scholarly journals Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Iris Species Growing in Iraqi Kurdistan and Phenolic Constituents of the Traditional Plant Iris postii

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin ◽  
Faiq H. S. Hussain ◽  
Soran K. Najmaldin ◽  
Zaw Min Thu ◽  
Mohammed Farhad Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Traditional Remedies ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Total Antioxidant

A dozen Iris species (Iridaceae) are considered traditional remedies in Kurdistan, especially for treating inflammations. Phytochemical studies are still scarce. The information reported in the literature about Iris species growing in Kurdistan has been summarized in the first part of this paper, although, except for Iris persica, investigations have been performed on vegetal samples collected in countries different from Kurdistan. In the second part of the work, we have investigated, for the first time, the contents of the methanolic extracts of Iris postii aerial parts and rhizomes that were collected in Kurdistan. Both extracts exhibited a significant dose-dependent free radical scavenging and total antioxidant activities, comparable to those of ascorbic acid. Medium-pressure liquid chromatographic separations of the two extracts afforded l-tryptophan, androsin, isovitexin, swertisin, and 2″-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl swertisin from the aerial parts, whereas ε-viniferin, trans-resveratrol 3,4′-O-di-β-d-glucopyranoside, and isotectorigenin were isolated from the rhizomes. This is the first finding of the last three metabolites from an Iris species. The various remarkable biological activities of isolated compounds scientifically sustain the traditional use of I. postii as a medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Profiling and Antioxidant, Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities of Hyphaene thebaica

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Taha ◽  
Ibrahim B. Abdel-Farid ◽  
Hassan A. Elgebaly ◽  
Usama A. Mahalel ◽  
Mohamed G. Sheded ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Positive Correlations

This study investigated the metabolic content and biological activities of Hyphaene thebaica leaves, male parts and fruits methanolic extracts. The phytochemical constituents were determined, and multivariate data analysis discriminated the evaluated three parts into three groups according to the content of phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, saponins, anthocyanins and tannins. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiling of polyphenols revealed the dominance of catechins, rutin and apigenin-7-glucosides in leaves, protocatechuin, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, vanillic, rosmarinic, p-coumaric acids and chrysin in male parts, and chlorogenic acid in fruits. Leaves and male parts showed stronger free radical scavenging activity than the fruits. Positive correlations between total antioxidant capacity and carbohydrates, phenolics and flavonols were observed. The three extracts exhibited potent anti-cancer activity against liver and lung carcinoma cell lines. All extracts exhibited antibacterial activity, while only fruits showed antifungal efficacy. In conclusion, H. thebaica leaves, male parts and fruits contain a variety of phytochemicals with antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Tunisian Native Mentha pulegium L. Extracts: Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Jed Jebali ◽  
Hanene Ghazghazi ◽  
Chedia Aouadhi ◽  
Ines ELBini-Dhouib ◽  
Ridha Ben Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Remedies

Mint species (Lamiaceae family) have been used as traditional remedies for the treatment of several diseases. In this work, we aimed to characterize the biological activities of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Mentha pulegium L. extracts collected from two different regions of Tunisia. The highest amounts of total phenols (74.45 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (28.87 ± 0.02 mg RE/g DW), and condensed tannins (4.35 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) were found in the Bizerte locality. Methanolic leaf extracts were subjected to HPLC-UV analysis in order to identify and quantify the phenolic composition. This technique allowed us to identify seven phenolic compounds: two phenolic acids and five flavonoid compounds, such as eriocitrin, hesperidin, narirutin, luteolin, and isorhoifolin, which were found in both extracts with significant differences between samples collected from the different regions (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our results showed that the methanolic extract from leaves collected from Bizerte had the highest antioxidant activities (DPPH IC50 value of 16.31 μg/mL and 570.08 μmol Fe2+/g, respectively). Both extracts showed high radical-scavenging activity as well as significant antimicrobial activity against eight tested bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram-positive bacteria with inhibition zone diameters and MIC values ranging between 19 and 32 mm and 40 and 160 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, at 10 μg/mL, the extract had a significant effect on cell proliferation of U87 human glioblastoma cells. These findings open perspectives for the use of Mentha pulegium L. extract in green pharmacy, alternative/complementary medicine, and natural preventive therapies for the development of effective antioxidant, antibacterial, and/or antitumoral drugs.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities of Crude and Purified Leonurus cardiaca Extracts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Simone Angeloni ◽  
Eleonora Spinozzi ◽  
Filippo Maggi ◽  
Gianni Sagratini ◽  
Giovanni Caprioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Leonurus Cardiaca

Leonurus cardiaca L. (Lamiaceae) is a perennial herb distributed in Asia and Southeastern Europe and has been used in traditional medicine since antiquity for its role against cardiac and gynecological disorders. The polar extracts obtained from L. cardiaca aerial parts contain several compounds among which alkaloids, iridoids, labdane diterpenes, and phenylethanoid glycosides play a major role in conferring protection against the aforementioned diseases. On the other hand, the antioxidant activities and the enzyme inhibitory properties of these extracts have not yet been deeply studied. On the above, in the present study, crude and purified extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of L. cardiaca and have been chemically characterized by spectrophotometric assays and HPLC-DAD-MS analyses. Notably, the content of twelve secondary metabolites, namely phenolic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, caffeoylmalic and trans-ferulic acids), flavonoids (rutin and quercetin), phenylethanoid glycosides (verbascoside and lavandulifolioside), guanidine pseudoalkaloids (leonurine), iridoids (harpagide), diterpenes (forskolin), and triterpenes (ursolic acid), has been determined. Furthermore, the extracts were tested for their antioxidant capabilities (phosphomolybdenum, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC, and ferrous chelating assays) and enzyme inhibitory properties against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase, and glucosidase. The purified extracts contained higher phytochemical content than the crude ones, with caffeoylmalic acid and verbascoside as the most abundant compounds. A linear correlation between total phenolics, radical scavenging activity, and reducing power of extracts has been found. Notably, quercetin, caffeic acid, lavandulifolioside, verbascoside, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and ursolic acid influenced the main variations in the bioactivities found in L. cardiaca extracts. Our findings provide further insights into the chemico-biological traits of L. cardiaca and a scientific basis for the development of nutraceuticals and food supplements.

scholarly journals Green Solvent to Substitute Hexane for Bioactive Lipids Extraction from Black Cumin and Basil Seeds

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Soumaya Bourgou ◽  
Iness Bettaieb Rebey ◽  
Sofiene Ben Kaab ◽  
Majdi Hammami ◽  
Sarra Dakhlaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Total Antioxidant

A comparative study of bioactive lipids extraction from black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds using conventional petroleum-based solvent and green solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF) was performed. MeTHF extraction allowed obtaining the highest oil yield in black cumin (34%). Regarding fatty acids composition, linoleic acid (61%) and α-linolenic (78%) were relevant in black cumin and basil green and conventionally extracted oils, respectively. Besides, MeTHF allowed obtaining higher tocopherols and total phenolics contents in black cumin (400 mg/kg of oil and 12 mg EGA/g oil) and basil (317 mg/kg oil and 5 mg EGA/g oil) compared to hexane-extracted ones. The content of major phenolic compounds in the two seed oils, trans-hydroxycinnamic acid, rosmarinic acid, and thymol was enhanced by MeTHF extraction. Furthermore, MeTHF-extracted oils possess stronger antioxidant activities (radical scavenging, total antioxidant, and β-carotene bleaching activities) and high and similar anti-inflammatory capacity to hexane-extracted oils. In conclusion, the results revealed that MeTHF is efficient to replace hazardous solvents to extract oil from black cumin and basil seeds rich in compounds relevant to the human diet, including essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3), tocopherols, and phenolic compounds with improved biological activities.

scholarly journals Diurnal variation of the chemical composition and its repercussion on the biological activity polyphenolics of Salvia officinalis aerial parts

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Safa Rguez ◽  
amel Msaada ◽  
Majdi Hammami ◽  
Mejda Daami Remadi ◽  
Ikbel Chayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Total Antioxidant

This study reported the diurnal variation of the chemical composition and biological activities of phenolic compounds of Salvia officinalis cultivated in Tunisia. The HPLC determination of different phenolic compounds showed that the amounts of total polyphenols reach its maximum at 7 am. Estimation of the antioxidant activity of different methanolic extracts of Salvia officinalis showed that the extract of 5 pm had the most effective antiradical power against DPPH and the best iron reducing capacity. The strongest total antioxidant capacity was recorded for extracts of 12 and 5 pm. The methanol extracts of sage also have a capacity to reduce the appetence of Spodoptera littoralis larvae. This activity did not vary with the harvesting time.

scholarly journals Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of various extracts of aerial parts of Fagonia indica Burm. F.

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-797
Author(s):  
Atiq-ur-Rehman ◽  
Abida Latif ◽  
Nasir Abbas ◽  
Imran Waheed ◽  
Atta-ur-Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Purpose: To investigate in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic potentials of Fagonia indica Burm.f. Var. indica in order to provide scientific evidence for its traditional use. Methods: Cold maceration method was employed for the preparation of extracts of aerial parts of the plant using chloroform, n-hexane, methanol and water as solvents. Total flavonoid and polyphenolic content of various extracts were determined by standard methods. The antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of the extracts were determined using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and in vitro αglucosidase (maltase) inhibitory assays, respectively. Results: Preliminary results indicated the presence of various phytochemicals in the extracts. The chloroform extract exhibited the highest contents of total flavonoids (65.98 ± 1.63 mg QE/g) and polyphenols (26.75 ± 1.09 mg GAE/g). This extract also showed the highest free radical scavenging (64.74 ± 1.43 %) with IC50 value of 34.18 ± 5.57 µg/mL while the methanol extract exerted the highest αglucosidase (maltase) inhibitory activity (45.22 ± 0.46 %) with half-maximal concentration (IC50) of 220.4 ± 0.41 µg/mL. Conclusion: The extracts of the aerial parts of Fagonia indica possess significant anti-diabetic and antioxidant effect, thus justifying the traditional use of the plant for treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities ofSalvia fruticosa: An HPLC Determination of Phenolic Contents

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Boukhary ◽  
Karim Raafat ◽  
Asser I. Ghoneim ◽  
Maha Aboul-Ela ◽  
Abdalla El-Lakany
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objectives.Salvia fruticosaMill. (S. fruticosa) is widely used in folk medicine. Accordingly, the present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities ofS. fruticosa, and to determine the phenolic constituents of its extracts.Methods. The antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic contents were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and high-performance liquid chromatography was performed to identify phenolic constituents. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema was determined plethysmographically.Key Findings. Different plant extracts demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity, where the ethyl acetate extract had the highest value in the roots and the lowest in the aerial parts. This antioxidant activity was correlated to the total phenolic content of different extracts, where rutin and luteolin were the most abundant constituents. Interestingly, both the roots and aerial parts revealed a significant anti-inflammatory activity comparable to diclofenac.Conclusions. This study is the first to demonstrate pharmacologic evidence of the potential anti-inflammatory activity ofS. fruticosa. This activity may partly be due to the radical scavenging effects of its polyphenolic contents. These findings warrant the popular use of the East Mediterranean sage and highlight the potential of its active constituents in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.

scholarly journals An Investigation of free radical scavenging activity of various extracts of Olax scandens (family Olacaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Pranaya P ◽  
AkilaDevi D
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Olax scandens Roxb. (family Olacaceae) Available in throughout tropical India. The current study, aerial parts of different extracts of Olax scandens by different in-vitro methods. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity(OH radical), Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity(NO radical), and total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdic acid method) with reference standard Ascorbic acid. An IC50 value was originated that methanolic extracts of Olax scandensis more efficient in Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide radical scavenging, total antioxidant activity than that of EA and petroleum ether extract. The methanolic  extracts  of Olax scandens & ascorbate exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 253µg/ml & 135µg/ml (NO radical ), 205µg/ml & 57µg/ml (Phosphomolybdic acid method), 265µg/ml & 65µg/ml (OH radical) respectively. But when compared to all the three extracts with ascorbate (standard), the methanolic extract of the Olax scandens showed a better result. Moreover, the results were observed in a concentration-dependent manner. Invitro antioxidant studies obviously showed that methanolic extracts of Olax scandens have better antioxidant activity. These results indicate that aerial parts of methanolic concentrates Olax scandals could serve as a natural antioxidant, which may be useful to prevent free radical-induced diseases.

scholarly journals In vitro Anticoccidial, Antioxidant Activities and Biochemical Screening of Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Selected Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Wajiha .
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Screening ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Avian coccidiosis, a protozoan parasitic disease caused by genus Eimeria. Due to emergence of drug resistant Eimeria species, this study was aimed to evaluate anticoccidial potentials of Ficus racemosa, Cassia fistula and Syzygium cumini leaves extracts. In vitro anticoccidial efficacy of extracts was evaluated by oocysts sporulation inhibition and sporozoites viability inhibition assays of mixed Eimeria species oocysts. The set up was examined after 48hrs of incubation. DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity were used for the evaluation of antioxidant potential of extracts. Among tested extracts maximum oocysts sporulation inhibition 86.81±2.35% and sporozoites viability inhibition was 86.73±1.67% at concentration 30 mg/ml of C. fistula methanolic leaves extract against E. mitis and E. tenella respectively. Highest radical scavenging capacity 67.82±0.00 and reducing power 2.17±0.01 was shown by F. racemosa and C. fistula methanolic leaves extract respectively. Maximum total antioxidant power was observed in C. fistula 30.95±0.35 and F. racemosa 21.93±1.41µg/mg methanolic leaves extracts. Antioxidant compounds including phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, carbohydrates etc. were detected through biochemical screening of selected plants extracts. The maximum amount of phenols 32.50±0.00µg/ml and flavonoids 40.00±1.00µg/ml were recorded in C. fistula methanolic extracts. It is concluded that selected plants methanolic extracts possess best anticoccidial and antioxidant activities due to presence of medicinally important phytochemicals. Further research is needed for identification and isolation of anticoccidial active compounds from these plants that can be used in the formulation of drugs against coccidiosis

Biological Activities of Carlina Oxide Isolated from the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imane Rihab Mami ◽  
Rania Belabbes ◽  
Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽  
Boufeldja Tabti ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Background: Carthamus caeruleus belongs to the Asteraceae family. The roots are traditionally used as healing agents. They help to heal burns and treat skin diseases. They are also used against joint inflammation and are very effective against diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome for cancer patients. Objectives: The purpose of this work was i) to study the chemical composition of i) the essential oil and hydrosol extract of Carthamus caeruleus, ii) to isolate the major component of both extracts and iii) to evaluate their antioxidant, antifungal and insecticidal activities. Methods: The essential oil and hydrosol extract obtained from the roots were studied by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant activities were performed using two different methods i) Radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ii) the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), using BHT as a positive control. Whereas, the antifungal activity of the essential oil and Carlina oxide was investigated against plant fungi. The fumigation toxicity of C. caeruleus essential oil besides Carlina oxide was evaluated against adults of Bactrocera oleae better known as the olive fly. Results: The essential oil and hydrosol extract were mainly represented by acetylenic compounds such as carline oxide and 13-methoxy carline oxide. Carlina oxide was isolated and identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic means. The results showed that Carlina oxide presented interesting antioxidant and antifungal properties, while C. caeruleus root essential oil had better insecticidal activity. Furthermore, Carlina oxide has demonstrated promising in vivo antifungal activity to control infection of apples by Penicillium expansum. Conclusion: Carlina oxide can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical fungicides to protect stored apple against Penicillium expansum.

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