Glycerin and cashew and castor oils inclusion in the diets of Purunã bulls finished in feedlot on fatty acid percentage in the Longissimus dorsi

This work was carried out to study the glycerin and cashew and castor oils inclusion as natural additives on fatty acid composition of perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and muscle Longissimus thoracis of Purunã bulls finished in feedlot for 252 days. A total of 32 Purunã bulls (11-12 ± 2.0 months; 202.8 ± 14.4 kg) were finished in feedlot with 4 diets (n = 8): CONT – basal diet; VOIL – basal diet and inclusion of vegetable oils (3 g/animal/day); GLYC – basal diet and inclusion of glycerin (20.1% glycerin in DM basis); GLVO – basal diet and inclusion of glycerin (20.1% glycerin in DM basis) and vegetal oils (3 g/animal/day). Glycerin inclusion reduced SFA, MUFA and PUFA levels in the diets. Glycerin and vegetable oils inclusion in the diets of bulls finished in feedlot did not change (P > 0.05) lauric, myristic, palmitic, docosanoic, n-7-tetradecenoic, palmitoleic, n-11 trans-vaccenic, oleic, n-7 cis-vaccenic, cis-9, t11 – CLA, n-3 docosapentaenoic and n-3 docosahexaenoic fatty acids levels in perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus thoracis muscle of bulls finished in feedlot. However, glycerin inclusion in the diets increased (P < 0.05) pentadecanoic, margaric and n-9, cis-10 heptadecanoic fatty acids levels when compared of perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus thoracis muscle of bulls fed CONT and VOIL diets. On the other hand, glycerin inclusion decreased (P < 0.05) linoleic fatty acid in perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus thoracis muscle in comparison of CONT and VOIL diets. Glycerin and vegetables oils inclusion in the diets did not alter (P > 0.05) SFA and MUFA levels in perirenal fat from bulls fed four diets. The PUFA, n-6 and n-3 levels and PUFA:SFA and n-6:n-3 ratios were similar (P > 0.05) between perirenal fat of bulls fed CONT and VOIL diets and greater (P < 0.05) when compared of perirenal fat from bulls fed GLYC and GLVO diets. SFA, MUFA levels and n-6 and n-3 ratios were similar (P > 0.05) among all diets. PUFA and MUFA levels in fat subcutaneous and n-6:n3 ratio were similar (P > 0.05) between GLYC and GLVO diets, but greater than CONT and GLYC diets. Total fatty acids sum levels in Longissimus thoracis muscle were similar (P > 0.05) among bulls from all diets, except the lowest levels in bulls from GLYC and GLVO diets in comparison to CONT and VOIL diets. In conclusion glycerin inclusion in the diets modifies fatty acids in fat and muscle of bulls finished in feed-lot.

Flavouring Extra-Virgin Olive Oil with Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Essential Oils Stabilizes Oleic Acid Composition during Photo-Oxidative Stress

Essential oils (EOs) from medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) are well-known as natural antioxidants. Their addition to extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) can contribute to reducing fat oxidation. The main aim of this study was to improve both food shelf-life and aromatic flavour of EVOO, adding different EOs of Sicilian accessions of common sage, oregano, rosemary and thyme. The morphological and production characteristics of 40 accessions of MAPs were preliminarily assessed. EOs from the most promising accessions of MAPs were analysed by gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry. Photo-oxidative studies of the EOs were carried out and the determination of the EVOO fatty acids obtained from 4 Italian olive varieties was also made. EO content was on average 1.45% (v/w) for common sage, 3.97% for oregano, 1.42% for rosemary and 5.90% for thyme accessions. The highest average EO yield was found in thyme (172.70 kg ha−1) whilst the lowest (9.30 kg ha−1) in rosemary accessions. The chemical composition of EOs was very different in the four MAPs in the study. No significant change of oleic acid percentage was detected in the mixture of EVOO with EO samples. The results seem to highlight the presence of an antioxidant effect of EOs on EVOO.

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE TOPICAL PREPARATION OF BULUNG SANGU (Gracilaria spp) EXTRACT

Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria spp) as many other macroalgae, is a source of beneficial phytochemical for health. Phytochemicals in macroalgae are widely used as active ingredients in cosmetic preparations. The study was aimed to determine the antioxidant properties of Bulung Sangu formulated in topical preparation. Bulung Sangu was macerated in ethanol 96% following by extract formulation in cream preparation in two concentrations: 5% and 10%. Antioxidant activity was determined against DPPH radical, compared to ascorbic acid. Percentage of reducing power in five concentration series (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 µm/ml) statistical analyzes using one-way ANOVA with 95% of confidence level, following by IC50 measurement. Absorbance was read in wavelength of 517 nm. Concentration of 5% and 10% cream extract exhibited IC50 of 13,091 µg/ml and 11,867 µg/ml, respectively. These values are lower than IC50 of ascorbic acid (18,505 µg/ml), indicating the strong antioxidant properties of Bulung Sangu extract cream which is more potential than ascorbic acid. Bulung Sangu exhibit a potential source for being developed as medicine and cosmetics in topical preparation.

PENGARUH SPORT MASSAGE TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM LAKTAT PADA KOP SEPAK BOLA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA

ABSTRAK Perlakukan sport massage dalam suatu proses pemulihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penurunan kadar asam laktat pada tubuh dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektifitas penurunan kadar asam laktat secara manual yaitu sport massage. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan one group pretest dan postes design. Adapun perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan small sided games satu lawan satu dengan waktu satu kali perlakuan 45 detik dan waktu istirahat 90 detik, dan dilakukan selama 4 kali. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dimulai dengan mengukur kadar asam laktat setelah sampel melakukan tes sebanyak 4 kali, hal itu dijadikan sebagai data awal. Kemudian sampel diberikan treatment selama 30 menit, dan hasilnya dijadikan sebagai data akhir. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah diperoleh bahwa perlakuan sport massage terbukti dapat menurunkan kadar asam laktat lebih efektif. Hal itu dapat dilihat dari hasil tes akhir pada asam laktat sport massage dengan persentase penuruan asam laktat sebesar 62%. Kata kunci : Sport Massage, Asam Laktat ABSTRACT Sports massage treatment in a recovery process. This study aims to determine the level of decrease in levels of lactic acid in the body and to determine the comparison of the effectiveness of reducing levels of lactic acid manually, namely sports massage. This research was conducted with one group pretest and posttest design approaches. The treatment in this study was the use of one-on-one small sided games with a time of 45 seconds treatment and 90 seconds rest time, and carried out for 4 times. The data collection of this study began by measuring the level of lactic acid after the sample was tested 4 times, it was used as preliminary data. Then the sample is given treatment for 30 minutes, and the results are used as the final data. The results of this study were obtained that the treatment of sports massage was proven to reduce levels of lactic acid more effectively. It can be seen from the results of the final test on lactic acid sports massage with a decrease in lactic acid percentage of 62%. Keyword : Sport Massage, Level Of Lactic Acid

Characterization of the Physicochemical Property of Blend of Butanol and Octanol with Biodiesel

Energy is the major concern around the world not because it is limited availability of petroleum fuel but also due to its environmental effects, greenhouse gas emissions and ozone layer depletion. The compression ignition engine widely used in the agriculture, transportation, electric generation sector which mainly driven by fossil diesel. To counter the cause produce by fossil diesel use and its limited resources, bio-derived fuel may play a major role to fulfill the requirement. But, it has been observed that higher viscosity of biodiesel leads to poor atomization and improper mixing of fuel with air. The poor Combustion, higher viscosity, higher emission of NOx , low break thermal efficiency of biodiesel, the high cost of production are the main impediment in the preferment of the use of bio-diesel. To mitigate the problem of use of biodiesel blending of higher alcohol in biodiesel may offer a potential solution. Hence in this study Jatropha biodiesel has been blended with n-butanol and n-octanol alcohol by volume 10%, 20%, and 30%. i.e. JME90B10, JME80B20, JME70B30, JME90O10, JME80O20, JME70O30 and evaluate the physicochemical properties i.e. Kinematic viscosity, calorific value, cetane index, cold flow property and oxygen stability as per ASTM standard and compare with diesel and biodiesel. However, blends have a higher viscosity than diesel. But this fuel is bio-degradable in nature, help to diminish carbon footprint and has low emission outlines as compared to petroleum diesel. Usage of a combination of bio-fuel will allow a balance to be sought between agriculture, industrialization, transportation and the environment. GC-MS analysis of JME show 29.64% saturated acid and 69.25% of mono unsaturated acid. The properties of biodiesel depend upon the variation of acid percentage. Overall property of blend comparable with fossil diesel it may substitute the diesel.

Karakteristik Dangke Susu Kerbau dengan Penambahan Crude Papain Kering

Dangke is traditional food from Enrekang, South Sulawesi, which is made from coagulated buffalo milk or cow milk protein by using crude papain. There is limited information about characteristics of dangke from buffalo milk than those from cow milk. The characteristics of dangke is affected by the addition of crude papain. This study was aimed to explore the effect of crude papain addition to curd dangke production, percentage of whey and taste of dangke from buffalo milk. This study was conducted by using complete randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions. Treatments consist of the addition of crude papain in different concentration: 0.5%; 1%; 1.5% and 2.0%. This study howed that curd dangke production range was 41.38- 52.20; pH range was 6.92- 6.96; lactic acid percentage range is 0.15-0.70; curd dangke's colour range was 1.35 (white)- 1.50 (white); smell range was 2.50 (mild dangke' smell)- 3.55 (mild dangke' smell); taste range was 2.10 (bitter)- 4.60 (not bitter) and preference level range was 2.00 (dislike)- 3.90 (like). This study revealed that the best quality of dangke from buffalo milk was derived from treatments with addition of 1% crude papain. Physicochemistry characteristics from our dangke: curd dangke production was 43.94%; whey percentage was 51.14; pH was 6.96; lactic acid percentage was 0.15. Organoleptic characteristics: curd dangke's colour was 1.45 (white), smell was 2.55 (mild dangke' smell), taste was 4.10 (slightly bitter) and preference level was 3.55 (like).

Development of Betamethasone Dipropionate-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Topical and Transdermal Delivery

Introduction: Betamethasone dipropionate is a highly effective corticosteroid anti-inflammatory. However, the main drawback of its topical use is the limited skin penetration into deeper skin layers. Also, its systemic use has shown many side effects. </P><P> Objective: The goal of this research was to formulate betamethasone dipropionate in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) formulae that contain oleic acid to aid its penetration to deeper skin layers and to aid absorption to local regions upon topical application. </P><P> Methods: NLC formulae were prepared by high shear homogenization then sonication. Formulae were characterized for their particle size, size distribution, electric potential, occlusion factor, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, and ex vivo skin penetration. Compatibility of ingredients with drug was tested using differential scanning calorimetry. Formulae were shown to have appropriate characteristics. NLC formulae were superior to traditional topical formulation in drug release. </P><P> Results: Upon testing ex vivo skin penetration, betamethasone dipropionate prepared in NLC formulae was shown to penetrate more efficiently into skin layers than when formulated as a traditional cream. NLC formulation that contained higher percentage of oleic acid showed higher penetration and higher amount of drug to pass through skin. </P><P> Conclusion: In general, NLC with lower oleic acid percentage was shown to deliver betamethasone dipropionate more efficiently into deeper skin layers while that of a higher oleic acid percentage was shown to deliver the drug more efficiently into deeper skin layers and through the skin, transdermally.

PS01.061: LAPAROSCOPIC ENDOSTIM PLACEMENT: CASE REPORT

Background GERD is a mechanical disorder that is caused by a dysfunction of the LES, dysfunction of the gastric emptying or an anomalous esophageal peristalsis. Methods We present the case of a 36-year-old male patient with intermittent heartburn, regurgitation, retrosternal pain and dysphagia. UE reports grade D esophagitis, manometry and pHmetry reporting DeMeester 21.1, acid percentage of 5.8%. Normal Motility and LES in 9 mmHg. Nissen-type fundoplication was performed without complications and with resolution of symptoms. 4 years later the patient begins with recurrent symptoms. Esophagitis in UE. DeMeester 20. EEI 7.7 mmHg. 80% Useful Motility. Nissen type fundoplication is redo. Nine years later the patient starts again with symptoms. Progressive deterioration of esophageal motility in manometry is documented. UE with grade D esophagitis, DeMeester 10, manometry reporting LES with normal resting pressure and coordinated relaxation with pharyngeal contraction. Peristalsis wave failure of 100% of swallows, in relation to absent peristalsis; Results Placement of Endostim was performed and patient was discharged without complications, Patient 1 month later without GERD symptoms. Conclusion Approximately 10 to 40% of patients with GERD fail to respond in their symptomatology despite medical treatment. Surgical indications for GERD consist of failure to medical treatment, poor adherence to the patient's treatment, high volume reflux, severe esophagitis, benign stenosis and Barret's esophagus. Treatment consists of fundoplication in its different variants. However 10% to 20% of patients present with persistent symptoms and 3% to 5% require surgical reoperation. Endostim is a minimally invasive therapy which normalizes the function of the LES through neurostimulation. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Effect of sowing dates and late season water deficit stress on quantitative and qualitative traits of canola cultivars

To investigate the effects of sowing dates and late season water deficit stress on quantitative and qualitative traits of different canola cultivars, a 2-year field experiment was carried out in the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 growing seasons. The experimental factors consisted of sowing date at two levels (7th and 27th October), irrigation at two levels (full irrigation and irrigation termination at silique formation stage) and four German canola cultivars including Trapper, Makro, Smilla, and Agamax. The results indicated that the main effects of sowing date, irrigation, and cultivar were significant on all studied characteristics except for harvest index. The interaction between sowing date and irrigation was also statistically significant on silique number per plant, oil percentage, linolenic acid, and erucic acid percentage. The results demonstrated that seed yield and its components oil percentage and oil yield, as well as oleic and linoleic acid percentage, decreased when sowing date was delayed until 27th October. Due to irrigation termination, all the studied traits decreased except for linolenic and erucic acid. Seed yield also decreased. The results suggest that to improve seed and oil yield, canola should be sown on 7th October and fully irrigated until physiological maturity stage in the study area.