scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profiles and Production in Marine Phytoplankton

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrún Jónasdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Marine Food Web ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Microalgae are the primary producers of carbon in marine ecosystems, fixing carbon and subsequently generating various biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Most importantly, microalgae are the generators and main suppliers of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3PUFA) in the marine ecosystem, which have a fundamental importance for the functioning and quality of the whole marine food web. A meta-analysis of over 160 fatty acid profiles of 7 marine phytoplankton phyla reveals not only a phyla-specific, but also a highly class-specific PUFA production of marine phytoplankton. The highest EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid; 20:5ω3) production per total fatty acids was found in 2 classes of Haptophyta and in Ochrophyta, while Dinophyta and the Haptophyte Emiliana huxleyi show the highest production of DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid; 22:6ω3). An important precursor for EPA, Stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4ω3) is found in high proportions in Cryptophyta and the Chlorophta class Pyramimonadophyceae. Per unit of carbon, Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria were the poorest producers of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). The remaining phyla had a similar HUFA contribution per unit of carbon but with different compositions. The nutritional and environmental effects on the phytoplankton PUFA production is summarized and shows a lowering of the PUFA content under stressful environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids Quality in Middle Eastern Traditional Dishes, Arabic Sweets and Market Foods Frequently Consumed in Lebanon

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2462
Author(s):  
Maha Hoteit ◽  
Edwina Zoghbi ◽  
Alissar Rady ◽  
Iman Shankiti ◽  
Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

The prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases is on the rise in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean, including Lebanon. This study aimed to provide data on fatty acid profiles and ratios of Lebanese composite dishes, Arabic sweets, and market foods. Methods: Thirty types of traditional dishes, collected from five different Lebanese governorates, thirty-seven types of Arabic sweets and forty-six market food products were considered for analysis. Food samples were chemically analyzed for total, unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. The range of total fatty acids in composite dishes, Arabic sweets, and market food products was between 1.2–11.7 g/100 g, 5.3–25.8 g/100 g, and 0.5–100 g/100 g, respectively. Additionally, the range of saturated fatty acids in composite dishes, Arabic sweets, and market food products was between 0.5–4.9 g/100 g, 2.5–23.6 g/100 g and 0.1–56.4 g/100 g, respectively. Furthermore, about 75% of these foods were poor in unsaturated fatty acids. Regarding saturated fatty acid, the polyunsaturated to monounsaturated (P.M.S) ratio was lower than the recommended ratio of 1:1:1 in 96% of samples. To conclude, there is a need to prioritize fat content in foods and consider processing modifications in the food production system with the aim of achieving a higher P:M:S ratio intake among the population.

0253 The effect of frequency of supplementing rumen protected unsaturated fatty acids on blood serum fatty acid profiles in beef heifers and lactating cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 120-121
Author(s):  
E. K. Cook ◽  
M. E. Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
R. E. Ricks ◽  
S. K. Duckett ◽  
N. DiLorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid ◽  
Lactating Cows

The effect of frequency of supplementing rumen-protected unsaturated fatty acids on blood serum fatty acid profiles in beef heifers and lactating cows1

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 2977-2985
Author(s):  
E. K. Cook ◽  
M. E. Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
R. E. Ricks ◽  
S. K. Duckett ◽  
G. C. Lamb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Differentiation of Symphytum Species Using RAPD and Seed Fatty Acid Patterns

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

RAPD and fatty acid profiles, and α-tocoferol contents of the seeds of some Symphytum species were analyzed for their differentiation. Discriminative patterns were found in the examined species. Genotypic characteristics of three Symphytum species were experienced using 20 decamer RAPD primers. The majority of band positions varied between species. The total amplified products of 20 RAPD primers was 247 (average of 12.35 bands per primer), of which 189 bands were polymorphic, corresponding to nearly 76.1% genetic diversity. The number of bands for each RAPD primer varied from 8 (UBC320) to 18 (OPA7). The percent of polymorphic bands ranged from 45.4% (OPJ20) to 93.3% (OPA16). Major unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds were linoleic, γ-linolenic and oleic acids; α-linolenic and eicosenoic acids exhibited lower levels. Variations in quantities and total ratios of fatty acid groups, and α-tocopherol contents were also observed between the species, and the developmental stages of the seeds. Significant differences were found for the whole series of fatty acids between species, in addition to the calculated ratios ( p < 0.05). Differences were also significant for fatty acid traits between two developmental stages of the seeds of endemic S. pseudobulbosum ( p < 0.05). In some morphological descriptors of the seeds, difference was found at a significant level ( p < 0.05). Obtained data based on genetic and biochemical variations seem to be useful for molecular delimitation of Symphytum, in addition to selection of the genotypes expressing a high amount of GLA.

Genotypic Influences on Fatty Acid Profiles and Germinability of Pecan Pollen

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 487b-487
Author(s):  
William R. Nail ◽  
J. Benton Storey ◽  
L.J. Grauke
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Specific Fatty Acid

Pollen of pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] from five protandrous and five protogynous genotypes was analyzed for germinability and fatty acid profile. Fatty acid profiles as a function of genotype were distinctive in all selections, but only three of the genotypes had fatty acid profiles that were easily distinguishable from others by canonical discriminant analysis. Specific fatty acid percentages influenced germination in some genotypes. Total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids influenced pollen germination to a greater degree than individual fatty acids. The effects of fatty acids on pollen germination of protandrous genotypes were opposite those on `Stuart', the only protogynous genotype to be influenced by fatty acid percentages.

Mammary gland and milk fatty acid composition of two dairy goat breeds under feed-restriction

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Palma ◽  
Susana P. Alves ◽  
Lorenzo E. Hernández-Castellano ◽  
Juan Capote ◽  
Noemí Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Acid Percentage

Goat dairy products are an important source of animal protein in the tropics. During the dry season, pasture scarcity leads animals to lose up to 40% of their body weight, a condition known as Seasonal Weight Loss (SWL) that is one of the major constraints in ruminant production. Breeds with high tolerance to SWL are relevant to understand the physiological responses to pasture scarcity so they could be used in programs for animal breeding. In the Canary Islands there are two dairy goat breeds with different levels of tolerance to SWL: the Palmera, susceptible to SWL; and the Majorera, tolerant to SWL. Fat is one of the milk components most affected by environmental and physiological conditions. This study hypothesises that feed-restriction affects Majorera and Palmera breeds differently, leading to different fatty acid profiles in the mammary gland and milk. An interaction between breed and feed-restriction was observed in the mammary gland. Feed-restriction was associated with an increase in oleic acid and a decrease in palmitic acid percentage in the Palmera breed whereas no differences were observed in the Majorera breed. Palmitic and oleic acids together constituted around 60% of the total fatty acids identified, which suggests that Palmera breed is more susceptible to SWL. In milk, feed-restriction affected both breeds similarly. Regarding the interaction of the breed with the treatment, we also observed similar responses in both breeds, but this influence affects only around 2% of the total fatty acids. In general, Majorera breed is more tolerant to feed-restriction.

Characterization of 9 Newly Bred Peanut Genotypes for Seed Fatty Acid Profiles Suitable for Biodiesel Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1134-1137
Author(s):  
Qing Yun Zhang ◽  
Xiu Zhen Wang ◽  
Yue Yi Tang ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Quan Xi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Seed Fatty Acid ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acids

Nine newly bred peanut genotypes from our research group were analyzed for their seed fatty acid composition. Oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids were 3 major fatty acids in peanut seed oil, together constituting 89.65%-91.83% of total fatty acids in peanut seeds. Five of the peanut lines/cultivars tested had an oleate to linoleate ratio (O/L) of 19.11-31.37, and may be classified as high-oleic, providing good sources for biodiesel production. Of them, 12L48 is most promising due to its high productivity and saline tolerance.

Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of Synchronized Synechococcus leopoliensis

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Döhler ◽  
Günter Datz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Synechococcus Leopoliensis ◽  
Dark Regime ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Abstract The cyanobacterium Synechococcus leopoliensis (Anacystis nidulans, strain L 1402-1) grown at 39 °C and 2 vol. % CO : could be synchronized by a light/dark regime of 3:5 h (white light intensity 1.5 × 104 erg cm-2 sec-1). Content of pigments (chlorophyll a. phycocyanin and carotenoids), R N A and proteins increased linearly up to 100% at the end of the light period while DNA synthesis was lower. Chlorophyll a synthesis was correlated to the photosystem I activity of the isolated thylakoids and to the formation of MGD G . Galacto lipids were synthesized in the light period, only. A lag phase of 2h was observed in the biosynthesis of SQDG and PG. No significant differences were found between the cell and thylakoid fractions. Palmitic (C16:0), hexadecenoic (C16:1) and octadecenoic (C18:1) acid as major com ponents accounted for more than 90% of total fatty acids in MGD G , DGDG and SQDG . PG contains a small amount of stearic (C18:0) and heptadecenoic (C17:1) acid. No significant variations in the fatty acid distribution of all lipids could be detected in the cell fraction during the division cycle. Changes in the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids were found in isolated thylakoids. only. In experiments with [14C]bicarbonate main radioactivity was measured in galacto lipids while using [14C]acetate SQDG and PG were markedly [14C]labelled. Results were discussed with reference to the findings of eucaryotic algae and the formation of photosynthetic membranes.

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