scholarly journals The Study on Forming Property at High Temperature and Processing Map of 2219 Aluminum Alloy

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Xiang-Dong Jia ◽  
Yi-Ning Wang ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Miao-Yan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Deformation Rate ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Processing Map ◽  
Rate Condition ◽  
2219 Aluminum Alloy

2219 aluminum alloy is a kind of high-strength Al-Cu-Mn alloy that can be strengthened by heat treatment. Its mechanical property parameters and forming properties are greatly affected by the deformation rate, temperature and strain. Taking 2219 aluminum alloy extruded bar as the research object, the Gleeble-3500 thermomechanical simulator was used to analyze the thermal compression deformation behavior of 2219 aluminum alloy under different temperatures and strain rates. The results show that the deformation behavior of 2219 aluminum alloy under high temperatures is greatly influenced by the deformation temperature and strain rate, and the flow stress is the result of high-temperature softening, strain hardening and deformation rate hardening. According to the experiment results, the Arrhenius constitutive model and the exponential constitutive model considering the influence of temperature and strain rate, respectively, were established, and the predicted results of the two constitutive models were in good agreement with the test results. On this basis, the processing map of 2219 aluminum alloy was established. Under the same strain rate condition with an increase of the deformation temperature, the power dissipation efficiency increases gradually, and the driving force of 2219 aluminum alloy to change its microstructure increases gradually. At the same deformation temperature, the lower the strain rate, the less possibility of plastic instability.

Investigation on Zener-Hollomon Parameter in the Hot Compressive Deformation Behavior of SWRCH 35K

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
Peng Tian ◽  
Zhi Yong Zhong ◽  
Wei Jun Hui ◽  
Rui Guo Bai ◽  
Xing Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Deformation Rate ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Compressive Deformation ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Hollomon Parameter ◽  
Deformation Activation Energy ◽  
Quadratic Fitting

The hot compressive deformation behavior of SWRCH 35K was studied with uniaxial hot compression simulation tests at 923 ~ 1223 K and strain rate of 0.01 ~ 20 /s. The results show that the hot compressive deformation activation energy was 408 kJ/mol and the rang of deformation stored energy was 10 ~ 50 J/mol. The quadratic fitting expression between deformation stored energy and Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z) was established and the deformation stored energy was considered to increased with increasing Z or with lower deformation temperature and increasing deformation rate.

Hot Deformation Behavior of 2519 Al Alloy during Isothermal Compression

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhong Li ◽  
Xin Ming Zhang ◽  
Min Gan Chen ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Hui Gao
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Deformation ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Isothermal Compression

The deformation behavior of 2519 aluminum alloy was studied by isothermal compression by Gleeble-1500 simulator in the temperature range from 300 to 450°C under the strain rates of 0.01~10s-1. The results showed that the flow stress was controlled by strain rate and deformation temperature. The flow stress increased with strain rate and decreased with deformation temperature. The flow stress of 2519 aluminum alloy increased with strain and to the constant values at three strain rates of 0.01 s-1,0.1 s-1and1 s-1, indicating the dynamic recovery to occur. The flow stress decreased after a peak value with increase of strain at strain rate 10s-1 and deformation temperature higher than 350°C, showing partly dynamic recrystallization. The flow stress of 2519 aluminum alloy during high temperature deformation can be represented by Zener-Hollomon parameter.

scholarly journals The Parameters Identification of High-Temperature Constitutive Model Based on Inverse Optimization Method and 3D Processing Map of Cr8 Alloy Steel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2216
Author(s):  
Xuewen Chen ◽  
Tingting Lian ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Yuqing Du ◽  
Kexue Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Processing Map ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Inverse Optimization ◽  
3D Processing

As a novel kind of cold roller steel, Cr8 alloy steel has the characteristics of high hardness, high wear resistance and good toughness, which can effectively prolong the service life of the roller that is an important part of the steel rolling mill. How to accurately define the constitutive model parameters of metal materials is the major problem, because it seriously affects the accuracy of numerical simulation results of the roller hot forming process. In the study of Cr8 alloy steel’s thermal deformation behavior of the present paper, the high temperature compression test was done on a Gleebel-1500D thermal/force simulation testing machine. A novel method of parameter identification was proposed based on inverse optimization. The Hansel–Spittel constitutive model was established by using the inverse optimization method. To carry out the verification on the accuracy of the established constitutive model, the predicted flow-stress of constitutive model was made a contrast to the experimental flow-stress, and the standard statistical parameters were also applied to further evaluation. The results showed a relatively high prediction accuracy of the Hansel–Spittel constitutive model based on the inverse optimization algorithm. Meanwhile, to obtain optimal parameters of Cr8 alloy steel in the thermal processing, 3D thermal processing maps concerning strain-rate, strain and temperature were built based on the dynamic material model. According to the 3D processing map, the most adequate thermal processing parameters of Cr8 alloy steel were obtianed as follows: strain 0.2–0.4, strain-rate 0.05–0.005 s−1, temperature 1100–1150 °C.

Constitutive Equation and Hot Processing Map for Tensile Test of Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr Alloy at Elevated Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 237-247
Author(s):  
Bei Bei Dong ◽  
Zhi Min Zhang ◽  
Jian Min Yu ◽  
Xin Che ◽  
Shao Bo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Processing Map ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Hot Processing Map ◽  
High Temperature Tensile

The high temperature tensile behavior of Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy was investigated at deformation temperature of 400-520 °C and strain rate of 0.001-0.5 s-1, and the stress-strain curves were obtained by using INSTRON 3382. The high temperature tensile constitutive model and hot processing map of the alloy were established, and the reliability of the hot processing map was further verified by analyzing the microstructure of the deformed alloy. The results showed that the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occurred of Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy during the tensile tests under high temperature conditions, and its peak stress decreased with the increase of deformation temperature or strain rate. The Arrhenius equation can be used to fit the rheological behavior of the alloy. The thermal deformation activation energy Q was 259.13kJ/mol, and the maximum error between the model and the experimental data was less than 9%. It can be concluded that the optimum deformation parameters of the alloy were temperature of 500-520 °C and strain rate of 0.01-0.001 s-1 based on the dynamic material model and hot processing map.

Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure of 6069 Aluminum Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhong Li ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Xiao Peng Liang ◽  
Jie Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Steady State Flow ◽  
State Flow

The deformation behavior and microstructure of 6069 aluminum alloy have been studied by isothermal compression at temperature ranging from 300°C to 450°C on Gleeble-1500 machine at strain rates from 0.01 to 10s-1. The results show that the deformation temperature and strain rate is essential to the flow characteristic, and the main deformation mechanism for 6069 aluminum alloy is dynamic recovery at low strain rates. The dynamic recrystallization take place at the strain rates of 10s-1 and deformation temperature ranges of 300~350°C. At constant strain rate, the flow stress and steady-state flow stress decrease with deformation temperature increasing. While at constant temperature, the flow stress and steady-state flow stress increase with increasing strain rate. The processing map at the strain of 0.7 is obtained and the map exhibits two safe deformation domains (300~350°C at 1~10s-1 and 380~450°C at 0.01~0.3s-1).

scholarly journals HIGH-TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR AND HOT-PROCESSING MAP OF 25CrMo4 AXLE STEEL BASED ON FRICTION CORRECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keran Liu ◽  
Yuanming Huo ◽  
Tao He ◽  
Cunlong Huo ◽  
Changyuan Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Flow Curves

The deformation behavior and microstructure of 25CrMo4 axle steel was systematically investigated by thermal compression deformation. The hot-compression test of a 25CrMo4 axle steel sample was carried out on a Gleeble-3800 thermal mechanical simulation tester. The flow behavior of the alloy was studied at the deformation temperature (900–1200 °C), strain rates (0.01; 0.1; 1.0) s–1 and the maximum deformation of 60 %. The flow curves under different deformation conditions were obtained, and the effects of the deformation temperature and strain rate on the appearance of the flow curves are discussed. The true stress-strain curve obtained by experiment is modified by friction. Based on the corrected experimental data, the activation energy determined by the regression analysis was Q = 311 kJ/mol, and the constitutive model was constructed. The high-temperature flow behavior of the 25CrMo4 axle steel was described by the Zener-Hollomon parameter. The optimum hot-deformation process parameters were determined based on the hot processing maps, followed by the analysis of the microstructure characteristics of the alloys under optimum hot working. The results show that the suitable hot-deformation process parameters of the alloy are as follows: deformation temperature is 1050–1200 °C, and strain rate is 0.01 s–1 to 0.14 s–1.

A Modified Johnson–Cook Constitutive Model and Its Application to High Speed Machining of 7050-T7451 Aluminum Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Zhanqiang Liu ◽  
Qinghua Song ◽  
Yi Wan ◽  
Xiaoping Ren
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Deformation ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
High Speed Machining ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate Hardening

Constitutive model is the most commonly used method to describe the material deformation behavior during machining process. This paper aims to investigate the material dynamic deformation during high speed machining of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy with the aid of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system and finite element (FE) analysis. First, the quasi static and dynamic compression behaviors of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy are tested at different loading conditions with a wide range of strain rates (0.001 s, 4000 s, 6000 s, 8000 s, and 12,000 s) and temperatures (room temperature, 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, and 400 °C). The influences of temperature on strain and strain rate hardening effects are revealed based on the flow stress behavior and microstructural alteration of tested specimens. Second, a modified Johnson–Cook (JCM) constitutive model is proposed considering the influence of temperature on strain and strain rate hardening. The prediction accuracies of Johnson–Cook (JC) and JCM constitutive models are compared, which indicates that the predicted flow stresses of JCM model agree better with the experimental results. Then the established JC and JCM models are embedded into FE analysis of orthogonal cutting for 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy. The reliabilities of two material models are evaluated with chip morphology and cutting force as assessment criteria. Finally, the material dynamic deformation behavior during high speed machining and compression test is compared. The research results can help to reveal the dynamic properties of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy and provide mechanical foundation for FE analysis of high speed machining.

High Temperature Deformation Behavior in the Isothermal Compression of Ti-5Al-4Mo-2Cr-4Zr-2Sn-1Fe Alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 944 ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Hua Mei Sun ◽  
Yun Lian Qi ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xiao Nan Mao
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Temperature Deformation ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Isothermal Compression

The deformation behavior in isothermal compression of Ti-5Al-4Mo-2Cr-4Zr-2Sn-1Fe alloy was investigated at the deformation temperature of 800°C, 850°C, 900°C, 950°C and 1000°C, the strain rate of 0.01s-1, 0.1s-1, 1.0s-1and 10.0s-1, and the height reduction of 70%. The flow stress increases rapidly with the increasing of strain at the beginning of deformation. When the strain exceeds a certain value, the flow stress begins to decline and becomes steady. With the increasing of deformation temperature and decreasing of strain rate, the steady stress and peak stress decrease significantly. The effect of strain on the processing maps of Ti-5Al-4Mo-2Cr-4Zr-2Sn-1Fe alloy is obvious. As the strain increases, the instable region moves towards high temperature and high strain rate area. Meanwhile, the contour of efficiency of power dissipation becomes more and more intensive, and the region with high efficiency of power dissipation reduces. Strain rate of 0.01s-1and deformation temperature of 900°C are the optimum processing parameters for Ti-5Al-4Mo-2Cr-4Zr-2Sn-1Fe alloy forging under strain of 0.3.

Research on Deformation Behavior of 2024 H18 Aluminum Alloy at Elevated Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Liang Chen ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ming He Chen
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Hot Forming ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile

Uniaxial tensile deformation behavior of 2024 H18 aluminum sheet alloys was studied in the hot forming process with synchronous cooling temperature range of 300°C~475°C and in the strain rate range of 0.0005/s~0.1/s. The effects of temperature and strain rate on stress, elongation to facture were analyzed. And a constitutive model was proposed to describe the relationship of true stress-true stain by multiple linear regression analysis. It was found that the forming temperature and strain rate have great effect on the hot forming behavior of the alloys. The max stress reduced greatly with the increasing of temperature or reducing of strain rate, while the tensile elongation tended to rise first and then fall with the increasing of temperature and strain rate. The forming of 2024 H18 aluminum alloy at elevated temperature occurred with the strain hardening and dynamic softening. The constitutive model of 2024 H18 aluminum alloy agrees well with the experimental data.

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