scholarly journals Response Times Reconstructor Based on Mathematical Expectation Quotient for a High Priority Task over RT-Linux

Mathematics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Diana L. González-Baldovinos ◽  
Pedro Guevara-López ◽  
Jose Luis Cano-Rosas ◽  
Jorge Salvador Valdez-Martínez ◽  
Asdrúbal López-Chau
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
High Priority Task ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reconstruction Model ◽  
Specific Working

Every computer task generates response times depending on the computer hardware and software. The response times of tasks executed in real-time operating systems such as RT-Linux can vary as their instances evolve even though they always execute the same algorithm. This variation decreases as the priority of the tasks increases; however, the minimum and maximum response times are still present in the same task, and this complicates its monitoring, decreasing its level of predictability in case of contingency or overload, as well as making resource sizing difficult. Therefore, the need arises to propose a model capable of reconstructing the dynamics of response times for the instances of a task with high priority in order to analyze their offline behavior under specific working conditions. For this purpose, we develop the necessary theory to build the response time reconstruction model. Then, to test the proposed model, we set up a workbench consisting of a single board computer, PREEMPT_RT, and a high priority task generated by the execution of a matrix inversion algorithm. This work demonstrates the application of the theory in an experimental process, presenting a way to model and reconstruct the dynamics of response times by a high-priority task on RT-Linux.

scholarly journals Prediction of Pest Insect Appearance Using Sensors and Machine Learning

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4846
Author(s):  
Dušan Marković ◽  
Dejan Vujičić ◽  
Snežana Tanasković ◽  
Borislav Đorđević ◽  
Siniša Ranđić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

The appearance of pest insects can lead to a loss in yield if farmers do not respond in a timely manner to suppress their spread. Occurrences and numbers of insects can be monitored through insect traps, which include their permanent touring and checking of their condition. Another more efficient way is to set up sensor devices with a camera at the traps that will photograph the traps and forward the images to the Internet, where the pest insect’s appearance will be predicted by image analysis. Weather conditions, temperature and relative humidity are the parameters that affect the appearance of some pests, such as Helicoverpa armigera. This paper presents a model of machine learning that can predict the appearance of insects during a season on a daily basis, taking into account the air temperature and relative humidity. Several machine learning algorithms for classification were applied and their accuracy for the prediction of insect occurrence was presented (up to 76.5%). Since the data used for testing were given in chronological order according to the days when the measurement was performed, the existing model was expanded to take into account the periods of three and five days. The extended method showed better accuracy of prediction and a lower percentage of false detections. In the case of a period of five days, the accuracy of the affected detections was 86.3%, while the percentage of false detections was 11%. The proposed model of machine learning can help farmers to detect the occurrence of pests and save the time and resources needed to check the fields.

Feeder Bus Timetable Design and Vehicle Size Setting in Peak Hour Demand Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (10) ◽  
pp. 321-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueping Dou ◽  
Qiang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Non Linear Programming ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Feeder Bus ◽  
Minlp Model ◽  
Failure Cost ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Given

This study proposes a solution to the feeder bus timetabling problem, in which the terminal departure times and vehicle sizes are simultaneously determined based on the given transfer passengers and their arrival times at a bus terminal. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model with the objective of minimizing the transfer waiting time of served passengers, the transfer failure cost of non-served passengers, and the operating costs of bus companies. In addition to train passengers who plan to transfer to buses, local passengers who intend to board buses are considered and treated as passengers from virtual trains in the proposed model. Passenger attitudes and behaviors toward the waiting queue caused by bus capacity constraints in peak hour demand conditions are explicitly embedded in the MINLP model. A hybrid artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is developed to solve the MINLP model. Various experiments are set up to account for the performance of the proposed model and solution algorithm.

Transient Calculation of Electric Power Circuits with Special Reference to Magnetizing Nonlinearity

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 1650054
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Power Circuit ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Power Circuits ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reduced Scale

This paper proposes a realistic model of magnetizing branches for transient calculation of electric power circuits. The model represents the nonlinear relationship between flux linkage and exciting current of magnetizing branches with a major loop and a family of minor loop trajectories, which has the capability of simulating the multi-valued hysteresis behavior. By applying the proposed model to transient calculation, an efficient algorithm is developed for obtaining the transient responses in electric power circuits. In the algorithm, the electric power circuit is divided into the magnetizing branches and the remaining linear part. The nonlinear differential equations are set up for the magnetizing branches and solved by the semi-explicit Runge–Kutta method. The transient calculation for the remaining linear part is performed on the basis of the solution to the magnetizing branches. Then, a laboratory measurement is made with a reduced-scale experimental arrangement. The measured results are compared with the calculated ones and a reasonable agreement is shown between them.

History and experience of a volunteer ambulance first responder scheme in London

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 344-348
Author(s):  
Saman Al-Sahab ◽  
Aditi Nijhawan ◽  
Tim Kirkby ◽  
Shadman Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Ambulance Service ◽  
First Responder ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Set Up

Emergency responders (ERs) are volunteers who attend category 1 (immediately life-threatening) and category 2 (emergency) 999 calls on behalf of the London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (LAS). ERs aim to arrive first on scene to these incidents to provide essential life-saving interventions prior to the arrival of further ambulance resources. ERs come from a wide range of backgrounds and undergo a thorough selection, training and mentorship process before advancing to working in a two-person ER crew. Compared to most traditional volunteer first responder schemes, the LAS ER scheme, which was set up in 2008, involves an enhanced skillset, dispatch to medical and traumatic emergencies in addition to cardiac arrest, and the use of blue-light vehicles to reduce response times. Over a period of 13 years, the scheme has grown in scope and size, and now operates with more than 120 volunteers based at seven ambulance stations across London.

Causes, Effects, and Consequences of Priority Inversion in Transaction Processing

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvesh Pandey ◽  
Udai Shanker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Transaction Processing ◽  
Priority Inversion ◽  
High Priority Task ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
System Resource ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Time Systems

The problem of priority inversion occurs when a high priority task is required to wait for completion of some other task with low priority as a result of conflict in accessing the shared system resource(s). This problem is discussed by many researchers covering a wide range of research areas. Some of the key research areas are real-time operating systems, real-time systems, real-time databases, and distributed real-time databases. Irrespective of the application area, however, the problem lies with the fact that priority inversion can only be controlled with no method available to eliminate it entirely. In this chapter, the priority inversion-related scheduling issues and research efforts in this direction are discussed. Different approaches and their effectiveness to resolve this problem are analytically compared. Finally, major research accomplishments to date have been summarized and several unanswered research questions have also been listed.

Modeling of Steel Bolted T-Stub Connection under Large Deformation Condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 479-482
Author(s):  
Jin Fan Zhang ◽  
Zhen Yu Wang ◽  
Jian Qun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Deformation Condition ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Spring Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Set Up

Based on the component method of EuroCode3, a new component model to evaluate properties of T-stub connections under large deformation condition has been proposed in this paper. Firstly, the T-stub connection was breakdown into several components. And then those components was equivalent to bilinear springs. Finally the multi-spring model of T-stub connection was set up to describe its load deformation behaviour. With the purpose of verifying and calibrating the proposed model, a series of case studies were carried out and corresponding finite element models has also been set up. Results of FEM and multi-spring model fit well each other. And the applicability of the proposed model can be testified by the parametric study. The method of this paper can describe the behaviour of T-stub connections under large deformation condition, which can be a useful improvement to conventional design codes.

Hydraulic Analytical Model of the BOP Control System to Estimate Related Response Times

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Párraga Quispe ◽  
Segen F. Estefen ◽  
Nilo de Moura Jorge ◽  
Marcelo Igor Lourenço Souza
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Equilibrium Pressure ◽  
Campos Basin ◽  
System Equilibrium ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Blowout Preventer ◽  
Surface Test

During activities of ultra-deepwater exploration using drilling vessels an emergency disconnection between Lower Marine Riser Package (LMRP) and Blowout Preventer (BOP) stack could occur due to extreme environmental conditions. The disconnection is not instantaneous; it takes time due to the discharge of pressurized liquid from the system of hydraulic accumulators and the entire process is known as emergency disconnect sequence — EDS. Therefore, estimate the response time of the BOP control system is important to avoid damages that compromise the drillship safe operation. In this study, the BOP control system uses a hydraulic system constituted of accumulator bottles, a pressure regulator, rams, valves, and connectors. This system is considered to estimate the response time of cutting and sealing the BOP. The response time is estimated by applying the theory of fluid mechanics and Bernoulli equation to calculate the system equilibrium pressure. The accumulators are sized according to API 16 D and considered to have adiabatic behavior. Nitrogen is simulated as real gas. The validation of the proposed model is performed by comparison with a surface test for cutting of drill pipe with blind shear ram. The model is applied to a case study for ultra-deepwater in Campos Basin Brazil.

scholarly journals Computation of Ice Shedding Trajectories Using Cartesian Grids, Penalization, and Level Sets

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héloïse Beaugendre ◽  
François Morency ◽  
Federico Gallizio ◽  
Sophie Laurens
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Level Sets ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cartesian Grids ◽  
Falling Sphere ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Ice Shedding ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Free Falling

We propose to model ice shedding trajectories by an innovative paradigm that is based on cartesian grids, penalization and level sets. The use of cartesian grids bypasses the meshing issue, and penalization is an efficient alternative to explicitly impose boundary conditions so that the body-fitted meshes can be avoided, making multifluid/multiphysics flows easy to set up and simulate. Level sets describe the geometry in a nonparametric way so that geometrical and topological changes due to physics and in particular shed ice pieces are straight forward to follow. The model results are verified against the case of a free falling sphere. The capabilities of the proposed model are demonstrated on ice trajectories calculations for flow around iced cylinder and airfoil.

A Low-Cost, Flexible, Lightweight Video Recording System for Task Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Coles ◽  
Cedric Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Task Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Video Systems ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

The authors report their experience from various task analysis projects in which users have been observed in situ. Solutions for simultaneous video recording, often needed to adequately observe and analyze a workspace, are discussed. Of the various analog- and digital-based solutions, the authors deem a low-cost solution using entry-level computer hardware to produce sufficiently high-fidelity feedback for most task analysis purposes. Such systems can be acquired and set up by novice computer users for a fraction of the cost of broadcast video systems. A case study demonstrates the application of one such inexpensive solution.

Competitiveness analysis through comparative relation mining

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Wang ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Pei Yin ◽  
James Nga-Kwok Liu
Keyword(s):  
Online Reviews ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Consumer Reviews ◽  
Product Features ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Comparative Relations ◽  
Sequence Rule ◽  
Relation Mining

Purpose Comparative opinions widely exist in online reviews as a common way of expressing consumers’ ideas or preferences toward certain products. Such opinion-rich texts are key proxies for detecting product competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to set up a model for competitiveness analysis by identifying comparative relations from online reviews for restaurants based on both pattern matching and machine learning. Design/methodology/approach The authors define the sub-category of comparative sentences according to Chinese linguistics. Classification rules are set up for each type of comparative relations through class sequence rule. To improve the accuracy of classification, a comparative entity dictionary is then introduced for further identifying comparative sentences. Finally, the authors collect reviews for restaurants from Dianping.com to conduct experiments for testing the proposed model. Findings The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms the baseline methods in terms of precision in identifying comparative sentences. On the basis of such comparison-rich sentences, product features and comparative relations are extracted for sentiment analysis, and sentimental score is assigned to each comparative relation to facilitate competitiveness analysis. Research limitations/implications Only the explicit comparative relations are discussed, neglecting the implicit ones. Besides that, the study is grounded in the assumption that all features are homogeneous. In some cases, however, the weights to different aspects are not of the same importance to market. Practical implications On the basis of comparative relation mining, product features and comparative opinions are extracted for competitiveness analysis, which is of interest to businesses for finding weakness or strength of products, as well as to consumers for making better purchase decisions. Social implications Comparative relation mining could be possibly applied in social media for identifying relations among users or products, and ranking users or products, as well as helping companies target and track competitors to enhance competitiveness. Originality/value The authors propose a research framework for restaurant competitiveness analysis by mining comparative relations from online consumer reviews. The results would be able to differentiate one restaurant from another in some aspects of interest to consumers, and reveal the changes in these differences over time.

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