scholarly journals Modification and Properties of Cellulose Nonwoven Fabric—Multifunctional Mulching Material for Agricultural Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4335
Author(s):  
Tobiasz Gabryś ◽  
Beata Fryczkowska ◽  
Joanna Grzybowska-Pietras ◽  
Dorota Biniaś
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Crop Cover ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Soil Infestation ◽  
Proposed Modification ◽  
Modified Cellulose

The paper describes a method of modifying a commercial viscose nonwoven fabric and its use as a modern mulching material in agriculture. The conducted research confirmed that the proposed modification of the viscose nonwoven fabric could be successfully used as a multipurpose and, above all, completely biodegradable nonwoven crop cover, which will eliminate the problem of disposal after the harvest period. Modified cellulose nonwoven fabric was obtained by staining with NB—BT helion brown, then padding with potassium nitrate (KNO3) solution (used as a fertilizer) and finally coating with polylactide (PLA) solution. The characterisation of the nonwoven fabric included structural analysis, physicochemical properties and mechanical tests. The modified cellulose nonwovens were used in the tunnel cultivation of tomatoes as a heat-retardant, water-absorbing, antiweed mulching material that prevents soil infestation and slowly releases fertilizers.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of New Environmentally Friendly Starch-Cellulose Materials Modified with Casein or Gelatin for Agricultural Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosława Prochoń ◽  
Anna Marzec ◽  
Bolesław Szadkowski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Cellulose Composites ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Starch Films ◽  
Cellulose Fabrics

The purpose of this work was to prepare new biodegradable starch-cellulose composites, with starch, using casein and gelatin as natural nutrients. The physico-chemical properties of the starch films and cellulose fabrics with starch coatings were studied by Fourier transformation infrared analysis, laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, swelling tests, mechanical tests, thermal analysis thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The susceptibility of the starch films to biodegradation was investigated, together with their resistance to thermo-oxidative aging. As a result of the formation of the starch films, both the casein and gelatin macromolecules were able to interact directly with the starch matrix and the fractions of unbranched amylose and branched amylopectin it contained. This interaction was visible as changes in the absorption bands of the polar groups, as revealed by infrared analysis. Spectral analysis of the cellulose fabrics coated with starch films suggests that hydrogen bridges formed between the micelles of long cellulose filaments and the micro and macro-fibers of the starch pectins. An applicative test revealed that when used as a covering for bean cultivation the cellulose-starch composites act as a fertilizing component, contributing to significantly improved growth of Phaseolus vulgaris in comparison to the use of unmodified cellulose.

Characterisation of Energy Generating PolyVinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Based Piezoelectric Filament

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 366-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vatansever ◽  
R.L. Hadimani ◽  
T. Shah ◽  
E. Siores
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Drawing Ratio ◽  
Dc Voltage

Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Is Not Inherently Piezoelectric however Non-Piezoelectric α-Crystal Form of the Polymer Can Be Transform to Piezoelectric β-Crystal Form by Application of High Drawing Ratio, Heat and High DC Voltage. in this Work, some Mechanical Tests, such as Linear Density, Tenacity, Elongation%, Were Carried Out to Comparatively Investigate both Poled and Unpoled PVDF Filaments which Were Produced via a Continuous Process in a Customized Melt Extruder. the Voltage Responses of Poled and Unpoled Filaments Were Also Investigated under a Standard Impact Test Ring. These Filaments Were then Studied under Semi Electron Microscopy (SEM) for their Micro Structural Analysis.

Natural compounds as light stabilizer for a starch-based biodegradable polymer

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
NadkaTz. Dintcheva ◽  
Francesco Paolo La Mantia ◽  
Rossella Arrigo
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
Light Stabilizer ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The photooxidation behavior of a commercial starch-based biodegradable polymer, i.e., new generation Mater-Bi, loaded with natural stabilizers was investigated in consideration for outdoor agricultural applications. The photooxidation behavior of the biodegradable films was monitored mainly by mechanical tests and spectroscopic analysis. In order to formulate biodegradable films without any synthetic compounds, suitable for outdoor applications and with good photooxidation stability, antioxidants such as α-tocopherol and quercetin (Q) were considered. The results obtained using natural compounds were compared with those obtained by using a synthetic antioxidant and a light stabilizer. Among the investigated natural compounds, the flavonoid compound seemed to work better than the antioxidant and the improvement in the photooxidation behavior of the biodegradable film was very similar to that obtained using the synthetic light stabilizer. A flavonoid compound can be considered as an outstanding natural stabilizer to replace synthetic light stabilizers in the formulation of 100% natural compounds based films, suitable for outdoor applications.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Carbon-based Ashes/Maize Starch Composite Films for Agricultural Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrica Stasi ◽  
Antonella Giuri ◽  
Francesca Ferrari ◽  
Vincenza Armenise ◽  
Silvia Colella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Gasification Plant ◽  
Carbon Based

The aim of this work is the development and characterization of biodegradable thermoplastic recycled carbon ashes/maize starch (TPAS) composite films for agricultural applications. A proper plasticizer, that is, glycerol, was added to a commercial maize starch in an amount of 35 wt.%. Carbon-based ashes were produced by the biomass pyro-gasification plant CMD ECO 20, starting from lignocellulosic wastes. The ashes were added to glycerol and maize native starch at different amounts ranging from 7 wt.% to 21 wt.%. The composite was mixed at 130 °C for 10 min and then molded. The effect of the different amounts of carbon based ashes on the thermal and physical-mechanical properties of the composite was assessed by using several techniques, such as rheology, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), moisture absorption, degradation and mechanical tests. The presence of the carbon waste ashes allows to improve thermal and durability performances of the thermoplastic starch (TPS) films. It reduces the water absorption of starch matrix and strongly decreases the deterioration of starch, independently from fillers amount, enhancing the lifetime of the TPS films in outdoor conditions. In addition, the waste carbon ashes/maize starch films present an advantage in comparison to those of neat starch; it can biodegrade, releasing the plant nutrients contained in the ashes into the soil. In conclusion, this approach for recycling carbon waste ashes increases the efficiency of industrial waste management, along with a reduction of its impact on the environment.

Determination and Analysis of the Dynamic Loaded Screws by Structural Analysis, Fractography and Numerical Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kutin ◽  
Milan Prokolab ◽  
Marko Ristic ◽  
Ana Alil ◽  
Bojan Gligorijevic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Dynamically Loaded ◽  
Light Optical Microscope

This paper analysis the causes dynamically loaded screws failure, using the structural analysis of mechanical properties and numerical simulation. The comparison with the new unbroken screws, which were not in use, has been done to determine the condition of the broken (dynamically loaded) ones. Analysis was performed, according to the following test methods and activities: non-destructive testing, visual inspection, radiographic testing, chemical analysis of screws sample materials, mechanical properties of screws' materials. Structure analysis of screws materials: Testing macrostructure (light optical microscope, SEM-EDS) examination of the microstructure (light optical microscope, SEM-EDS), fractographic examination. Numerical simulation of the stress state of the dynamically loaded screws was done in CATIA software package, and it was identical to the bolt loads, during service exploitation. The results between numerical simulation and structural analysis were quite coinciding - the difference is about 8-10%, which is pretty good for these types of experiments. Such an overlap, says that the stress value at the very screws is reliable and give us a true picture of loadings. Structural mechanical tests have shown a very pronounced effect of dynamic loads, that large shear stress shows also as a good agreement, where between the stresses, obtained by numerical simulation and structural mechanical testing. Analysing the results, obtained by numerical simulation and structural mechanical testing were performed with the redistribution of critical stresses, and proposal for the structure optimization. The comparative analysis methods have been provided the precise prediction of fracture appearance and made possible to define the preventive measures.

Mechanical Behavior and Structural Analysis of a TiNi Alloy Annealled in the 300 to 500°C Range and Air Cooled

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 497-502
Author(s):  
Lioudmila Aleksandrovna Matlakhova ◽  
Everton Maick Rangel Pessanha ◽  
Eduardo Atem de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Applied Strain ◽  
Tini Alloy ◽  
Light Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work has as objectives the structural analysis and mechanical behavior of a TiNi (46.5Ti-53.5Ni (wt%) / 51.6Ti-48.4Ni (at%)) alloy displaying Shape Memory Effect, manufactured by Light Metals Institute, in Russia, as a ∅ 5.12 mm wire. Samples were annealed at 300 to 550oC, and air cooled afterwards. X-Ray and scanning electron microscopy structural analysis was performed. Mechanical tests by compression testing were made, up to 10% strain, with control unloading, and afterwards continued up to fracture. The alloy has shown itself sensitive to the heat treatment and applied strain. In the alloy, after annealing at different temperatures in the interval of 300 to 550oC, phases B19’, R and Ti2Ni, were identified. Along higher annealing temperatures, up to 550oC, R phase was replaced by B2. In this alloy, strain induced Martensitic Reversible Transformations (MRT) type B2/R→B19 ́/Rdef were induced.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene: Additive Manufacturing by Multi Jet Fusion Technology

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2165
Author(s):  
Jiří Šafka ◽  
Michal Ackermann ◽  
Filip Véle ◽  
Jakub Macháček ◽  
Petr Henyš
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Fusion Technology ◽  
Hewlett Packard ◽  
The Given

Multi jet fusion (MJF) technology has proven its significance in recent years as this technology has continually increased its market share. Recently, polypropylene (PP) was introduced by Hewlett-Packard for the given technology. To our knowledge, little is known about the mechanical properties of polypropylene processed by MJF technology. During this study, standardised specimens were printed under all of the major orientations of the machine’s build space. Each of these orientations were represented by five samples. The specimens then underwent tensile, bending and Charpy impact tests to analyse their mechanical properties. The structural analysis was conducted to determine whether PP powder may be reused within the MJF process. The mechanical tests showed that the orientation of the samples significantly influences their mechanical response and must be carefully chosen to obtain the optimal mechanical properties of PP samples. We further showed that PP powder may be reused as the MJF process does not significantly alter its thermal and structural properties.

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