scholarly journals Research on Self-Aligning Flanges Based on Piezoelectric Actuators Applied to Precision Grinding Machines

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Xuepeng Huang ◽  
Zhenzhong Wang ◽  
Bingyi Shen ◽  
Pengli Lei
Keyword(s):  
Large Diameter ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Laser Fusion ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Wheel Alignment ◽  
Machine Spindle ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Average Eccentricity

Laser fusion research requires a large number of high-precision large-diameter aspherical components. To improve the grinding efficiency in the component production process, the manual operation time during the grinding process needs to be reduced. The grinding process requires the installation of the dressed grinding wheel onto the grinding machine spindle, and the off-line dressing results in installation errors during the loading and unloading process, which requires more time for manual alignment. To achieve self-aligning, the circumferential contour of the grinding wheel was first restored by the reversal method, then noise reduction and circle fitting were performed to obtain the eccentricity value and eccentricity position between the flange and the spindle, and finally, the flange was adjusted finely by three piezoelectric actuators installed inside the flange to reduce the eccentricity. Three repetitive experiments were conducted to verify that the self-aligning flange can reduce the eccentricity value by retracting the piezoelectric actuators so that the proper alignment between the flange and the spindle could meet the requirements; the average eccentricity value of the three experiments decreased by 74%, which greatly improved the efficiency of the grinding wheel alignment.

Calculation of Effective Ground Depth of Cut by Means of Grinding Process Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Michael N. Morgan ◽  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Kohichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Grinding Machine

In order to obtain the effective depth of cut on the ground surface, a new grinding process model taking into account thermal expansions of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, elastic deformations of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel and the workpiece and the wheel wear was proposed. Using proposed model, the effective depth of cut was calculated using measured results of the applied depth of cut and the normal grinding force.

scholarly journals Grinding of AISI 4340 steel with interrupted cutting by aluminum oxide grinding wheel

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-238
Author(s):  
Hamilton Jose de Mello ◽  
Diego Rafael de Mello ◽  
Eduardo Carlos Bianchi ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Aguiar ◽  
Doriana M. D'Addona
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Aisi 4340 Steel ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Aisi 4340

AbstractThere has been a great advance in the grinding process by the development of dressing, lubri-refrigeration and other methods. Nevertheless, all of these advances were gained only for continuous cutting; in other words, the ground workpiece profile remains unchanged. Hence, it becomes necessary to study grinding process using intermittent cutting (grooved workpiece – discontinuous cutting), as little or no knowledge and studies have been developed for this purpose, since there is nothing found in formal literature, except for grooved grinding wheels. During the grinding process, heat generated in the cutting zone is extremely high. Therefore, plenty of cutting fluids are essential to cool not only the workpiece but also the grinding wheel, improving the grinding process. In this paper, grinding trials were performed using a conventional aluminum oxide grinding wheel, testing samples made of AISI 4340 steel quenched and tempered with 2, 6, and 12 grooves. The cylindrical plunge grinding was performed by rotating the workpiece on the grinding wheel. This plunge movement was made at three different speeds. From the obtained results, it can be observed that roughness tended to increase for testing sample with the same number of grooves, as rotation speed increased. Roundness error also tended to increase as the speed rotation process got higher for testing the sample with the same number of grooves. Grinding wheel wear enhanced as rotation speed and number of grooves increased. Power consumed by the grinding machine was inversely proportional to the number of grooves. Subsuperficial microhardness had no significant change. Micrographs reveal an optimal machining operation as there was no significant damage on the machined surface.

Study on the Grinding Process of Ceramic Zirconia Oxide Rod

2014 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Shinn Liang Chang ◽  
Dai Jia Juan ◽  
Bean Yin Lee ◽  
You Jhih Lin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Hard Machining ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Diamond Grain ◽  
Zirconia Oxide

Grinding technology is used in this study to overcome the hard machining of ceramic with hard and brittle characteristics. The grinding machine with diamond grain size 25 and 5 , spindles speed 1720 rpm and 3450 rpm are applied. Combining the unintentional roll clamp and the grinding machine, ceramic rods can be ground to the desired size.In the research, surface profilometer is applied to measure the rod surface roughness of processing results under different conditions. The results show that the grinding wheel with finer particle, the roughness of the ground ceramic rod will be better. While the rotation speed of grinding wheel is increased, the surface roughness will have the same trend.

Nonlinear Stability and Bifurcation of Multi-D.O.F. Chatter System in Grinding Process

2006 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Kai Han ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Zhi Wei Zhang ◽  
Bang Chun Wen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Center Manifold Theorem ◽  
Stability And Bifurcation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

The nonlinear chatter in grinding machine system is discussed analytically in the paper. In higher speed grinding process, the self-excited chatter vibration is mostly induced by the change of grinding speed and grinding wheel shape. Here the grinding machine tool is viewed as a nonlinear multi-D.O.F. autonomous system, in which hysteretic factors of contact surfaces are also introduced. Firstly, the DOFs of the above system are reduced efficiently without changing its dynamic properties by utilizing the center manifold theorem and averaging method. Then, a low dimensional system and corresponding averaging equations are obtained. The stability and bifurcation of chatter system are discussed on the base of deduced averaging equations. It is proved that chatter occurs as a Hopf bifurcation emerging from the steady state at the origin of system. The theoretical analyses on the multi-DOF chattering system will lead to further understanding of the nonlinear mechanisms of higher speed grinding processes.

scholarly journals Análise de Sinais de Emissao Acústica e Estatística Counts na Detecção da Alteração Microestrutural na Retificação de Aço 1045

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Felipe Aparecido Alexandre ◽  
Martin Antonio Aulestia Viera ◽  
Pedro Oliveira Conceição Junior ◽  
Leonardo Simões ◽  
Wenderson Nascimento Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
1045 Steel ◽  
Selection Of

Grinding is a high-precision, high-value-added finishing process as it is usually the last stage of the manufacturing chain. However, unsatisfactory results may occur, mainly due to changes in the microstructure of the ground workpiece. Such changes are caused by the high temperatures involved in the process due to the grinding conditions in which the part was subjected. In this way, the main objective of this work is the monitoring of the grinding process in order to detect changes in the signal and to relate them with damage occurred in the ground workpiece. The tests were carried out on a surface grinding machine, aluminum oxide grinding wheel and ABNT 1045 steel parts. Metallography was performed on the parts for a more further analysis of their microstructure. The recording of signals was obtained at a sample rate of 2 MHz through an acoustic emission sensor (AE). A frequency study for the selection of the best frequency bands that characterize damage occurred in the ground workpiece. The event counts statistic was applied to the filtered signal in the chosen frequency bands. The results of this work show that the grinding conditions influence the signal and, therefore, its frequency spectrum.Keywords: Manufacturing process; automation, monitoring; grinding process; acoustic emission, damage detection

Estimation of the Grinding Time by Means of the Grinding Process Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Kohichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Residual Stock ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Stock Removal ◽  
Grinding Time

In grinding operation, elastic deformations of the grinding machine and the grinding wheel induce a residual stock removal of workpiece. On the other hand, thermal expansions of the workpiece and the grinding wheel increase the depth of cut. Therefore, calculation of a ground depth of cut and/or the grinding time has to be considered by the elastic deformations and the thermal expansions. From such a viewpoint, in this study, grinding process model taking into account the elastic deformations and the thermal expansions was proposed. This paper aims to estimate the grinding time by means of the proposed grinding process model.

The Increase of the Dynamic and Static Stiffness of a Grinding Machine

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Simnofske ◽  
Ju¨rgen Hesselbach
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Static Stiffness ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Chatter Vibrations ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Chatter Marks

The dynamic stiffness of a grinding machine influences the process stability enormously. Among other things the stability of the grinding process is affected by influences like the specification of the grinding wheel, the condition of the workpiece and machine parameters. Unfavorable combinations of these lead to chatter vibrations of the machine and chatter marks on the workpiece. This paper presents the results of experimental and theoretical investigations of the vibration behavior of a grinding machine and the design of active modules. These modules will be implemented in the structure of the machine to minimize the vibrations and additionally increase its static stiffness of the machine.

Study on a Principle of Grinding Process of Face Gear

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhen Li ◽  
Zheng Min Qing Li ◽  
Ru Peng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Space Curve ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Face Gear ◽  
The Face ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Complex Movement

In order to process the hardened face-gear, and improve the surface’s accuracy, the grinding process of face gear is studied. According to the equation of tooth surface, the tooth surface is drawn by a series of space curve, the contact point’s trajectory and velocity at the processing of grinding are determined in three coordinate directions. The model of grinding machine is set up, and analyses the movement of relationship between tool and face-gear. The simple grinding wheel apply complex movement to grinding process the face-gear is successful.

scholarly journals A High-Speed Precision Bearing Internal Grinding Machine and Grinding Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Chang ◽  
Qian Jia ◽  
Lai Hu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Guide Rail ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Internal Grinding ◽  
High Speed Grinding ◽  
Bearing Raceway ◽  
Grinding Machine

Abstract In order to meet the requirement of grade P2 bearing grinding, we designed a high-speed internal grinding machine used for bearing raceway and inner circle grinding. The machine adopts T-type layout and 4-axis NC linkage. It is supported by hydrostatic pressure and driven directly by torque motor. Besides, it is equipped with high-speed hydrostatic grinding wheel spindle of ELKA. Our design includes hydrostatic workpiece shaft, hydrostatic turntable and hydrostatic guide rail. The design of this machine can ensure the high-speed grinding process and research has good engineering application value. Finally, the designed precision grinding machine is used to grind the P2 bearing raceway with reasonable processing technology.

Study on Properties of Grinding Fluid Jet and Nozzle Position for Super-High Speed Point Grinding

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 452-457
Author(s):  
Shi Chao Xiu ◽  
Ji Man Luo ◽  
Zhi Li Sun
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Pressure Balance ◽  
Balance Principle ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
High Speed Grinding ◽  
Grinding Machine

Super-high speed point grinding is a new high-speed grinding technology with some excellent machining performances. In such a grinding process, there is a high-speed airflow rotating around the edge of grinding wheel which hinders the grinding fluid from injecting into the contact area and makes the fluid atomization and splash during grinding process, so as to decrease the ratio of effective grinding fluid into contact area and affect the surface integrity of workpiece. In this paper, the structure and properties of grinding fluid jet is analyzed, the velocity distribution field of the round turbulent jet is discussed theoretically and simulated. Based on the pressure balance principle, a mathematical model is established for the jet velocity at the fluid nozzle, which enables the grinding fluid to pass through the high speed airflow and enter into the contact area. According to the analysis of the grinding fluid velocity in the jet core, an engineering formula is given to calculate the position limit of nozzle during grinding process, as well as a practical design example for the high speed grinding machine is presented.

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