scholarly journals Biomedical Science to Tackle the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Zamora-Ledezma ◽  
David F. Clavijo C. ◽  
Ernesto Medina ◽  
Federico Sinche ◽  
Nelson Santiago Vispo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The World ◽  
Infection Mechanisms ◽  
Current Impact

The coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic emerged at the end of 2019, and was caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has resulted in an unprecedented health and economic crisis worldwide. One key aspect, compared to other recent pandemics, is the level of urgency, which has started a race for finding adequate answers. Solutions for efficient prevention approaches, rapid, reliable, and high throughput diagnostics, monitoring, and safe therapies are needed. Research across the world has been directed to fight against COVID-19. Biomedical science has been presented as a possible area for combating the SARS-CoV-2 virus due to the unique challenges raised by the pandemic, as reported by epidemiologists, immunologists, and medical doctors, including COVID-19’s survival, symptoms, protein surface composition, and infection mechanisms. While the current knowledge about the SARS-CoV-2 virus is still limited, various (old and new) biomedical approaches have been developed and tested. Here, we review the current status and future perspectives of biomedical science in the context of COVID-19, including nanotechnology, prevention through vaccine engineering, diagnostic, monitoring, and therapy. This review is aimed at discussing the current impact of biomedical science in healthcare for the management of COVID-19, as well as some challenges to be addressed.

scholarly journals Current Status of- and Future Perspectives in- Bacterial Degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Nzila ◽  
Musa M. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which consist of low-molecular-weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs) and high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs), form an important class of pollutants. Pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are the main pollutants belonging to HMW-PAHs, and their degradation by microorganisms remains an important strategy for their removal from the environments. Extensive studies have been carried out on the isolation and characterisation of microorganisms that actively degrade LMW-PAHs, and to a certain extent, the HMW-PAH pyrene. However, so far, limited work has been carried out on BaP biodegradation. BaP consists of five fused aromatic rings, which confers this compound a high stability, rendering it less amenable to biodegradation. The current review summarizes the emerging reports on BaP biodegradation. More specifically, work carried out on BaP bacterial degradation and current knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of BaP degradation are highlighted. Moreover, new avenues of research on BaP degradation are proposed, specifically in the context of the development of “omics” approaches

scholarly journals Use of artificial intelligence in imaging in rheumatology – current status and future perspectives

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e001063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berend Stoel
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Interpretation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

After decades of basic research with many setbacks, artificial intelligence (AI) has recently obtained significant breakthroughs, enabling computer programs to outperform human interpretation of medical images in very specific areas. After this shock wave that probably exceeds the impact of the first AI victory of defeating the world chess champion in 1997, some reflection may be appropriate on the consequences for clinical imaging in rheumatology. In this narrative review, a short explanation is given about the various AI techniques, including ‘deep learning’, and how these have been applied to rheumatological imaging, focussing on rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis as examples. By discussing the principle limitations of AI and deep learning, this review aims to give insight into possible future perspectives of AI applications in rheumatology.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic surgery for splenic injuries in the era of non-operative management: current status and future perspectives

Surgery Today ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Romeo ◽  
Francesco Bagolini ◽  
Silvia Ferro ◽  
Matteo Chiozza ◽  
Serafino Marino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Splenic Injury ◽  
Nonoperative Management ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Splenic Trauma ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Encapsulated Bacteria ◽  
Non Operative Management

AbstractThe spleen is one of the organs most commonly injured by blunt abdominal trauma. It plays an important role in immune response to infections, especially those sustained by encapsulated bacteria. Nonoperative management (NOM), comprising clinical and radiological observation with or without angioembolization, is the treatment of choice for traumatic splenic injury in patients who are hemodynamically stable. However, this strategy carries a risk of failure, especially for high-grade injuries. No clear predictors of failure have been identified, but minimally invasive surgery for splenic injury is gaining popularity. Laparoscopic surgery has been proposed as an alternative to open surgery for hemodynamically stable patients who require surgery, such as after failed NOM. We reviewed research articles on laparoscopic surgery for hemodynamically stable patients with splenic trauma to explore the current knowledge about this topic. After presenting an overview of the treatments for splenic trauma and the immunological function of the spleen, we try to identify the future indications for laparoscopic surgery in the era of NOM.

scholarly journals A crucial Psychological Analysis of Mental Anxieties of Job-seekers and Working Classes in Society

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAWNI DUTTA ◽  
Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
The World

Corona Virus Infectious Disease (COVID-19) appeared on Earth in December, 2019. This life-threatening disease is taking away numerous human lives at an exponential rate throughout the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a presently appeared (epidemiological) situation due to this infectious disease as Pandemic. This disease not only threatens public health but also socio-economic conditions are also negatively affected by the current scenario. The working environment is devastated by the global virus pandemic situation. In this paper, different classes of peoples such as job-seekers, current employees and their current status are to be considered. It presents concentrations to assess different perspectives of mental conditions of a specific class of peoples. During the pandemic situation, job-seekers feel insecure regarding their placement since campus interviews either online or offline have not occurred due to COVID-19. In addition, currently employed workers are also mentally annoyed about their job-loss due to the financial scenario of the industries are not in a stable condition. In these cases, stress, depression and anxiety are quite evident. To carry out the research for both of these aforementioned cases, 500 students and (specify no. of) employees are surveyed for the period from April 2020 to July, 2020. The collected data are focused on peoples of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. This research work uses Machine Learning (ML) algorithm to assess mental well-being of job-seekers as well as currently placed workers. A hybrid model is presented in this paper that detects mental health status of job-seekers and existing employees. The hybrid model has a mixture of Deep Learning (DL) technique with Convolutional Neural Network. It is a predictive model consisting of two major components such as, CNN and Long-Short term memory (LSTM). LSTM is a variant of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This model is applied on the collected data for finding the status of mental anxieties of both classes. Experimental results imply that mental well-beings of job-seekers and presently working employees are predicted with an accuracy of 93.22% and 89.69% respectively. It concludes that the working peoples are more affected than those who may be a working class in near future.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Thrombosis Predisposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Renata Gerculy ◽  
Camelia Libenciuc ◽  
Nora Rat ◽  
Monica Chitu ◽  
Imre Benedek
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Coagulation Disorders ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Disease Spreading ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractThe novel coronavirus disease first appeared in Wuhan (China) is an infectious disease spreading throughout the world, causing life-threatening conditions in vulnerable or even healthy individuals. The great impact of this virus on healthcare urges physicians to investigate all aspects of the disease in order to overcome its complications. A particularly investigated aspect of the SARS-CoV-2 infection is represented by the coagulation disorders among infected and critically ill patients. Several studies observed modified blood coagulation parameters such as D-dimers, fibrinogen, and coagulation times. Moreover, the severe thrombotic complications, mainly pulmonary embolism, could be responsible for the high mortality and poorer outcomes of COVID-19 infected patients. The aim of this article is to present the current knowledge related to thrombosis predisposition in patients infected with the new coronavirus.

scholarly journals Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Protocol For Prevention And Treatment (Covalyse®)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Noël Mputu Kanyinda
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an extremely infectious disease and has already infected nearly seven million people and caused more than 402,852 deaths in the world. Based on our current knowledge of this virus and in the absence of a vaccine, this article is an attempt to propose ways to prevent, treat and control the COVID-19 virus, using medicinal plants such as Eucalyptus globulus Labill, Cymbopogon citratus, Mentha, citrus, Zingiber officinale, Syzygium aromaticum which have been shown to be effective.

Greenhouse Gas Analyzing Platform using Ground Sites, Aircraft, Ships, and Satellite-based Data: Japan's Contribution to the Paris Agreement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuko Saigusa ◽  
Toshinobu Machida ◽  
Shin-ichiro Nakaoka ◽  
Tsuneo Matsunaga ◽  
Hiroshi Tanimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Earth Observations ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Emissions ◽  
Data Coverage

<p>Asia, as one of the world’s largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters, has a responsibility to play an important role to turn the goals of Paris Agreement into reality. Urgent needs in Earth observations for GHGs are to reduce uncertainties in their source and sink estimations and to identify current knowledge gaps and requirement for further international collaboration. Estimating anthropogenic and natural emissions based on observations for GHGs has a great potential for providing additional sources of information that can support estimating the impacts of mitigation actions. Discussions will be focused on current status and challenges from Japan's relevant GHG observation and analysis to improve up-to-date analysis systems and data coverage particularly in Asia–Oceania for better estimation of the distribution of anthropogenic and natural sinks and sources with sufficient accuracy.</p>

Tiger Beetles’ (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Cicindelinae) pupal stage: current state of knowledge and future perspectives 

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4226 (3) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ S. ROZA ◽  
JOSÉ R. M. MERMUDES
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Tiger Beetle ◽  
Tiger Beetles ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World

The tiger beetles (Carabidae: Cicindelinae) include about 2,822 species and 120 genera around the world. They are one of the most widely studied families of Coleoptera. However, the knowledge about their immature stages is incipient and usually restricted to the larval stages. Pupal characteristics have been among the most ignored aspects of tiger beetle biology. Here we compile and update the current knowledge of tiger beetle pupae. 

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