scholarly journals Haloferax mediterranei Cells as C50 Carotenoid Factories

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Micaela Giani ◽  
Zaida Montero-Lobato ◽  
Inés Garbayo ◽  
Carlos Vílchez ◽  
José M. Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Haloferax Mediterranei ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Deficient Medium ◽  
One Step

Haloarchaea produce C50 carotenoids such as bacterioruberin, which are of biotechnological in-terest. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different environmental and nutritional conditions on the cellular growth and dynamics of carotenoids accumulation in Haloferax mediterranei. The maximum production of carotenoids (40 µg·mL−1) was obtained during the stationary phase of growth, probably due to nutrient-limiting conditions (one-step culture). By seven days of culture, 1 mL culture produced 22.4 mg of dry weight biomass containing 0.18 % (w/w) of carotenoids. On the other hand, carbon-deficient cultures (low C/N ratio) were observed to be optimum for C50 bacterioruberin production by Hfx. mediterranei, but negatively affected the growth of cells. Thus, a two-steps process was evaluated for optimum carotenoids yield. In the first step, a nutri-ent-repleted culture medium enabled the haloarchaea to produce biomass, while in the second step, the biomass was incubated under osmotic stress and in a carbon-deficient medium. Under the conditions used, the obtained biomass contained 0.27% (w/w) of carotenoids after seven days, which accounts for 58.49 µg·mL−1 of carotenoids for a culture with turbidity 14.0.

scholarly journals Vitrification of Crabapple, Pear, and Geum on Gellan Gum-solidified Culture Medium

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1648-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Turner ◽  
Suman Singha
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Malus Baccata

Shoots of `Almey' crabapple [Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. × M. pumila var. niedzwetzkyana (Dieck) Schneid.], `Seckel' pear (Pyrus communis L.), and `Mrs. Bradshaw' geum (Geum quellyon Sweet.) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 8.8 μm BA and containing 0.1% to 0.4% Gelrite. Comparative shoot proliferation and vitrification were determined on Phytagar-solidified medium. Shoot proliferation, culture fresh weight, and vitrification declined in crabapple and geum with increasing Gelrite concentration. Pear proliferation and fresh weight increased with increasing Gelrite levels, but all shoots were vitrified. There were differences in the vitrification response between pear and the other two genera. The percent dry weight of vitrified cultures on Gelrite-containing media was generally higher than that of nonvitrified cultures on medium containing Phytagar. Vitrification precludes using low Gelrite concentrations for propagating these plants. Chemical name used: N-(phenylmethyl) -1H-purin-6-amine (BA).

STUDIES OF NECTAR SECRETION IN EXCISED FLOWERS: I.THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL CONDITIONS ON QUANTITY AND COMPOSITION OF NECTAR

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Shuel
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Flower Nectar ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Nectar Sugar

Nectar secretion was studied in excised flowers of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) grown in culture solution during the secretory period. The supply of sugar to the flower was regulated by varying the sugar concentration of the culture medium or the volume of medium entering the flower. Nectar sugar yield, as well as flower dry weight, was closely related to the sugar supply. Concentration of sugar in the nectar was almost identical with that of the medium, suggesting that osmotic work was not done by the nectaries. Sucrose consistently supported much higher yields of nectar than any of the other sugars tested, though many of the other sugars appeared to be assimilated as readily by the flower as sucrose. Sugar transformations occurred in nectar of flowers cultured on sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and raffinose, but not in flowers supplied with xylose or sorbose. Sucrose spots were usually found in chromatograms of nectar in which transformations occurred. Despite the lack of evidence for the performance of osmotic work, the data are considered to support the recent suggestion by Frey-Wyssling that secretion results from metabolic activity in the nectary.

Mechanical Behavior of Aged Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Ying Kai Chou ◽  
Leu Wen Tsay ◽  
Ying Chiao Wang ◽  
Chun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
One Step ◽  
Notched Tensile Strength ◽  
The One ◽  
A Minor

The effect of aging treatments on the mechanical behavior of Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al (Ti153) alloy was evaluated in the present study. Properties of the two-step aged specimens were also compared with those of the one-step aged specimens. The second aging treatment, which was performed at 426o°C for 24 h, apparently raised the tensile strength at the expense of the notched tensile strength for the specimens previously aged at 426°C or below. On the other hand, the second-step aging had a minor effect on further hardening of the specimens prior to aging at 538°C and 593°C. In general, theJ-integral value (fracture toughness) had the same trend as that of the notch brittleness of the specimens. Overall, the specimens subjected to the two-step aging treatment did not show any advantage over the specimens subject to one-step aging treatment.

scholarly journals Ação do fluoreto de sódio sobre a formação de depósitos, “in vitro”, por bactérias placogênicas

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Eduardo Roberto Corrêa de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
External Factor ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Agent

The author investigated the action of sodium fluoride at the concentration of 9,2% and 1 ppm of flúor (respectively used as mouthrinses and added to water consumed by population, in dental caries prevention) "in vitro", on dental plaque forming bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, samples AHT and IB). These concentrations were selected for the present study because its application does not require previous dental prophylaxis. Thus, any possible change in the deposit formation would be the result of the action caused by the chemical agent and not by any other external factor. The developed technique was based on the determination, by dry weight of the material placed over "STICKS" of stainless steel kept inside the culture medium, where the bacteria grew. The results did not show any statistically significant changes (at the Ievel of l%) when 1 ppm of fluor was added to the cultures. On the other hand, it was noticed a reduction statistically significant (at the level of 1%), in the deposit accumulated when it was added sodium fluoride at 0.2%.

scholarly journals Using plant tissue culture technique to evaluate of three genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) to salinity tolerance.

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Abd A. S. ◽  
Aljibouri A. A. M. ◽  
Mahmoud S. N. ◽  
Duha M. Mejeed ◽  
Al-Hussini Z. A.
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Ca Ions ◽  
Proline Concentration

he effect of five levels of sodium chloride (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2) % on callus initiated from immature embryos of three genotypes of Triticum aestivum L. (I.E.Tamose 2, Rabeia, genotype 20) were investigated. Callus fresh and dry weight, cell contents of proline, carbohydrate as well as Na, Cl, K and Ca ions were used as parameters to determine the effect of NaCl on callus culture. The results showed Significant differences between genotypes in the most parameters studies significant reduction in callus fresh and dry weight as well as callus content of K, Ca ions and carbohydrate with NaCl concentration increased in the medium . On the other hand proline concentration Na and Cl ions were significant increased with NaCl concentration increased in the culture medium. Significant interactions were recorded between genotypes and salt concentration in their parameters.

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping data

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Šlachta ◽  
Jan Frelich ◽  
Tomáš Tonka
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Nested Anova ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Dung Decomposition

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping dataAn analysis of data on the dry weight biomass of coprophagous beetles in standardized dung (4.5 l) was conducted in order to characterize the spatial and the seasonal distribution of the beetles' biomass in cattle pastures and to elucidate their function in dung decomposition. Nested Anova with factors of farm, site (nested in farm), seasonal period and year was used to evaluate the effect of these factors on the biomass of four functional species groups: the dung dwellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyAphodiinae), the dung dwellers ofHydrophilidae, the small tunnellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyCoprinae) and the large tunnellers ofGeotrupidae. The spatial variation of biomass (between the sites and the farms) was insignificant (P>0.05) in the two dung-dweller groups and in the large-tunnellers group. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) seasonal variation of biomass was found in all but the large tunneller group. In dung dwellers, the spring biomass was formed mainly by two species,Aphodius prodromusandA. sphacelatus. In summer, most of the biomass was accounted for bySphaeridium lunatum, S. scarabaeoidesandA. rufipes. In the two tunneller groups,Onthophagus fracticornis, Geotrupes stercorariusandG. spinigerformed a majority of the biomass in dung.

Interrelationship of Jatharagni and Dhatvagni in context to Dhatvagni Pradoshaj Vikaras.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishor G. Satani ◽  
Hemang Raghvani ◽  
Kunjal Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Basic Concept ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Structural Relationship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
One Step ◽  
Material Form

The concept of Agni is basic concept of Ayurveda. Agni is believed to be the agency for any kind of transformation. Maharshi Vagbhatta says that each of the Dosha, Dhatu, Mala etc. have their own Agni. This is how the number of Agni cannot be limited. Though each and every Agni has its own importance, Dehagni or Jatharagni is the most important one as all other Agnis are depended upon Dehagni. Acharya Vagbhatta says that proper function of every Dhatvagni is depended on the Jatharagni. Increase or decrease of Jatharagni directly affects the function of Dhatvagni. Thus, Maharshi Charaka established functional relationship among Jatharagni and other Agnis. Maharshi Vagbhattta goes one step ahead of Maharshi Charaka by using word “Amsha” means; moieties of Kayagni, located to in its own place, are distributed to and permeate to all the Dhatus. A decrease of it (below the normal) makes for an increase of the Dhatus, while an increase of it (above the normal) makes for a decrease of a Dhatus. This shows structural relationship too, between Jatharagni and Dhatvagni as “Amsha” always indicates Murtatva or material form. Further more all these Agnis are connected with each other and due to this relationship, vitiation of Jatharagni results in vitiation of all the other Agnis.

scholarly journals Innovative Ultrasound-Assisted Approaches towards Reduction of Heavy Metals and Iodine in Macroalgal Biomass

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Estefanía Noriega-Fernández ◽  
Izumi Sone ◽  
Leire Astráin-Redín ◽  
Leena Prabhu ◽  
Morten Sivertsvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laminaria Hyperborea ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Macroalgal Biomass ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
I 31

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of ultrasound (US), alone or in combination with mild heating and/or EDTA towards reduction of As, Cd, I, and Hg content of Laminaria hyperborea. Concentrations of As, Cd, I, and Hg of 56.29, 0.596, 7340, and <0.01 mg kg−1 of dry weight, respectively, were found in L. hyperborea blades. Treatment with US at 50 °C increased approx. 2-fold the amount of As released, although did not affect significantly the content of Cd or I, as compared to control (no US) samples. Reducing the temperature to 8 °C significantly decreased the effect of US, but heating at 80 °C did not cause a significant effect as compared to treatments at 50 °C. On the other hand, treatment with 0.1 N EDTA at 50 °C enhanced the percentage of Cd released by approximately 7-fold, regardless of sonication. In the present work, the combination of US and EDTA at 50 °C for 5 min led to a significant reduction of the As (32%), Cd (52%) and I (31%) content in L. hyperborea, thus improving the product’s safety for consumers.

What participles are a mixture of

Linguistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Van Eynde
Keyword(s):  
Phrase Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Phrase Structure Grammar ◽  
Mixed Nature

Abstract It is commonly assumed that participles show a mixture of verbal and adjectival properties, but the issue of how this mixed nature can best be captured is anything but settled. Analyses range from the purely adjectival to the purely verbal with various shades in between. This lack of consensus is at least partly due to the fact that participles are used in a variety of ways and that an analysis which fits one of them is not necessarily equally plausible for the other. In an effort to overcome the resulting fragmentation this paper proposes an analysis that covers all uses of the participles, from the adnominal over the predicative to the free adjunct uses, including also the nominalized ones. To keep it feasible we focus on one language, namely Dutch. With the help of a treebank we first identify the uses of the Dutch participles and describe their properties in informal terms. In a second step we provide an analysis in terms of the notation of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar. A key property of the analysis is the differentiation between core uses and grammaticalized uses. The treatment of the latter is influenced by insights from Grammaticalization Theory.

scholarly journals MITOTIC CROSSING OVER AND NONDISJUNCTION IN TRANSLOCATION HETEROZYGOTES OF ASPERGILLUS

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-627
Author(s):  
Etta Käfer
Keyword(s):  
Selective Advantage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Translocation Chromosome ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Selective Marker ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Diploid Genotype ◽  
One Step

ABSTRACT To analyze mitotic recombination in translocation heterozygotes of A. nidulans two sets of well-marked diploids were constructed, homo- or heterozygous for the reciprocal translocations T1(IL;VIIR) or T2(IL;VIIIR) and heterozygous for selective markers on IL. It was found that from all translocation heterozygotes some of the expected mitotic crossover types could be selected. Such crossovers are monosomic for one translocated segment and trisomic for the other and recovery depends on the relative viabilities of these unbalanced types. The obtained segregants show characteristically reduced growth rates and conidiation dependent on sizes and types of mono- and trisomic segments, and all spontaneously produce normal diploid sectors. Such secondary diploid types either arose in one step of compensating crossing over in the other involved arm, or—more conspicuously—in two steps of nondisjunction via a trisomic intermediate.—In both of the analyzed translocations the segments translocated to IL were extremely long, while those translocated from IL were relatively short. The break in I for T1(I;VII) was located distal to the main selective marker in IL, while that of T2(I;VIII) had been mapped proximal but closely linked to it. Therefore, as expected, the selected primary crossover from the two diploids with T2(I;VIII) in coupling or in repulsion to the selective marker, showed the same chromosomal imbalance and poor growth. These could however be distinguished visually because they spontaneously produced different trisomic intermediates in the next step, in accordance with the different arrangement of the aneuploid segments. On the other hand, from diploids heterozygous for T1(I;VII) mitotic crossovers could only be selected when the selective markers were in coupling with the translocation; these crossovers were relatively well-growing and produced frequent secondary segregants of the expected trisomic, 2n+VII, type. For both translocations it was impossible to recover the reciprocal crossover types (which would be trisomic for the distal segments of I and monosomic for most of groups VII or VIII) presumably because these were too inviable to form conidia.—In addition to the selected segregants of expected types a variety of unexpected ones were isolated. The conditions of selection used favour visual detection of aneuploid types, even if these produce only a few conidial heads and are not at a selective advantage. For T2(I;VIII) these "non-selected" unbalanced segregants were mainly "reciprocal" crossovers of the same phenotype and imbalance as the selected ones. For T1(I;VII) two quite different types were obtained, both possibly originating with loss of the small VII-Itranslocation chromosome. One was isolated when the selective marker in repulsion to T1(I;VII) was used and, without being homo- or hemizygous for the selective marker, it produced stable sectors homozygous for this marker. The other was obtained from both coupling and repulsion diploids and showed a near-diploid genotype; it produced practically only haploid stable sectors of the type expected from monosomics, 2n-1 for the short translocation chromosome.

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