scholarly journals Simulation Guided Hand-Driven Portable Triboelectric Nanogenerator: Design, Optimisation, and Evaluation

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 955
Author(s):  
Yunzhong Wang ◽  
Anh Tran Tam Pham ◽  
Damian Tohl ◽  
Youhong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
High Rotational Speed ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
High Power Output ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Number Of Segments

Inspired by the fundamental mechanics of an ancient whirligig (or buzzer toy; 3300 BC), a hand-driven rotational triboelectric nanogenerator (HDR-TENG) was designed and optimised, guided by our recently reported mathematical modelling. This modelling indicates that the power generated by HDR-TENG is a function of the number of segments, rotational speed, and tribo-surface spacing with different weighting sensitivities. Based on the simulation results, additive manufacturing technology was combined with commercially available components to cost-effectively fabricate the HDR-TENG. The fabricated HDR-TENG can provide stable and adjustable rotational speed up to 15,000 rpm with a linear hand stretching. The output voltage of HDR-TENG maintains a constant value within 50,000 cycles of testing when using Nylon 66 and PTFE as the triboelectric material. It can charge a 47 μF capacitor to 2.2 V in one minute. This study provides a cost-effective portable HDR-TENG device with adjustable high rotational speed, high power output, and long durable life, creating opportunities to provide a power supply for point-of-care devices in remote or resource-poor settings and applications in science and engineering education.

scholarly journals High rotational speed hand-powered triboelectric nanogenerator toward a battery-free point-of-care detection system

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (38) ◽  
pp. 23221-23227
Author(s):  
Qitao Zhou ◽  
Shuwen Chen ◽  
Jianxin Lai ◽  
Shujun Deng ◽  
Jing Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
High Rotational Speed ◽  
System P ◽  
Point Of Care Detection

A hand-powered TENG system has been developed to kill two birds with one stone, simultaneously realizing centrifugation and rotary mechanical energy harvesting. Then, centrifugation of lake water and detection of H2O2 in it has been realized.

scholarly journals Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1352
Author(s):  
Darius Riziki Martin ◽  
Nicole Remaliah Sibuyi ◽  
Phumuzile Dube ◽  
Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka ◽  
Ruben Cloete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Rapid Tests

The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such as the culture, sputum smear, skin tuberculin, and molecular tests are time-consuming, and some are unaffordable for low-income countries. Rapid tests for disease biomarker detection are mostly based on immunological assays that use antibodies which are costly to produce, have low sensitivity and stability. Aptamers can replace antibodies in these diagnostic tests for the development of new rapid tests that are more cost effective; more stable at high temperatures and therefore have a better shelf life; do not have batch-to-batch variations, and thus more consistently bind to a specific target with similar or higher specificity and selectivity and are therefore more reliable. Advancements in TB research, in particular the application of proteomics to identify TB specific biomarkers, led to the identification of a number of biomarker proteins, that can be used to develop aptamer-based diagnostic assays able to screen individuals at the point-of-care (POC) more efficiently in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Longitudinal remotely mentored self-performed lung ultrasound surveillance of paucisymptomatic Covid-19 patients at risk of disease progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Kirkpatrick ◽  
Jessica L. McKee ◽  
John M. Conly
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring ◽  
Ultrasound Probes

AbstractCOVID-19 has impacted human life globally and threatens to overwhelm health-care resources. Infection rates are rapidly rising almost everywhere, and new approaches are required to both prevent transmission, but to also monitor and rescue infected and at-risk patients from severe complications. Point-of-care lung ultrasound has received intense attention as a cost-effective technology that can aid early diagnosis, triage, and longitudinal follow-up of lung health. Detecting pleural abnormalities in previously healthy lungs reveal the beginning of lung inflammation eventually requiring mechanical ventilation with sensitivities superior to chest radiographs or oxygen saturation monitoring. Using a paradigm first developed for space-medicine known as Remotely Telementored Self-Performed Ultrasound (RTSPUS), motivated patients with portable smartphone support ultrasound probes can be guided completely remotely by a remote lung imaging expert to longitudinally follow the health of their own lungs. Ultrasound probes can be couriered or even delivered by drone and can be easily sterilized or dedicated to one or a commonly exposed cohort of individuals. Using medical outreach supported by remote vital signs monitoring and lung ultrasound health surveillance would allow clinicians to follow and virtually lay hands upon many at-risk paucisymptomatic patients. Our initial experiences with such patients are presented, and we believe present a paradigm for an evolution in rich home-monitoring of the many patients expected to become infected and who threaten to overwhelm resources if they must all be assessed in person by at-risk care providers.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Imaging Platform for Portable Cell Counting

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwakar M. Awate ◽  
Cicero C. Pola ◽  
Erica Shumaker ◽  
Carmen L Gomes ◽  
Jaime Javier Juarez
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
3D Printed

Despite having widespread application in the biomedical sciences, flow cytometers have several limitations that prevent their application to point-of-care (POC) diagnostics in resource-limited environments. 3D printing provides a cost-effective approach...

scholarly journals Direct diagnostic testing of SARS-CoV-2 without the need for prior RNA extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Wei ◽  
Esther Kohl ◽  
Alexandre Djandji ◽  
Stephanie Morgan ◽  
Susan Whittier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Viral Transport

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an urgent need for a rapid, point of care diagnostic testing that could be rapidly scaled on a worldwide level. We developed and tested a highly sensitive and robust assay based on reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) that uses readily available reagents and a simple heat block using contrived spike-in and actual clinical samples. RT-LAMP testing on RNA-spiked samples showed a limit of detection (LoD) of 2.5 copies/μl of viral transport media. RT-LAMP testing directly on clinical nasopharyngeal swab samples in viral transport media had an 85% positive percentage agreement (PPA) (17/20), and 100% negative percentage agreement (NPV) and delivered results in 30 min. Our optimized RT-LAMP based testing method is a scalable system that is sufficiently sensitive and robust to test for SARS-CoV-2 directly on clinical nasopharyngeal swab samples in viral transport media in 30 min at the point of care without the need for specialized or proprietary equipment or reagents. This cost-effective and efficient one-step testing method can be readily available for COVID-19 testing world-wide, especially in resource poor settings.

Performances of HSK Tool Interfaces under High Rotational Speed

CIRP Annals ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aoyama ◽  
I. Inasaki
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
High Rotational Speed

scholarly journals DNA aptamer-based detection of prostate cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Jolly ◽  
Nello Formisano ◽  
Pedro Estrela
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Promising Tool

AbstractThe use of aptamers in biosensing has attracted considerable attention as an alternative to antibodies because of their unique properties such as long-term stability, cost-effectiveness and adjustability to various applications. Among cancers, the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the greatest concerns for ageing men worldwide. One of the most commonly used biomarkers for PCa is prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which can be found in elevated levels in patients with cancer. This review presents the gradual transition of research from antibody-based to aptamerbased biosensors, specifically for PSA. A brief description on aptamer-based biosensing for other PCa biomarkers is also presented. Special attention is given to electrochemical methods as analytical techniques for the development of simple, sensitive and cost-effective biosensors. The review also focuses on the different surface chemistries exploited for fabrication and their applications in clinical samples. The use of aptamers represents a promising tool for the development of point-ofcare biosensors for the early detection of prostate cancer. In view of the unmatched upper hand of aptamers, future prospects are also discussed, not only in the point-of-care format but also in other novel applications.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Use of Point-of-Care C-Reactive Protein Testing to Reduce Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Holmes ◽  
Sharman Harris ◽  
Alison Hughes ◽  
Noel Craine ◽  
Dyfrig Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

More appropriate and measured use of antibiotics may be achieved using point-of-care (POC) C-reactive protein (CRP) testing, but there is limited evidence of cost-effectiveness in routine practice. A decision analytic model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of testing, compared with standard care, in adults presenting in primary care with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). Analyses considered (1) pragmatic use of testing, reflective of routine clinical practice, and (2) testing according to clinical guidelines. Threshold and scenario analysis were performed to identify cost-effective scenarios. In patients with symptoms of ARTI and based on routine practice, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of CRP testing were £19,705 per quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) gained and £16.07 per antibiotic prescription avoided. Following clinical guideline, CRP testing in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) cost £4390 per QALY gained and £9.31 per antibiotic prescription avoided. At a threshold of £20,000 per QALY, the probabilities of POC CRP testing being cost-effective were 0.49 (ARTI) and 0.84 (LRTI). POC CRP testing as implemented in routine practice is appreciably less cost-effective than when adhering to clinical guidelines. The implications for antibiotic resistance and Clostridium difficile infection warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Selective non-operative management of abdominal stab wounds is a safe and cost effective strategy: A South African experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
KSS Dayananda ◽  
VY Kong ◽  
JL Bruce ◽  
GV Oosthuizen ◽  
GL Laing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Stab Wounds ◽  
African Experience ◽  
Negative Laparotomy ◽  
Trauma Service ◽  
Abdominal Stab Wounds ◽  
Non Operative Management

INTRODUCTION Selective non-operative management (SNOM) of abdominal stab wounds is well established in South Africa. SNOM reduces the morbidity associated with negative laparotomies while being safe. Despite steady advances in technology (including laparoscopy, computed tomography [CT] and point-of-care sonography), our approach has remained clinically driven. Assessments of financial implications are limited in the literature. The aim of this study was to review isolated penetrating abdominal trauma and analyse associated incurred expenses. METHODS Patients data across the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service (PMTS) are captured prospectively into the regional electronic trauma registry. A bottom-up microcosting technique produced estimated average costs for our defined clinical protocols. RESULTS Between January 2012 and April 2015, 501 patients were treated for an isolated abdominal stab wound. Over one third (38%) were managed successfully with SNOM, 5% underwent a negative laparotomy and over half (57%) required a therapeutic laparotomy. Over five years, the PMTS can expect to spend a minimum of ZAR 20,479,800 (GBP 1,246,840) for isolated penetrating abdominal stab wounds alone. CONCLUSIONS Provided a stringent policy is followed, in carefully selected patients, SNOM is effective in detecting those who require further intervention. It minimises the risks associated with unnecessary surgical interventions. SNOM will continue to be clinically driven and promulgated in our environment.

The Coupling Characteristic of HSK Tool-Holder/Spindle Interface for High-Speed NC Machine Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 590 ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Kai Jie ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Deng Sheng Zheng ◽  
Gui Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element Method ◽  
High Rotational Speed ◽  
Tool Holder ◽  
Nc Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tool Accuracy ◽  
Nc Machine ◽  
Coupling Characteristic

The coupling characteristic of the tool-holder/spindle interface in high speed NC machine has significant influence on machine tool accuracy and process stability. With the example of HSK-E63, based on nonlinear finite element method (FEM), the coupling characteristic of the tool-holder/spindle interface under high rotational speed was investigated, the influence of interference, clamping force and rotational speed on the contact stress and the sectional area of clearance were discussed in detail. The results can be used as theoretical consideration to design and optimize the high speed tool-holder/spindle interface.

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