Alterations in Pattern Baldness According to Sex: Hair Metabolomics Approach

Pattern baldness has been associated with the male hormone, dihydrotestosterone. In this study, we tried to determine how the overall metabolic pathways of pattern baldness differ in patients and in normal controls. Our study aimed to identify alterations in hair metabolomic profiles in order to identify possible markers of pattern baldness according to sex. Untargeted metabolomics profiling in pattern baldness patients and control subjects was conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. To identify significantly altered metabolic pathways, partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed. Our analysis indicated differences in steroid biosynthesis pathway in both males and females. However, there was a remarkable difference in the androgen metabolic pathway in males, and the estrogen metabolic and arachidonic acid pathways in females. For the first time, we were able to confirm the metabolic pathway in pattern baldness patients using hair samples. Our finding improves understanding of pattern baldness and highlights the need to link pattern baldness and sex-related differences.

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Root Metabolite Differences in Two Maize Varieties Under Lead (Pb) Stress

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.656074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Hanqian Zhang ◽

Yuying Qin ◽

Kai Huang ◽

Fangdong Zhan ◽

Ru Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Maize Breeding ◽

Pb Stress ◽

Effective Removal ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Tolerant Variety ◽

Further Development

To assess root metabolic differences of maize varieties in their response to lead (Pb) stress, the lead-tolerant variety Huidan No. 4 and the lead-sensitive variety Ludan No. 8 were tested under Pb-free and Pb-stressed conditions. Changes in metabolites were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Pb stress changed the levels of the amino acids proline, glutamine, lysine, and arginine in both varieties, whereas glutamate and phenylalanine levels changed only in Huidan No. 4. Pb stress altered cystine, valine, methionine, and tryptophan levels only in Ludan No. 8. Therefore, the synthesis and decomposition of amino acids may affect the response of maize to Pb stress. The degree of change in differential metabolites for Huidan No. 4 was greater than that for Ludan No. 8. In cell wall subcellular components, increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidases (PODs), and Pb concentrations were greater in Huidan No. 4 than in Ludan No. 8. Therefore, the greater Pb tolerance of Huidan No. 4 could be due to better sequestration of Pb in cell walls and more effective removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the plant. The levels of certain metabolites only increased in Ludan No. 8, indicating that Pb-sensitive varieties may use different metabolic pathways to cope with Pb stress. Both varieties showed increased levels of some metabolites related to antioxidant protection and osmotic regulation. This study provides an understanding of maize Pb tolerance mechanisms and a basis for further development of tools for use in maize breeding.

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Rapid lipidomics analysis for sepsis-induced liver injury in rats and insights into lipid metabolic pathways using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c9ra05836b ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (61) ◽

pp. 35364-35371

Author(s):

Qun Liang ◽

Han Liu ◽

Xiu-li Li ◽

Yang Yang ◽

Panguo Hairong

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Clinical Medicine ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Identification And Quantification

Lipidomics has been applied in the identification and quantification of molecular lipids within an organism, and to provide insights into mechanisms in clinical medicine.

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Acetylacetone-cleaving enzyme Dke1: a novel C-C-bond-cleaving enzyme from Acinetobacter johnsonii

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj20021047 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 369 (3) ◽

pp. 573-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Grit D. STRAGANZ ◽

Anton GLIEDER ◽

Lothar BRECKER ◽

Douglas W. RIBBONS ◽

Walter STEINER

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Pathway ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Active Protein ◽

Acinetobacter Johnsonii ◽

High Affinity ◽

Gene Coding ◽

High Yields ◽

Relationship Of ◽

First Time

The toxicity of acetylacetone has been demonstrated in various studies. Little is known, however, about metabolic pathways for its detoxification or mineralization. Data presented here describe for the first time the microbial degradation of acetylacetone and the characterization of a novel enzyme that initiates the metabolic pathway. From an Acinetobacter johnsonii strain that grew with acetylacetone as the sole carbon source, an inducible acetylacetone-cleaving enzyme was purified to homogeneity. The corresponding gene, coding for a 153 amino acid sequence that does not show any significant relationship to other known protein sequences, was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli and gave high yields of active enzyme. The enzyme cleaves acetylacetone to equimolar amounts of methylglyoxal and acetate, consuming one equivalent of molecular oxygen. No exogenous cofactor is required, but Fe2+ is bound to the active protein and essential for its catalytic activity. The enzyme has a high affinity for acetylacetone with a Km of 9.1μM and a kcat of 8.5s-1. A metabolic pathway for acetylacetone degradation and the putative relationship of this novel enzyme to previously described dioxygenases are discussed.

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Analysis of herbicide atrazine and its degradation products in cereals by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/c6ay00327c ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (17) ◽

pp. 3599-3604 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shuxuan Liang ◽

Xinfeng Dong ◽

Ming Su ◽

Hanwen Sun

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Herbicide Atrazine ◽

First Time

A novel ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method was developed for the first time for the determination of herbicide atrazine (ATR) and its principal metabolites namely desisopropylatrazine (DIA), desethylatrazine (DEA) and hydroxyatrazine (HA) in cereals.

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Statistical comparison of transition sleep variables in depressed and normal subjects

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1017/s0924933800001826 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 95-100

Author(s):

G Iorio ◽

F Marciano ◽

M Martino ◽

D Kemali

Keyword(s):

Sleep Stage ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Endogenous Depression ◽

Sleep Stages ◽

Statistical Comparison ◽

Stage Classification ◽

Sleep Stage Classification ◽

And Control ◽

First Time ◽

Normal Controls

SummaryWe present the values for the amount of transitions, for the total stage duration and for the first time of occurrence (latency) of a stage. A test aimed at evaluating probability values for the transition from one sleep stage to another was applied to the hypnograms of ten patients with endogenous depression and of ten normal controls. Sleep data (EEG, EMG, EOG) of each subject were recorded on magnetic tape and paper for three consecutive nights. Following sleep stage classification, portions of hypnograms of 480 min, further divided into sub-periods, were retained for the purpose of the test. The results proved that significant differences between depressed and control subjects exist among the data corresponding to various sleep stages. These findings also provided useful statistical indications in order to reduce the amount of computing needed by an automatic classifier.

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Glycerophospholipid and detoxification pathways associated with small for gestation age pathophysiology: discovery metabolomics analysis in the SCOPE cohort

Metabolomics ◽

10.1007/s11306-020-01740-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aude-Claire Morillon ◽

Debora F. B. Leite ◽

Shirish Yakkundi ◽

Lee A Gethings ◽

Gregoire Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Empirical Bayes ◽

Glucuronic Acid ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Plasma Analysis ◽

Urine Metabolites ◽

Gestation Age ◽

Bayes Analysis

Abstract Introduction Small for gestational age (SGA) may be associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality. Our understanding of the molecular pathways implicated is poor. Objectives Our aim was to determine the metabolic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of SGA and examine their variation between maternal biofluid samples. Methods Plasma (Cork) and urine (Cork, Auckland) samples were collected at 20 weeks’ gestation from nulliparous low-risk pregnant women participating in the SCOPE study. Women who delivered an SGA infant (birthweight < 10th percentile) were matched to controls (uncomplicated pregnancies). Metabolomics (urine) and lipidomics (plasma) analyses were performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Features were ranked based on FDR adjusted p-values from empirical Bayes analysis, and significant features putatively identified. Results Lipidomics plasma analysis revealed that 22 out of the 33 significantly altered lipids annotated were glycerophospholipids; all were detected in higher levels in SGA. Metabolomic analysis identified reduced expression of metabolites associated with detoxification (D-Glucuronic acid, Estriol-16-glucuronide), nutrient absorption and transport (Sulfolithocholic acid) pathways. Conclusions This study suggests higher levels of glycerophospholipids, and lower levels of specific urine metabolites are implicated in the pathophysiology of SGA. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in independent samples.

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Mantle Of The Expert Strategy Effectiveness In The Development Of Creative Thinking

10.31124/advance.7763264.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim Arman

Keyword(s):

Creative Thinking ◽

Role Playing ◽

Thinking Skills ◽

Measurement Unit ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

Girls School ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

This study aimed at investigating the Effectiveness of Mantle of the Expert in creative thinking Skills among the 7th Graders. The study conducted on a sample of 7th Graders at Kober Secondary Boys School and Upper Kober Elementary Girls School. The study sample consisted of (100) students split into two groups (experimental and control). The researcher adopting the Torrance test for creative thinking the verbal image "A" by examining the tests used in the Ristow study (1988), Edwards and Baldov (1987) study, and designing a teacher book for the (engineering and measurement) unit according to the integration between the strategies of the mantle of the expert and role playing. This study adopted quasi-experimental design. It included two groups (experimental and controlled) in two branches (males and females) for each group. The controlled group was taught by using the traditional method whereas the experimental group by the mantle of the expert. The data analyzed using (ANCOVA) test to measure the differences in the development of creative thinking between the control and experimental groups. The Conclusions showed that there are statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the creative thinking test due to the way, gender and interaction between them. Based on the Conclusions of the study, the researcher recommends the need to use the mantles of the expert in the teaching of mathematics.

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The Effects of Corporate Ownership on Public Accountants' Professionalism and Ethics

Accounting Horizons ◽

10.2308/acch.2002.16.2.109 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 109-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

William E. Shafer ◽

D. Jordan Lowe ◽

Timothy J. Fogarty

Keyword(s):

Current Trend ◽

Auditor Independence ◽

Corporate Ownership ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Public Accounting ◽

Corporate Acquisitions ◽

Accounting Professionals ◽

Research Questions ◽

And Control ◽

First Time

The current trend toward corporate acquisitions of CPA firms poses potential threats to the autonomy and ethical standards of public accounting professionals. This recent consolidation movement suggests that for the first time a significant number of public accounting professionals are subject to the supervision and control of nonprofessionals. In addition to acknowledging the potential threats to auditor independence and objectivity, this paper suggests that these new organizational arrangements for the provision of public accounting services have other negative effects on professionalism and ethics such as desensitizing CPAs to traditional professional values, and subverting professional institutions to the goals of corporate employers. This paper develops a framework that identifies several specific research questions related to the effects of corporate ownership on professionalism and ethics in public accounting.

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Metabolite Differences of Polyphenols in Different Litchi Cultivars (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Based on Extensive Targeted Metabonomics

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1181

Author(s):

Nonghui Jiang ◽

Huili Zhu ◽

Wei Liu ◽

Chao Fan ◽

Feng Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Main Part ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Reference Information ◽

Phenolic Components ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Litchi Fruit ◽

First Time

Litchi is an important fruit cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas with high nutritious and delicious flavor and the pulp is the main part of the fruit consumed. Previous studies found that litchi had high total phenol content and antioxidant activity, but most of them focused on the identification of single or a few phenolic components with a low throughput test, and the metabolic differences of cultivars are still unknown to a some extent. In this study we used widely targeted metabolome based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to analyze the polyphenol metabolites of five different genotypes of mature litchi fruit. A total of 126 polyphenol metabolites in eight categories were identified to reveal the composition and differences of polyphenol; 15 common differential metabolites and 20 specific differential metabolites to each cultivar were found for the first time. The results infer that flavonoids, flavonols, hydroxycinnamoyls and catechins are the main polyphenol metabolites of litchi pulp. Cluster analysis showed that there were three groups of polyphenols from high to low; early maturing Feizhixiao is a kind of high polyphenol content cultivars, especially in catechins, anthocyanins, flavonols, quinic acids and hydroxycinnamoyls. The polyphenols in the flesh of mature litchi are rich, and there are significant differences among cultivars; there was a level of correlation between the contents of phenolics and the maturity of litchi cultivars; the content of phenolics in early maturing litchi cultivars appeared higher than those of mid- to late-maturing cultivars. This experiment will provide significant reference information for cultivation, breeding, processing and consumption.

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The Ability of Metabolomics to Discriminate Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Subtypes Depends on the Stage of the Disease and the Type of Material Studied

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13133314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 3314

Author(s):

Tomasz Kowalczyk ◽

Joanna Kisluk ◽

Karolina Pietrowska ◽

Joanna Godzien ◽

Miroslaw Kozlowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Early Stage ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽

Cancer Subtypes ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Nsclc Patients

Identification of the NSCLC subtype at an early stage is still quite sophisticated. Metabolomics analysis of tissue and plasma of NSCLC patients may indicate new, and yet unknown, metabolic pathways active in the NSCLC. Our research characterized the metabolomics profile of tissue and plasma of patients with early and advanced NSCLC stage. Samples were subjected to thorough metabolomics analyses using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique. Tissue and/or plasma samples from 137 NSCLC patients were analyzed. Based on the early stage tissue analysis, more than 200 metabolites differentiating adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC) subtypes as well as normal tissue, were identified. Most of the identified metabolites were amino acids, fatty acids, carnitines, lysoglycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins, plasmalogens and glycerophospholipids. Moreover, metabolites related to N-acyl ethanolamine (NAE) biosynthesis, namely glycerophospho (N-acyl) ethanolamines (GP-NAE), which discriminated early-stage SCC from ADC, have also been identified. On the other hand, the analysis of plasma of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and NSCLC patients allowed exclusion of the metabolites related to the inflammatory state in lungs and the identification of compounds (lysoglycerophospholipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins) truly characteristic to cancer. Our results, among already known, showed novel, thus far not described, metabolites discriminating NSCLC subtypes, especially in the early stage of cancer. Moreover, the presented results also indicated the activity of new metabolic pathways in NSCLC. Further investigations on the role of NAE biosynthesis pathways in the early stage of NSCLC may reveal new prognostic and diagnostic targets.

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