scholarly journals Concordance in mSEGA Tool to Frailty Diagnosis between Medical Doctors and Nurses

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar ◽  
Ibrahima Amadou Dembélé
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Triage Nurse ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Subjective Opinion ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Medical Histories

Introduction: It is currently considered that screening for frailty in elderly subjects is a major public health issue. Methods: a cross-sectional pilot study involving elderly subjects (over 75 years of age) admitted at the emergency department of the hospital of Troyes, France in the period from August 24th to August 30th, 2017 was conducted. The patients were screened for frailty using the modified SEGA (Short Emergency Geriatric Assessment) (part A) grid (mSEGA), correlated with the subjective opinion of the triage nurse and the senior physician. Results: 100 patients were included during the pilot study period, the mean age was 84.34 years (range: 75–97), 56 patients (56%) were female, and the average CHARLSON score was 4.28 (range: 0–11). The patients’ previous medical histories were remarkable for cardiovascular diseases. The main reason for hospital admission was fall (26 subjects, 26%). Hospitalization was required for 52 subjects (52%). The average mSEGA score was 6.3 +/−3.59. The completion time for the SEGAm (part A) score was about 5 minutes. According to Cohen’s kappa, the concordance between the subjective opinion of the triage nurse and the mSEGA grid was average, while the concordance between the subjective opinions of the senior physicians was good. Conclusion: The mSEGA score appears to be well-suited and useful in the emergency department. It is easy to use, allows an overall evaluation of the patient, and is not time-consuming.

scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Factors in Homosexuals and Bisexuals in Granada (Spain) During the Period 2000–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llavero-Molino ◽  
Sánchez-Ocón ◽  
Pérez-Morente ◽  
Espadafor-López ◽  
Martín-Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Bisexual Population ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Clinical Records

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health issue. Previous research shows the vulnerability of the homosexual and bisexual population, as well as the influence of economic, political, and cultural determinants. The aim of this study was to describe the socio-demographic healthcare profile and the main risk factors associated with STIs in homosexuals and bisexuals seen at the STI clinic in Granada (Spain) during the years 2000–2015. Infection prevalences were compared between the economic crisis period (2008–2014) and the rest of the years analysed. A cross-sectional observational and analytical study was conducted by reviewing 261 clinical records of individuals with suspected or present infection. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. 91.2% of the individuals were men, and 8.8% were women, with the mean age being 28.61 (SD = 9.35, Range = 17–74) years old. The prevailing sexual orientation identity was homosexual. 94.2% were single. The main reason for consultation was HIV. Differences in prevalence were found between crisis and non-crisis years (OR = 3.91; 95% CI = 1.73–9.19). In conclusion, their profile was that of a young, single man suspecting possible HIV infection. STI prevalence was significantly higher in the years of economic recession in comparison to the rest of the years.

scholarly journals Adulterants in crack cocaine in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ribeiro ◽  
Alisson Paulino Trevizol ◽  
Rosana Frajzinger ◽  
Ariadne Ribeiro ◽  
Hannelore Speierl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Introduction Brazil is the world’s biggest consumer of crack cocaine, and dependence is a major public health issue. This is the first study to investigate the prevalence of potentially harmful adulterants present in hair samples from Brazilian patients with crack cocaine dependence. Method We evaluated adulterants in hair samples extracted by convenience from 100 patients admitted at the 48 hour-observation unit of Centro de Referência de Álcool, Tabaco e Outras Drogas (CRATOD), Brazil’s largest center for addiction treatment. A cross-sectional analysis was performed with the data obtained. Results Adulterants were found in 97% of the analyzed hair samples. The most prevalent adulterant was lidocaine (92%), followed by phenacetin (69%) and levamisole (31%). Conclusion Adulterants were widely prevalent in hair samples from crack users treated at CRATOD: at least one adulterant was present in virtually all the hair samples collected. This points to a need to monitor adverse effects in the clinical setting in order to provide this high-risk group of patients with prompt and effective care related to the acute and chronic complications associated with these adulterants.

scholarly journals Comparison of level of awareness regarding eye donation among medical, engineering and law students in Jammu, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3663
Author(s):  
Angli Manhas ◽  
Rameshwar S. Manhas ◽  
Gaurav S. Manhas ◽  
Dinesh Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Corneal Transplantation ◽  
Medical Engineering ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Eye Donation

Background: Blindness due to cornea is a major public health issue, especially in developing countries like India. Corneal transplantation is the treatment for restoring vision in corneal blind patients. The aim of present study was to compare the level of awareness regarding eye donation among medical, engineering and law students.Methods: The present cross sectional, comparative study involved students following their respective courses (1st final year) from October 2017 to December 2017. Out of 168 students, 60 were medical, 56 were engineering and 52 were law students. The study started with initial clarification of questions and those who were willing to participate, were requested to fill the semi-structure pilot tested questionnaire form on eye donation with informed consent.Results: All the students were aware of eye donation, but medical students were much aware on various parameters. The most powerful information tool to reach out all the students was television whereas among medical ophthalmology is one of subject they study in their respective course which provide them maximum knowledge regarding eye donation.Conclusions: Level of awareness and knowledge regarding eye donation is much better among medical students (MBBS) in comparison with engineering and law students. Thus, professionals (medical doctors, engineers and lawyers) should be actively involved in creating awareness regarding eye donation and hence play vital role to reach out people for optimum benefit.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption in Urban Settings in the Surrounding Area of a University in Bogotá. Results of a Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Nicolás Pavajeau ◽  
Daniela Arias ◽  
Maria Camila Echeverria ◽  
Paula Aranguren ◽  
Luisa Natalia Gutérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol Outlets ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
The University

Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to characterize the perceptions of university students regarding alcohol consumption and the availability of alcohol outlets in the urban perimeter of a university in Bogota. Methods: A mixed cross-sectional study was conducted among 201 undergraduate students aged 18-27 using a non-probabilistic sampling design. The perceptions regarding alcohol consumption in the surrounding area of the university were assessed via a self-reported questionnaire. Geographic Information Systems were used to identify the alcohol outlets. Results: Of the students surveyed, 66% reported that they had consumed alcohol in the surrounding area of the university, and 26% agreed with the implementation of strict measures to control alcohol consumption, with a higher percentage in those who did not consume alcohol (41.2%). The geographic analysis showed that several urban attributes were correlated with alcohol consumption. Conclusion: The results of this study show the potential influence that the availability of alcohol outlets near a university campus has as a public health issue. Further studies should be conducted in order to better understand the links between urban contexts near universities and alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Toxicologic Exposures in California Emergency Departments in 2011 and Its Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1139-1145
Author(s):  
Shahram Loftipour ◽  
Connie Au ◽  
Soheil Saadat ◽  
Tim Bruckner ◽  
Parvati Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Native American ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Ed Visits

Introduction: Toxicologic exposures (TE) are a major preventable public health issue, with most cases due to unintentional causes. Although these cases are well documented and reported via the National Poison Data System, there is little information regarding toxicologic exposure cases in the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to identify demographic groups at risk for potential poisoning. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We used data from the California State Emergency Department Database (SEDD) 2011 for statistical analysis. Results: The study included 10,124,598 ED visits in California in 2011. The prevalence of TE was 383.4 (379.6-387.3) per 100,000 visits. Toxicologic exposures were most common among patients aged <10 years (555.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 544.5-566.5 per 100,000 visits). Overall, TE was more common among males. White patients showed the highest prevalence of TE compared to other racial groups (P <0.001). Subpopulation analysis showed Native American female patients ages 10-19 had a noticeably higher prevalence of TE (1,464.4, 95% CI: 802.9-2444.9 per 100,000). The prevalence of TE was higher in households of higher median income (P <0.001). Prevalence of TE among those with a history of substance use was also elevated. Conclusion: Toxicologic exposure cases in the ED are elevated in particular age and race/ethnicity groups, as well as among those with a diagnosis of substance use disorder. The strength of association between these factors and TE in the general population may be different because we examined ED visits only. Further preventive and education strategies are necessary and should target the demographic groups identified in this epidemiological study.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Advertisement of Alcohol on Consumption and the Perceived Health Implications among Youth in the Ashaiman Municipality, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Stephen Manortey ◽  
Seyram Kugbega
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Alcohol consumption is a key obstacle to sustainable human development. It is noted worldwide that alcohol consumption and use contribute to 3.3 million deaths every year. The United Nations classified individuals between the ages of 15 to 25 years as youths. The use of alcohol at this critical stage of life can lead to serious health outcomes, such as causing harm to vital body organs like the liver. Negative social and behavioral consequences such as unsafe sexual behavior are also consequences associated with alcohol use, and this has become a major public health issue globally. Various advertisements both in print and electronic media are contributing factors that encourage alcohol use among the youth. This study, therefore, aimed at determining the prevalence of alcohol use and also to identify the influence of exposure to advertisements of alcoholic beverages on consumption, perceptions, and knowledge on its health implications. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study design was used in this study. A total of 297 youths were sampled in four (4) suburbs within the Ashaiman Municipality in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana to participate in the study using a well-structured questionnaire.

scholarly journals Incidence of Road Traffic Injury and Associated Factors among Patients Visiting the Emergency Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bewket Tadesse Tiruneh ◽  
Berihun Assefa Dachew ◽  
Berhanu Boru Bifftu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traffic Injury

Background. Road traffic injuries are a major public health issue. The problem is increasing in Africa.Objective. To assess the incidence of road traffic injury and associated factors among patients visiting the emergency department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 356 systematically selected study subjects were included in the study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify associated factors with road traffic injury. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance.Results. The incidence of road traffic injury in the emergency department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital was 36.8%. Being a farmer (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.06–10.13), conflict with family members (AOR = 7.7; 95% CI = 3.49–8.84), financial problem (AOR = 9.91; 95% CI = 4.79–6.48), psychological problem (AOR = 17.58; 95% CI = 7.70–12.14), and alcohol use (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.61–5.27) were independently associated with road traffic injury.Conclusion and Recommendation. In this study the incidence of road traffic injury was high. Alcohol is one of the most significant factors associated with Road Traffic Injury. Thus urgent education on the effect of alcohol is recommended.

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