scholarly journals Removal of Sb Impurities in Copper Electrolyte and Evaluation of as and Fe Species in an Electrorefining Plant

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Ana I. González de las Torres ◽  
Michael S. Moats ◽  
Guillermo Ríos ◽  
Ana Rodríguez Almansa ◽  
Daniel Sánchez-Rodas
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Copper Electrorefining ◽  
As Species ◽  
Copper Electrolyte ◽  
Copper Refinery ◽  
Pre Treatment

Antimony and arsenic concentrations and their oxidation states (Sb(III), Sb(V), As(III) and As(V)) in copper electrorefining electrolyte can affect copper cathode quality through the formation of floating slimes. A laboratory-scale pilot plant was operated to remove Sb from commercial electrolyte. The pilot plant consisted of a pre-treatment process with copper shavings followed by ion exchange. The results indicated that Sb(III) was removed from copper electrolyte completely, while Sb(V) was partially eliminated. The concentrations of As(III) and As(V) were not affected, and the poisoning of the ion exchange resin by Fe(III) was avoided by pre-reduction to Fe(II) by copper shavings. The operation configuration of the pilot plant was applied to the design of an industrial plant for Sb/Bi removal at the Atlantic Copper Refinery in Huelva, Spain. The evolution of Sb, Fe and As species in the commercial electrolyte was monitored prior to and after the installation of the Sb/Bi removal plant. The results show a ca. 45% decrease in total Sb content (from 0.29 g L−1 to 0.16 g L−1) in the electrolyte. This reduction is more noticeable for Sb(III), whose concentration decreased from 0.18 g L−1 to 0.09 g L−1, whereas Sb(V) concentration diminished from 0.11 g L−1 to 0.07 g L−1. The resin also retained ca. 75% of the Bi content (0.15–0.22 g L−1). The total As increased during the study period (from 7.7 to 9.0 g L−1) due to changes in plant inputs. Arsenic was predominantly As(V) (ca. 93–95%). The total Fe concentration experienced little variation (0.9–1.1 g L−1) with Fe(II) being the main species (ca. 94–96%).

Effects of pre-treatment with magnetic ion exchange resins on coagulation/flocculation process

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sani ◽  
E. Basile ◽  
C. Lubello ◽  
L. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Aggregation State ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Ion

A new Magnetic Ion EXchange resin for DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) removal (MIEX®DOC Resin) has been evaluated as water pre-treatment at the Drinking Water Treatment Plant (DWTP) of Florence in order to reduce the oxidant demand and disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation potential. This pre-treatment leads to several effects on downstream treatment processes. In this experimental study the effects of MIEX® pre-treatment on clariflocculation process were evaluated with respect to coagulant demand reduction and characteristics of flocs formed. The analysis was conducted using traditional jar test procedures and a Photometric Dispersion Analyser (PDA2000) which provided continuous information about the aggregation state of particles during the jar tests. For a fixed turbidity goal in clarified water, ion exchange pre-treatment led to coagulant dosage reduction up to 60% and PDA results shown that flocs formed in pre-treated water were bigger and more resistant to shearing effects than those formed by conventional clariflocculation.

A pilot plant for the removal of cationic fission products from milk: I. Design and construction

1968 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Glascock ◽  
H. S. Hall ◽  
S. F. Suffolk ◽  
D. T. W. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design And Construction

SummaryA pilot plant with a capacity of 2300 1./5 h day for the removal of cationic fission products from milk is described. The process involves the acidification of the milk with citric acid to pH 5.25 and its passage through an ion exchange resin charged with the ions of Ca, K, Na and Mg in the same proportions as those in which they occur in milk. The effluent milk is neutralized with potassium hydroxide. At the end of the day the plant and resin bed are washed and sterilized.Two resin beds are provided and are used on alternate days, one being washed and regenerated while the other is in use. Regeneration is carried out with a solution which removes radioactive cations and restores the resin bed to its original ionic composition.Bacteriological tests show that the method of cleaning both plant and resin bed is satisfactory.Conclusions are drawn as to a suitable design for a larger scale plant.

Separation and quantification of 90Sr from ion-exchange resin radioactive waste: methods and techniques of analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 627-640
Author(s):  
Aurelia Magdalena Dianu ◽  
Relu Ion Dobrin
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Recovery ◽  
Convincing Argument ◽  
Sample Decomposition ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Chromatographic Extraction

AbstractFour methods for 90Sr separation from spent ion-exchange resin samples were carried out, offering a useful methodology to achieve interferences free 90Sr fractions. The four methods consist in resin sample decomposition, pre-treatment and selective separation of 90Sr by using: (a) a single chromatographic extraction process, (b) double chromatographic extraction, (c) a single chromatographic extraction process followed in sequence by two precipitations, and (d) ion-exchange chromatography, followed by extraction chromatography and precipitation. Mineralization by microwave acid digestion and the four 90Sr separation methods thoroughly presented are available. Data processing methods (adjustable modified efficiency tracing – a new improved approach for the efficiency tracing LSC technique, non-linear regression and α-β discrimination) to obtain the activities values of α, β-γ, pure β emitters and the evaluation of chemical recovery yield of strontium were presented. A discussion about activity assessment in 90Sr purified fractions, providing a convincing argument to support the accuracy of the 90Sr separation methods, is also offered.

scholarly journals Pilot Plant Fixed-Bed Ion-Exchange Resin System for Removing Iodine-131 and Radiostrontium from Milk

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1221-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.E. Walter ◽  
A.M. Sadler ◽  
D.G. Easterly ◽  
L.F. Edmondson
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Resin System ◽  
Iodine 131

Removal of algogenic organic matter by magnetic ion exchange resin pre-treatment and its effect on fouling in ultrafiltration

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Liu ◽  
W. Chen ◽  
V. M. Robert ◽  
Z. G. Han
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Ion

Natural organic matter (NOM) fouling continues to be the major barrier to efficient application of ultrafiltration (UF) in drinking water treatment. Algogenic organic matter (AOM), the main contributor to total NOM levels in raw waters characterised by elevated algae levels, is currently the subject of much investigation. In this study, the effect of AOM on fouling of ultrafiltration and the effectiveness of magnetic ion exchange resin (MIEX®) pre-treatment for AOM removal and membrane fouling control was evaluated. The results showed that, the main species of algae in raw water were Chlorella vulgaris, which accounted for 80% of total algae. AOM was predominantly hydrophilic (50% or more) with a low SUVA (1.7 Lm−1 mg−1). Coagulation alone could not remove AOM effectively (less than 20%), however, when combined with magnetic ion exchange resin pre-treatment, more than 60% of AOM was be removed; pre-treatment followed by coagulation was observed to be very effective in controlling membrane fouling by AOM. The application of magnetic ion exchange resin technology at a bed volume treatment rate (BVTR) of 800 was observed to effectively eliminate fouling of UF membrane. Careful analyses of the molecular weight (MW) distribution of AOM and UV absorbance of treated water revealed that the effectiveness in membrane fouling control was the result of the changes in AOM molecular characteristics in treated water, namely a change in MW due to the preferential removal of high molecular proteins by coagulation and magnetic ion exchange resin pre-treatment. The results demonstrate that magnetic ion exchange resin followed by coagulation might be a new membrane pre-treatment option for UF membrane fouling control.

The Pilot Plant Test of Recovering Chrome from Plating Wastewater Using Ion Exchange Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1120-1124
Author(s):  
Jin Yong Yang ◽  
Mei Ling Kong ◽  
Shuang Quan Li ◽  
Xiao Ou Ma
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Pilot Plant Test ◽  
Plant Test ◽  
Plating Wastewater ◽  
Exchange Technique

In this paper, the chrome plating wastewater of a tin factory in Zhongshan City was taken as research object. In order to offer help for enlarging technique, we studied the pilot plant test of disposing and reclaiming chrome plating wastewater with ion exchange technique and optimized the technological conditions of ion exchange.

Processes for enhanced NOM removal: beyond Fe and Al coagulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jarvis ◽  
Jenny Banks ◽  
Roger Molinder ◽  
Tom Stephenson ◽  
Simon A. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Magnetic Ion ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Magnetic Resin

Source waters containing high concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) have conventionally been treated using metal salts (normally Fe3 +  and Al3 +  based products). The main reason for NOM removal in potable water production is to prevent disinfection by-products (DBPs) from forming during disinfection processes. Using a common water source containing up to 15 mg L−1 dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NOM removal was assessed using 1) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (ultra-violet light/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and Fenton's reagent (FR)); 2) a novel coagulant ZrCoag® (Zr4 + ); and, 3) ion-exchange (magnetic ion-exchange resin, MIEX®) combined with coagulation at reduced coagulant doses. These results were compared with optimised conventional coagulation using ferric sulphate (Fe). High levels of NOM removal were achievable, with between 7–11% increased DOC removal for the advanced treatments over coagulation with Fe3 + . The formation of DBPs (trihalomethanes) for the treatment systems were compared. There were also significant differences in the properties of the floc formed for the different treatment systems. Flocs formed after coagulation following pre-treatment with magnetic resin and coagulation using Zr4 +  resulted in significantly larger flocs compared with Fe3 +  coagulation by 37 and 27% respectively. Flocs formed using FR were smaller than Fe3 +  coagulant flocs by 28%. The paper discusses the practical implications of using the different advanced treatment processes to achieve incremental increases in overall NOM removal when compared with conventional coagulation.

OPTIMIZATION OF DNA EXTRACTION METHODS FROM BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS OF HONEY BEES IN A DIFFERENT METAMOTPHOSIS PHASE

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
M. Palkina ◽  
O. Metlitska
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Chelex 100 ◽  
Drone Brood ◽  
Dna Extraction Methods

The aim of the research – adaptation, optimization and using of existing DNA extraction methods from bees’ biological material with the reagent «Chelex-100" under complex economic conditions of native laboratories, which will optimize labour costs and improve the economic performance of DNA extraction protocol. Materials and methods. In order to conduct the research the samples of honey bees’ biological material: queen pupae exuviae, larvae of drone brood, some adult bees’ bodies (head and thorax) were selected. Bowl and drone brood were obtained from the experimental bee hives of Institute of Apiculture nd. a. P. I. Prokopovich of NAAS. DNA extraction from biosamples of Apis mellifera ssp. was carried out using «Chelex-100®» ion exchange resin in different concentrations and combinations. Before setting tests for determination of quantitative and quality indexes, dilution of DNA samples of the probed object was conducted in ratio 1:40. The degree of contamination with protein and polysaccharide fractions (OD 260/230), quantitative content of DNA (OD 260/280) in the extracted tests were conducted using spectrophotometer of «Biospec – nano» at the terms of sample volume in 2 µl and length of optical way in 0,7 mm [7]. Verification of DNA samples from biological material of bees, isolated by «Chelex-100®», was conducted after cold keeping during 24 hours at 20°C using PСR with primaries to the fragment of gene of quantitative trait locus (QTL) Sting-2 of next structure [8]:  3' – CTC GAC GAG ACG ACC AAC TTG – 5’; 3' – AAC CAG AGT ATC GCG AGT GTT AC – 5’ Program of amplification: 94 °C – 5 minutes – 1 cycle; 94 °C – 1 minute, 57°C – 1 minute, 72 °C – 2 minutes – 30 cycles; elongation after 72°C during 2 minutes – 1 cycle. The division of obtained amplicons was conducted by gel electrophoresis at a low current – 7 µÀ, in 1,5 % agarose gel (Sigma ®) in TAE buffer [7]. The results. At the time of optimization of DNA isolation methods, according to existing methods of foreign experts, it was found optimal volume of ion exchange resin solution was in the proposed concentration: instead of 60 µl of solution used 120 µl of «Chelex-100®», time of incubation was also amended from 30 minutes to 180 minutes [9]. The use of the author's combination of method «Chelex-100®» with lysis enzymes, proteinase K and detergents (1M dithiothreitol), as time of incubation was also amended, which was reduced to 180 minutes instead of the proposed 12 hours [10]. Changes in quality characteristics of obtained DNA in samples after reduction in incubation time were not found. Conclusions. The most economical method of DNA isolation from bees’ biological material is 20% solution of «Chelex-100» ion exchange resin with the duration of the incubation period of 180 minutes. It should also be noted that the best results can be obtained from exuviae, selected immediately after the queen’s exit from bowl, that reduces the likelihood of DNA molecules destruction under the influence of nucleases activation, but not later than 12 hours from release using the technology of isolated obtain of queens.

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