scholarly journals Bertholletia excelsa Seeds Reduce Anxiety-Like Behavior, Lipids, and Overweight in Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3212
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Frausto-González ◽  
Claudia J. Bautista ◽  
Fernando Narváez-González ◽  
Alberto Hernandez-Leon ◽  
Erika Estrada-Camarena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Bertholletia Excelsa ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Lipid Reduction ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

Overweight, obesity, and psychiatric disorders are serious health problems. To evidence the anxiolytic-like effects and lipid reduction in mice receiving a high-calorie diet and Bertholletia excelsa seeds in a nonpolar extract (SBHX, 30 and 300 mg/kg), animals were assessed in open-field, hole-board, and elevated plus-maze tests. SBHX (3 and 10 mg/kg) potentiated the pentobarbital-induced hypnosis. Chronic administration of SBHX for 40 days was given to mice fed with a hypercaloric diet to determine the relationship between water and food intake vs. changes in body weight. Testes, epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), and liver were dissected to analyze fat content, triglycerides, cholesterol, and histological effects after administering the hypercaloric diet and SBHX. Fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid (0.14%), palmitic acid (21.42%), linoleic acid (11.02%), oleic acid (59.97%), and stearic acid (7.44%), were identified as constituents of SBHX, producing significant anxiolytic-like effects and preventing body-weight gain in mice receiving the hypercaloric diet without altering their water or food consumption. There was also a lipid-lowering effect on the testicular tissue and eWAT and a reduction of adipocyte area in eWAT. Our data evidence beneficial properties of B. excelsa seeds influencing global health concerns such as obesity and anxiety.

Chronic administration of nalmefene leads to increased food intake and body weight gain in mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 495 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Z Chen ◽  
Ruey-Ruey C Huang ◽  
Chun-Pyn Shen ◽  
Douglas J MacNeil ◽  
Tung M Fong
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chronic Administration

Metabolic effects of chronic infusions of epinephrine and norepinephrine in rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. E518-E522 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Racotta ◽  
L. Ramirez-Altamirano ◽  
E. Velasco-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Calculated Dose

Chronic infusions of epinephrine, norepinephrine, or vehicle were performed in adult male rats by means of subcutaneous implanted osmotic minipumps (ALZET). The calculated dose was 180 ng/min during 7-8 days. Daily food intake and body weight were measured during this period and also 7 days before and 5 days after it. During the period of infusion, norepinephrine stopped body weight gain while epinephrine-infused rats gained weight at the same rate as controls. Once the infusion period was finished, epinephrine-infused rats gained more weight than controls, while norepinephrine-infused rats just returned to the slope of weight gain of the controls. In no group did food intake change. In a second experiment, similar infusions were carried out in other rats on the same schedule; body temperature, glycemia, and serum insulin and triiodothyronine were measured. Epinephrine infusion significantly elevated glycemia and triiodothyronine, whereas norepinephrine infusion increased temperature and serum insulin. The results obtained by chronic administration of the catecholamines support the concept of a disassociation of adrenomedullary and sympathetic nervous system metabolic effects.

scholarly journals Effects of the flaxseed lignans secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and its aglycone on serum and hepatic lipids in hyperlipidaemic rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Felmlee ◽  
G. Woo ◽  
E. Simko ◽  
E. S. Krol ◽  
A. D. Muir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Flaxseed Lignans

The present study involved a comparative analysis of the effects of purified flaxseed lignans, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and its aglycone metabolite (SECO), in hyperlipidaemic rats. For hypercholesterolaemia, female Wistars (six rats per group) were fed a standard or 1 % cholesterol diet and orally administered 0, 3 or 6 mg SDG/kg or 0, 1·6 or 3·2 mg SECO/kg body weight once daily for 4 weeks. Hypertriacylglycerolaemia was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats (ten rats per group) by supplementing tap water with 10 % fructose. These rats were orally administered 0, 3 or 6 mg SDG/kg body weight once daily for 2 weeks. Fasting blood samples (12 h) were collected predose and at the end of the dosing period for serum lipid analyses. Rats were killed and livers rapidly excised and sectioned for lipid, mRNA and histological analyses. Chronic administration of equimolar amounts of SDG and SECO caused similar dose-dependent reductions in rate of body-weight gain and in serum total and LDL-cholesterol levels and hepatic lipid accumulation. SDG and SECO failed to alter hepatic gene expression of commonly reported regulatory targets of lipid homeostasis. SDG had no effect on serum TAG, NEFA, phospholipids and rate of weight gain in 10 % fructose-supplemented rats. In conclusion, our data suggest that the lignan component of flaxseed contributes to the hypocholesterolaemic effects of flaxseed consumption observed in humans. Future studies plan to identify the biochemical mechanism(s) through which flaxseed lignans exert their beneficial effects and the lignan form(s) responsible.

scholarly journals Effects of Papaya Seed Oil (Carica papaya Linn.) on Food Consumption, Weight Gain and Hormones of Animals Treated With a High Calorie Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1245-1245
Author(s):  
Lidiani Santana ◽  
Diana Aquino ◽  
Bruna Espirito Santo ◽  
Adriana Guércio ◽  
Mariana Tatara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Saline Treatment ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet ◽  
High Calorie Diet ◽  
Papaya Seed ◽  
High Calorie

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effects of papaya seed oil (Carica papaya Linn.) on food consumption, weight gain and hormonal of animals treated with a high calorie diet. Methods The project was approved by protocol no980/2018 (CEUA). Swiss, male, adult mice were used and divided into the experimental groups: control group (CT - Nuvital® diet - saline treatment), AIN-93M group (AIN-93M diet - saline treatment), HPL group (hypercaloric diet - saline treatment), HPL OS group (hypercaloric diet - soybean oil treatment), HPL AZ group (hypercaloric diet - olive oil treatment) and HPL OM group (hypercaloric diet - papaya seed oil treatment). The animals received treatment daily by gavage, 1 mL/kg, for 8 weeks. Body weight and food consumption were evaluated (Camry® analytical digital scale). At the end of the experiment, the animals were submitted to euthanasia and the blood was collected for quantification of leptin, insulin and resistin (commercial kit MADKMAG-71K®-Merck). The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, using Prisma 5.0 software (GraphPad Software, USA) (P ≤ 0.05).It was observed that the papaya seed oil reduced food consumption and body weight, as well as increased the concentration of leptin, maintaining insulin and resistin, thus being effective in combating the metabolic changes caused by the high fat diet. Results In the first month of the study, food consumption was lower in the HPL AZ and HPL OM groups than in the CT (P < 0.005), and in the second month all groups that received HPL diet consumed less if compared to the CT, being that HPL OM have significantly lower consumption than groups AIN-93M, CT and HPL (P < 0.05). At the beginning of the experiment, all animals were weighed and evenly distributed in the groups (P = 0.938). In the first and second weeks, HLP OM had a lower weight than HLP OS and HPL (P < 0.05). In the weeks that followed, the weight gain of the HLP OM group was lower compared to the groups that received a high-fat diet, but without significant difference. In the evaluation of the hormone leptin, a higher value was found in the HPL OM group (P < 0.001), with values of resistin and insulin similar to the control groups. Conclusions It was observed that the papaya seed oil reduced food consumption and body weight, as well as increased the concentration of leptin, maintaining insulin and resistin. Funding Sources CNPQ.

scholarly journals BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF BROMOCRIPTINE ON HIGH FAT DIET-INDUCED BODY WEIGHT GAIN, ADIPOSITY AND BIOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES IN WISTAR RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Amit Goyal ◽  
Anjoo Kamboj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Agonist ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Pads

 Objectives: Dopamine plays a critical role in various vital functions, including hormonal regulation, reward, emotions, and food intake. It affects on the multiple aspects of food intake that include food selection, satiety, and energy expenditure. Dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) were found to be lower in several brain regions in both obese experimental animals and humans, and it has been observed that dopamine D2 agonist bromocriptine (BC) can exert favorable metabolic changes in seasonal obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effect of chronic administration of BC a central dopamine receptor agonist on body weight gain, adiposity, and biochemical anomalies in rats.Methods: In this study, chronic administration of BC (2.5 and 5 mg/kg/day, i.p) a dopamine agonist for 8 weeks along with high-fat diet (HFD) to the obese rats which were pretreated with HFD feeding for 8 weeks on the various parameters of obesity were analyzed. The effects of these treatments on body weight, feed intake (kcal), weight and size of fat pads, levels of serum glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein were analyzed.Results: Treatment with BC (2.5 and 5 mg/kg/day, i.p) produced significant dose-dependent decrease (p<0.05) in body weight gain, feed intake (kcal), weight and size of fat pads, levels of serum glucose, TG, TC, and low-density lipoproteins as compared to HFD group. Moreover, the level of serum HDL was increased as compared to HFD group. BC a dopamine receptor agonist positively modulate the parameters of obesity, and the effect was comparable to orlistat, a well-reported drug for obesity.Conclusion: In conclusion, the study demonstrates that BC ameliorated established obesity and associated biochemical consequences.

scholarly journals Maternal obesity and late effects on offspring metabolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Sá Vido ◽  
Mariana Bocca Nejm ◽  
Neila Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Sylvia Maria Affonso Silva ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Cravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Calorimetric Analysis ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the late effects of maternal obesity induced by lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamus on offspring metabolism.Materials and methods : Thirty days after the bilateral lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamus, female rats were mated and divided into 2 groups of pregnant animals: Control (C) – false lesion (sham) and Obese (OB) – lesion. Three months after that, with the groups of mothers, offspring were divided into control and obese animals that received a normocaloric diet (C-N and OB-N), and control and obese animals that received a hypercaloric diet (C-H and OB-H). At 120 days of age, the animals were euthanized and their carcasses, feces and food were submitted to calorimetric analysis to determine energy balance and body composition.Results : During the growth period, offspring from obese mothers showed higher values of body weight and food intake than controls. Obese animals showed higher body weight gain and gross food efficiency than control animals in adulthood. The hypercaloric diet led to increased metabolizable energy intake, percentage of absorbed energy and energy expenditure in both groups. Body composition was only affected by the association of hypercaloric diet and maternal obesity that led to increased body fat.Conclusions : Maternal obesity has led to the development of later overweight in offspring, suggesting fetal programming. According to the trend presented, it is believed that the prolonged intake of hypercaloric diets in adult animals may, as an additional effect, induce worsening of the overweight induced by maternal obesity. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(3):301-7

Deletion of PTP 1B from Brain Neurons Partly Protects Mice from Diet-Induced Obesity and Minimally Improves Fertility

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline M Ancel ◽  
Maggie C Evans ◽  
Romy I Kerbus ◽  
Elliot G Wallace ◽  
Greg M Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Calorie Diet

Abstract Reproductive dysfunction in women has been linked to high calorie diet (HCD)-feeding and obesity. Central resistance to leptin and insulin have been shown to accompany diet-induced infertility in rodent studies, and we have previously shown that deleting suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, which is a negative regulator of leptin signaling, from all forebrain neurons partially protects mice from HCD-induced infertility. In this study, we were interested in exploring the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), which is a negative regulator of both leptin and insulin signaling, in the pathophysiology of HCD-induced obesity and infertility. To this end, we generated male and female neuron-specific PTP1B knockout mice and compared their body weight gain, food intake, glucose tolerance and fertility to control littermates under both normal calorie diet-feeding and HCD-feeding conditions. Both male and female mice with neuronal PTP1B deletion exhibited slower body weight gain in response to HCD-feeding, yet only male knockout mice exhibited improved glucose tolerance compared with controls. Neuronal PTP1B deletion improved the time to first litter in HCD-fed mice, but did not protect female mice from eventual HCD-induced infertility. While the mice fed a normal caloric diet remained fertile throughout the 150 day period of assessment, HCD-fed females became infertile after producing only a single litter, regardless of their genotype. These data show that neuronal PTP1B deletion is able to partially protect mice from HCD-induced obesity, but is not a critical mediator of HCD-induced infertility.

Repeated ICV administration of oxyntomodulin causes a greater reduction in body weight gain than in pair-fed rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (6) ◽  
pp. E1173-E1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Dakin ◽  
Caroline J. Small ◽  
Adrian J. Park ◽  
Asha Seth ◽  
Mohammad A. Ghatei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

Oxyntomodulin (OXM) is a product of proglucagon processing in the intestine and the central nervous system. We reported that intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intranuclear administration of OXM caused an inhibition of food intake in rats (Dakin CL, Gunn I, Small CJ, Edwards CM, Hay DL, Smith DM, Ghatei MA, and Bloom SR. Endocrinology 142: 4244–4250, 2001). In this study, we investigated the effect of twice-daily ICV administration of OXM, 1 nmol, for 7 days. A pair-fed control was included. These animals were restricted to the food intake of the OXM group but injected twice daily with saline. OXM-treated animals gained significantly less weight than either control group ( day 8: OXM, 12.2 ± 1.9 g vs. pair fed, 21.0 ± 2.1 g; P < 0.005). OXM treatment caused a reduction in epididymal white adipose tissue (OXM, 1.13 ± 0.03 g vs. pair fed, 1.29 ± 0.04 g; P < 0.05) and interscapular brown adipose tissue (OXM, 0.15 ± 0.01 g vs. pair fed, 0.18 ± 0.01 g; P < 0.05) and increased core temperature compared with saline control, suggestive of enhanced energy expenditure. The food restriction-induced suppression in plasma TSH, seen in the pair-fed group, was prevented by OXM, potentially via increased release of hypothalamic TRH. In summary, ICV OXM causes reduced body weight gain and body adiposity following chronic administration.

scholarly journals Aceriphyllum rossii Exerts Lipid-Lowering Action in Both Normal and Hyperlipidemic Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Mun Ock Kim ◽  
Jee Hee Seo ◽  
Eun Bin Kwon ◽  
Myung Ji Kang ◽  
Su Ui Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Aceriphyllum Rossii

This study aimed to evaluate the lipid-lowering effect of the MeOH extract of Aceriphyllum rossii and its CHCl3 fraction, as well as its inhibitory activity on DGAT in vitro, in normal and hyperlipidemic mice. We separated the MeOH extract of A. rossii into two portions, a CHCl3-soluble part and the remaining water residue, and performed DGAT enzymatic activity assay on them. Further assessment carried out to reveal that the MeOH extract and its CHCl3 fraction suppress the intestinal TG absorption after an acute lipid challenge, and ameliorate hyperlipidemia as well as obesity-related parameters (body weight gain, serum lipid profiles, and several adipose tissue weights) in HFD-induced obese mice. First, the MeOH extract and its CHCl3 fraction strongly inhibit DGAT1 and DGAT2 in vitro enzymatic activity. Second, the MeOH extract and the CHCl3 fraction inhibit intestinal TG absorption after an acute lipid challenge in mice. Finally, the CHCl3 fraction ameliorates various parameters of HFD-induced obesity mice, including body weight gain and serum levels of TG and glucose. Data obtained from the results obviously indicated that A. rossii prevents HFD-induced hyperlipidemia as well as obesity in mice possibly by inhibiting DGAT activity. We suggest that A. rossii MeOH extract and its CHCl3 fraction would be a useful material for the therapy of hyperlipidemia.

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