Propofol Improved Glucose Tolerance Associated with Increased FGF-21 and GLP-1 Production in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Anesthetics, particularly volatile anesthetics, have been shown to impair glucose metabolism and cause hyperglycemia, closely linking them with mortality and morbidity as related to surgery. Beyond being an anesthetic used for general anesthesia and sedation, intravenous hypnotic propofol displays an effect on glucose metabolism. To extend the scope of propofol studies, its effects on glucose metabolism were evaluated in male Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages. Unlike chloral hydrate and isoflurane, propofol had little effect on basal glucose levels in rats at 2 months of age, although it did reduce chloral hydrate- and isoflurane-induced hyperglycemia. Propofol reduced postload glucose levels after either intraperitoneal or oral administration of glucose in both 7- and 12-month-old rats, but not those at 2 months of age. These improved effects regarding propofol on glucose metabolism were accompanied by an increase in insulin, fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. Additionally, an increase in hepatic FGF-21 expression, GLP-1 signaling, and FGF-21 signaling, along with a decrease in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, were noted in propofol-treated rats at 7 months of age. Current findings imply that propofol may turn into insulin-sensitizing molecules during situations of existing insulin resistance, which involve FGF-21, GLP-1, and ER stress.

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Light and electron microscopic investigation of adenohypophyses of germfree, food-restricted, and germfree-food restricted aging, male lobund-wistar rats

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100103826 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 352-353

Author(s):

G. Ilse ◽

K. Kovacs ◽

N. Ryan ◽

T. Sano ◽

L. Stefaneanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Microscopic Investigation ◽

Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽

Aging Male ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Old Rats ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Microscopic Findings

Germfree state and food restriction have been shown to increase life span and delay tumor occurrence in rats. We report here the histologic, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings of adenohypophyses of aging, male Lobund-Wistar rats raised at Lobund Laboratories. In our previous study, the morphologic changes in the adenohypophyses of old rats have been extensively investigated by histology, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Lactotroph adenomas were frequent in Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats, whereas gonadotroph adenomas were frequent in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.Male Lobund-Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) conventional, which were raised under normal non-germfree environment and received food ad libitum; 2) germfree-food ad libitum; 3) conventional environment-food restricted and 4) germfree-food restricted. The adenohypophyses were removed from 6-month-, 18-month- and 30-month-old rats. For light microscopy, adenohypophyses were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin.

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Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Blood Pressure, Serum Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 and Glucose Metabolism in Male Sprague Dawley Rats.

10.1210/endo-meetings.2010.part3.p10.p3-465 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. P3-465-P3-465

Author(s):

LE Aguirre ◽

X DeLeon ◽

KL Sweazea ◽

BR Walker ◽

KM Colleran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Intermittent Hypoxia ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Activator Inhibitor

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134 The Effect of Adipose Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction on Stasis Zone in an Experimental Burn Model on Streptozocin – Induced Diabetic Rats

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/irab032.138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S89-S90

Author(s):

Cagri A Uysal ◽

Burak Ozkan ◽

Abbas Najimaldin Muhsun Al Bayati ◽

Gonca Ozgun ◽

Kadri Akinci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Cell Density ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽

Vascular Density ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract Introduction Stasis zone is the encircling area of the coagulation zone which is a critical area determining the depth and width of the necrosis in burn patients. In our study we aim to salvage the stasis zone by injecting adipose derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF). Methods Intraperitoneal Streptozotocin was administered for the induction of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the development of DM was confirmed by the measurement of blood glucose levels in the blood samples with blood glucometer weekly 48 hours after injection. Rats with blood glucose levels above 200 mg/dl were accepted as diabetic. The diabetic animals were followed for 4 weeks before the intervention. Thermal injury was applied on dorsum of diabetic Sprague – Dawley rats (n=20) according to the previously described ‘‘comb burn’’ model. After the burn injury (30 minutes) on Sprague - Dawley rats; rat dorsum was separated into 2 equal parts consisting of 4 burn zones (3 stasis zone) on each pair. ADSVF cells harvested from inguinal fat pads of diabetic Sprague - Dawley rats (n=5) were injected on the right side while same amount of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) injected on the left side of the same animal. One week later, average vital tissue on the statis zone was determined by macroscopy, angiography and microscopy. Vascular density, inflammatory cell density and gradient of fibrosis were determined via immunohistochemical assay. Results Macroscopic stasis zone tissue survivability percentage (32 ± 3.28 %, 57 ± 4.28 %), average number of vessels (10.28 ± 1.28, 19.43 ± 1.72), capillary count (15.67 ± 1.97, 25.35 ± 2.15) and vascular density (1.55 ± 0.38, 2.14 ± 0.45) were higher on ADSVF side. Fibrosis gradient (1.87 ± 0.51, 1.50 ± 0.43) and inflammatory cell density (1.33 ± 0.40, 1.20 ± 0.32) were higher on the PBS side. Conclusions Macroscopic and microscopic findings determined that ADSVF has a statistically significant benefit for salvaging stasis zone on acute burn injuries in DM.

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Kinetic impairment of nitrogen and muscle glutamine metabolisms in old glucocorticoid-treated rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.3.e558 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 276 (3) ◽

pp. E558-E564 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Regine Minet-Quinard ◽

Christophe Moinard ◽

Françoise Villie ◽

Stephane Walrand ◽

Marie-Paule Vasson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Synthetase Activity ◽

Aged Rats ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

End Of Treatment ◽

Catabolic State ◽

Old Rats

Aged rats are more sensitive to injury, possibly through an impairment of nitrogen and glutamine (Gln) metabolisms mediated by glucocorticoids. We studied the metabolic kinetic response of adult and old rats during glucocorticoid treatment. The male Sprague-Dawley rats were 24 or 3 mo old. Both adult and old rats were divided into 7 groups. Groups labeled G3, G5, and G7 received, by intraperitoneal injection, 1.50 mg/kg of dexamethasone (Dex) for 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively. Groups labeled G3PF, G5PF, and G7PF were pair fed to the G3, G5, or G7 groups and were injected with an isovolumic solution of NaCl. One control group comprised healthy rats fed ad libitum. The response to aggression induced specifically by Dex (i.e., allowing for variations in pair-fed controls) appeared later in the aged rats (decrease in nitrogen balance from day 1 in adults but only from day 4 in old rats). The adult rats rapidly adapted to Dex treatment, whereas the catabolic state worsened until the end of treatment in the old rats. Gln homeostasis was not maintained in the aged rats; despite an early increase in muscular Gln synthetase activity, the Gln pool was depleted. These results suggest a kinetic impairment of both nitrogen and muscle Gln metabolisms in response to Dex with aging.

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Juxtamedullary microvascular dysfunction during the hyperfiltration stage of diabetes mellitus

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1994.267.1.f99 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 267 (1) ◽

pp. F99-F105 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

K. Ohishi ◽

M. I. Okwueze ◽

R. C. Vari ◽

P. K. Carmines

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Vasoconstrictor Response ◽

Wide Range ◽

Single Nephron

This study was designed to identify and localize defects in renal microvascular function during the hyperfiltration stage of diabetes mellitus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intravenously with 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (IDDM rats) or vehicle (sham rats). IDDM rats received insulin (3 U.kg-1.day-1) via an osmotic minipump; sham rats received diluent. During the ensuing 2-wk period, blood glucose levels averaged 89 +/- 2 mg/dl in 33 sham rats and 290 +/- 13 mg/dl in 37 IDDM rats. At the end of this period, inulin clearance was elevated in eight IDDM rats (1.43 +/- 0.17 ml.min-1.g kidney wt-1) compared with six sham rats (0.78 +/- 0.05 ml.min-1.g kidney wt-1). The remaining animals served as tissue donors for study of the renal microvasculature using the in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron technique. Kidneys from sham and IDDM rats were perfused with homologous blood at a renal arterial pressure of 110 mmHg. Juxtamedullary single-nephron glomerular filtration rate was higher in IDDM rats (41.5 +/- 5.4 nl/min) than in sham rats (25.4 +/- 2.4 nl/min). Afferent arteriolar inside diameter was greater in IDDM rats (34 +/- 2 microns) than in sham rats (22 +/- 1 microns); however, efferent arteriolar diameter did not differ between groups. The afferent arteriolar vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine (NE) was attenuated in IDDM rats, relative to sham rats, over a wide range of NE concentrations. In contrast, NE evoked similar degrees of efferent vasoconstriction in IDDM and sham rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Influence of GABA and GABA-producing Lactobacillus brevis DPC 6108 on the development of diabetes in a streptozotocin rat model

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2015.0154 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 409-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

T.M. Marques ◽

E. Patterson ◽

R. Wall ◽

O. O’Sullivan ◽

G.F. Fitzgerald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Lactobacillus Brevis ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Metabolic Markers ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Intestinal Length ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

The aim of this study was to investigate if dietary administration of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing Lactobacillus brevis DPC 6108 and pure GABA exert protective effects against the development of diabetes in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. In a first experiment, healthy rats were divided in 3 groups (n=10/group) receiving placebo, 2.6 mg/kg body weight (bw) pure GABA or L. brevis DPC 6108 (~109microorganisms). In a second experiment, rats (n=15/group) were randomised to five groups and four of these received an injection of STZ to induce type 1 diabetes. Diabetic and non-diabetic controls received placebo [4% (w/v) yeast extract in dH2O], while the other three diabetic groups received one of the following dietary supplements: 2.6 mg/kg bw GABA (low GABA), 200 mg/kg bw GABA (high GABA) or ~109 L. brevis DPC 6108. L. brevis DPC 6108 supplementation was associated with increased serum insulin levels (P<0.05), but did not alter other metabolic markers in healthy rats. Diabetes induced by STZ injection decreased body weight (P<0.05), increased intestinal length (P<0.05) and stimulated water and food intake. Insulin was decreased (P<0.05), whereas glucose was increased (P<0.001) in all diabetic groups, compared with non-diabetic controls. A decrease (P<0.01) in glucose levels was observed in diabetic rats receiving L. brevis DPC 6108, compared with diabetic-controls. Both the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota were affected by diabetes. Microbial diversity in diabetic rats supplemented with low GABA was not reduced (P>0.05), compared with non-diabetic controls while all other diabetic groups displayed reduced diversity (P<0.05). L. brevis DPC 6108 attenuated hyperglycaemia induced by diabetes but additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms involved in this reduction.

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EXCRETION OF CATECHOL AMINES BY WHITE RATS IN THE COLD

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y64-061 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 567-577 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lorraine C. Smith ◽

L.-P. Dugal

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

White Rats ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Old Rats ◽

Catechol Amines ◽

Sustained Increase

Exposure of white rats to 2 °C for 20 weeks caused an immediate and sustained increase in the excretion of catechol amines as compared to controls kept at 23 °C. Adrenaline excretion increased approximately three to four times while noradrenaline excretion increased about eight times. There were no marked differences between Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats in the amounts of adrenaline and noradrenaline excreted at 23 °C or 2 °C. 'Old' rats kept in activity cages excreted much more of the catechol amines both at 23 °C and 2 °C than did the other rats and they showed a peak for adrenaline excretion after 1 week and for noradrenaline excretion after 3 to 4 weeks in the cold.

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Ventilatory responses to ozone are reduced in immature rats

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.2000.88.6.2023 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 88 (6) ◽

pp. 2023-2030 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

S. A. Shore ◽

J. H. Abraham ◽

I. N. Schwartzman ◽

G. G. Krishna Murthy ◽

J. D. Laporte

Keyword(s):

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Ventilatory Response ◽

Minute Ventilation ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Ventilatory Responses ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Immature Rats ◽

Old Rats ◽

Induced Changes

During ozone (O3) exposure, adult rats decrease their minute ventilation (V˙e). To determine whether such changes are also observed in immature animals, Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12 wk, were exposed to O3(2 ppm) in nose-only-exposure plethysmographs. BaselineV˙e normalized for body weight decreased with age from 2.1 ± 0.1 ml ⋅ min−1⋅ g−1in 2-wk-old rats to 0.72 ± 0.03 ml ⋅ min−1⋅ g−1in 12-wk-old rats, consistent with the higher metabolic rates of younger animals. In adult (8- and 12-wk-old) rats, O3caused 40–50% decreases in V˙e that occurred primarily as the result of a decrease in tidal volume. In 6-wk-old rats, O3-induced changes inV˙e were significantly less, and in 2- and 4-wk-old rats, no significant changes inV˙e were observed during O3exposure. The increased baseline V˙e and the smaller decrements in V˙e induced by O3in the immature rats imply that their delivered dose of O3is much higher than in adult rats. To determine whether these differences in O3dose influence the extent of injury, we measured bronchoalveolar lavage protein concentrations. The magnitude of the changes in bronchoalveolar lavage induced by O3was significantly greater in 2- than in 8-wk-old rats (267 ± 47 vs. 165 ± 22%, respectively, P < 0.05). O3exposure also caused a significant increase in PGE2in 2-wk-old but not in adult rats. The results indicate that the ventilatory response to O3is absent in 2-wk-old rats and that lack of this response, in conjunction with a greater specific ventilation, leads to greater lung injury.

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