom ash derived from municipal solid waste incineration (SUNSPACE BA), compared to cement and leaf for particulate matter (PM) entrapment. SUNSPACE BA was synthesized to overcome the limited applicability of the original material due to its dark grey color. The modification of raw materials used for its realization allows one to obtain a light color in comparison to the corresponding SUNSPACE SF, more suitable to be used as a coating on the buildings’ facades for aesthetic reasons. Moreover, another great advantage was obtained by the synthesis of SUNSPACE BA in the frame of circular economy principles; indeed, it was obtained by using a waste material (derived from waste incineration), opening new possibilities for its reuse. Experimental tests to evaluate the particles entrapment capability of the material were realized for the first time by using a nanoparticles generator. TiO2 suspension with a size of 300 nm and a concentration of 3 g/L was used to simulate a monodisperse nanoparticles flux. To compare the quantity of TiO2 adsorbed by each specimen, both the exposed and the pristine samples were digested and then analyzed by total X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). The results showed a high adsorption capacity of SUNSPACE BA (3526 ± 30 mg/kg).

scholarly journals Planning the Flows of Residual Biomass Produced by Wineries for the Preservation of the Rural Landscape

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canio Manniello ◽  
Dina Statuto ◽  
Andrea Di Pasquale ◽  
Gerardo Giuratrabocchetti ◽  
Pietro Picuno
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Basilicata Region ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

Circular economy aims to create a system that allows an optimal reuse of products and materials. According to an appropriate planning hierarchy, agricultural and agro-food co-products, by-products and wastes should be primarily employed to re-balance soil fertility, and afterwards valorized as new secondary raw materials used in the same agricultural sector or in different industrial chains (e.g., cosmetics, nutraceuticals, etc.). Finally, only at the end of this process, they could be conveyed to energy production through co-generation. In this paper, different residues generated by the wine production chain have been considered with reference to the Basilicata region (Southern Italy). These biomasses have been quantitatively assessed and qualitatively classified, in order to find the most rational and convenient solution for their valorization from a technical, economic and environmental point of view. From the spatial analysis—elaborated by implementing a Geographic Information System—some thematic maps have been obtained, which allow us to highlight the areas with the highest concentration of residues. In this way, focusing the analysis on these areas, some possible strategies for their management and valorization have been proposed, so as to restore soil fertility and contribute to the sustainable preservation of the rural landscape.

Effects of Metakoalin on Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Bottom Ash-Cement Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 653-658
Author(s):  
Roshazita Che Amat ◽  
Khairul Nizar Ismail ◽  
Khairel Rafezi Ahmad ◽  
Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Mswi Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incinerators ◽  
By Products

Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) produce by products which can be classified as bottom and fly ashes. The bottom ash accounts for 85-90 % of solid product resulting from MSW combustion. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of application of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash as a supplementary cementations material for the preparation of blended cement. The used of bottom ash as a research material is caused by substances contained in cement is almost the same with bottom ash. Bottom ash was found to have some reactivity, but without greatly affecting the hydration process of OPC at 10 % replacement with 10% metakaolin is required to be used in the production of concrete in order to improve strength.

scholarly journals Granular Material Development Applied in an Experimental Section for Civil Engineering Purposes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6782
Author(s):  
Jessica Giro-Paloma ◽  
Joan Formosa ◽  
Josep M. Chimenos
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Experimental Section ◽  
Apc Residues

In this study, a granular material (GM) derived from wastes generated in waste-to-energy plants was developed. Weathered bottom ash (WBA) and air pollution control (APC) ashes obtained from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) were used as raw materials. A mortar (M) with 50 wt. % of APC and 50 wt. % of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) CEM-I was prepared. The GM formulation was 20 wt. % M and 80 wt. % WBA. At the laboratory scale, WBA, APC, M, and crushed GM were evaluated by means of dynamic leaching (EN 12457-4) tests, and WBA, M, and crushed GM by percolation column (CEN/TS 16637) tests. The metal(loid)s analyzed were below the non-hazardous limits, regarding the requirement of the metal(loid)s released for waste revalorization. In order to simulate a road subbase real scenario, the crushed GM was tested in an experimental section (10 × 20 × 0.2 m). During a 600-day period, the leachates generated by the percolation of rainwater were collected. This research shows outstanding results regarding the metal(loid)s released for both the “accumulated” and “punctual” leachates collected. An accomplishment in the immobilization of metal(loid)s from APC residues was achieved because of the encapsulation effect of the cement. The GM formulation from both MSWI wastes can be considered an environmentally safe procedure for revalorizing APC residues.

scholarly journals A Study of State Parameters for Road Construction of MSWI Bottom Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 7624-7627
Author(s):  
T. K. V. Nguyen ◽  
T. T. H. Doan ◽  
T. H. Cao ◽  
H. S. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
The North ◽  
Mswi Bottom Ash ◽  
Technical Guide ◽  
By Products

The current work tries to valorize the bottom ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI). The bottom ash from waste incineration consists of atypical granular materials. They are industrial by-products resulting from the incineration of domestic waste and the way of the considered valorization is road gravel. In this paper, we present the state parameters of bottom ash taken from a recycling company in the North of France. These features can help us evaluate our bottom ash according to the technical guide of realization of embankments and subgrades.

scholarly journals Fresh Bottom Ash Characteristics Dependence on Fractional Composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
Jurgita Seniūnaitė ◽  
Saulius Vasarevičius
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Composition Studies ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
One Step ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products ◽  
Chemical Materials

Waste incineration process generates two main by-products streams: fly ash and bottom ash. Bottom ash is composed of a variety of oxides, heavy metals and salts. Chemical materials distributed unevenly in different fractions of bottom ash. This study investigates the heavy metals (Pb, Cd) content dependence of bottom ash and fraction composition. Studies were performed with five different fractions (0–2 mm; 2–5.6 mm; 5.6–11.2 mm; 11.2–22,4 mm; 22.4–40 mm) of fresh bottom ash. After a one-step leaching test (distilled water was used as a solvent), was determinate, that highest concentrations of the lead (Pb) (from 0.141 to 0.146 mg/l) are leached from the smallest (0–2 mm 2–5.6 mm) bottom ash fractions particles. Heavy metals concentration in these fractions eluates respectively was 2.83 and 2.91 times higher than the limit value of leaching. The highest concentration of cadmium (4.214 mg/l) was determinate in 0–2 mm fraction bottom ash eluate. concentration of cadmium was 1.40 times higher than the limit value of leaching. It can be concluded that 0–2 mm; 2–5.6 mm fraction bottom ash can’t be used in civil engineering, without pre-treatment (eg. washing or aging).

Biomass bottom ash waste and by-products of the acetylene industry as raw materials for unfired bricks

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 102191
Author(s):  
D. Eliche-Quesada ◽  
M.A. Felipe-Sesé ◽  
M.J. Fuentes-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
By Products

Determination of the true metabolizable energy (TMEN) by roosters of feedstuffs made from seal by-products

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Anderson ◽  
L. White ◽  
J. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products

TMEN values for various seal by-product feedstuffs were determined using roosters. Four samples of seal meal [seal meal 1991, seal meal 1992, seal meal 1994 (juveniles), seal meal 1994 (mixed ages)] and three samples of seal meat (oven-dried at 50 °C, oven-dried at 120 °C, and freeze-dried) were given to 16 roosters (30 g: precision fed) housed in individual wire cages. Total collection of excreta from a 48-h period was used to provide samples for analysis of gross energy, nitrogen, and dry matter content. TMEN results indicate variability in quality of the meals, associated with the different raw materials used to produce the seal meals as well as year of production. The TMEN values for the seal meals ranged from 3896 kcal kg−1 to 4621 kcal kg−1 with an average value of 4283 kcal kg−1. The crude protein content of the seal meals ranged from 64.2 to 67.6%, the crude fat content from 12.7 to 14.7%, the calcium content from 5.38 to 8.98% and the total phosphorus content from 3.16 to 4.79%. Oven-drying the seal meat at 120 °C significantly reduced TMEN (2643 kcal kg–1). The TMEN values for the freeze-dried and the low temperature oven-dried (50 °C) seal meat were not significantly different (4008 kcal kg–1 and 4013 kcal kg–1, respectively). Key words: True metabolizable energy, seal by-products, roosters, seal meal, seal meat, TMEN

scholarly journals Characterization of a new laboratory ceramic product from industrial by-products as raw materials and caustic magnesia as additive

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2050
Author(s):  
V. Skliros ◽  
P. G. Lampropoulou ◽  
B. Tsikouras ◽  
K. Hatzipanagiotou ◽  
A. Christogerou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Ceramic Product ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Experimental Firing ◽  
By Products ◽  
Caustic Magnesia

A new ceramic product is introduced by mixing caustic magnesia, produced in the laboratory from pure, high quality magnesite, and natural silt. Bottom ash and red mud, two well known environmentally hazardous industrial by-products, were also added in the mixture. After testing various recipes we concluded that addition of 5% caustic magnesia in the ceramic product greatly enhances its performance. Increase bonding of the ceramic microstructure is attributed to the formation of periclase necks, the concurrent formation of small quantities of amorphous material and the homogeneously distributed pores during the experimental firing of the mixture. Combined X-ray Diffractometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy of the ceramic product revealed the occurrence of unreactive phases, inherited by the raw materials, as well as newly-formed albite and magnesioferrite. Our results show that utilization of by-products may be important and environmental friendly materials in producing low cost ceramic building materials.

scholarly journals The Reuse of Industrial By-Products for the Synthesis of Innovative Porous Materials, with the Aim to Improve Urban Air Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6798
Author(s):  
Antonella Cornelio ◽  
Alessandra Zanoletti ◽  
Roberto Braga ◽  
Laura Eleonora Depero ◽  
Elza Bontempi
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Pore Former ◽  
By Products ◽  
Adsorption Capability

This works concerns the characterization and the evaluation of adsorption capability of innovative porous materials synthesized by using alginates and different industrial by-products: silica fume and bottom ash. Hydrogen peroxide was used as pore former to generate a porosity able to trap particulate matter (PM). These new materials are compared with the reference recently proposed porous SUNSPACE hybrid material, which was obtained in a similar process, by using silica fume. Structural, morphological, colorimetric and porosimetric analyses were performed to evaluate the differences between the obtained SUNSPACE typologies. The sustainability of the proposed materials was evaluated in terms of the Embodied Energy and Carbon Footprint to quantify the benefits of industrial by-products reuse. Adsorption tests were also performed to compare the ability of samples to trap PM. For this aim, titania suspension, with particles size about 300 nm, was used to simulate PM in the nanoparticle range. The results show that the material realized with bottom ash has the best performance.

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