scholarly journals Leaf Age-Dependent Photosystem II Photochemistry and Oxidative Stress Responses to Drought Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Are Modulated by Flavonoid Accumulation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4157
Author(s):  
Ilektra Sperdouli ◽  
Julietta Moustaka ◽  
Georgia Ouzounidou ◽  
Michael Moustakas
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Flavonoid Accumulation

We investigated flavonoid accumulation and lipid peroxidation in young leaves (YL) and mature leaves (ML) of Arabidopsis thaliana plants, whose watering stopped 24 h before sampling, characterized as onset of drought stress (OnDS), six days before sampling, characterized as mild drought stress (MiDS), and ten days before sampling, characterized as moderate drought stress (MoDS). The response to drought stress (DS) of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, in both leaf types, was evaluated by estimating the allocation of absorbed light to photochemistry (ΦPSII), to heat dissipation by regulated non-photochemical energy loss (ΦNPQ) and to non-regulated energy dissipated in PSII (ΦNO). Young leaves were better protected at MoDS than ML leaves, by having higher concentration of flavonoids that promote acclimation of YL PSII photochemistry to MoDS, showing lower lipid peroxidation and excitation pressure (1 − qp). Young leaves at MoDS possessed lower 1 − qp values and lower excess excitation energy (EXC), not only compared to MoDS ML, but even to MiDS YL. They also possessed a higher capacity to maintain low ΦNO, suggesting a lower singlet oxygen (1O2) generation. Our results highlight that leaves of different developmental stage may display different responses to DS, due to differential accumulation of metabolites, and imply that PSII photochemistry in Arabidopsis thaliana may not show a dose dependent DS response.

scholarly journals Leaf Age-Dependent Effects of Foliar-Sprayed CuZn Nanoparticles on Photosynthetic Efficiency and ROS Generation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sperdouli ◽  
Moustaka ◽  
Antonoglou ◽  
Adamakis ◽  
Dendrinou-Samara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Young Leaves

Young and mature leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana were exposed by foliar spray to 30 mg L−1 of CuZn nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were synthesized by a microwave-assisted polyol process and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CuZn NPs effects in Arabidopsis leaves were evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis that revealed spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSΙΙ) and the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool (qp), measured 30 min, 90 min, 180 min, and 240 min after spraying. Photosystem II (PSII) function in young leaves was observed to be negatively influenced, especially 30 min after spraying, at which point increased H2O2 generation was correlated to the lower oxidized state of the PQ pool.. Recovery of young leaves photosynthetic efficiency appeared only after 240 min of NPs spray when also the level of ROS accumulation was similar to control leaves. On the contrary, a beneficial effect on PSII function in mature leaves after 30 min of the CuZn NPs spray was observed, with increased ΦPSΙΙ, an increased electron transport rate (ETR), decreased singlet oxygen (1O2) formation, and H2O2 production at the same level of control leaves.An explanation for this differential response is suggested.

scholarly journals Enhanced tolerance to drought stress resulting from Caragana korshinskii CkWRKY33 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Fengping Liang ◽  
Tianbao Zhang ◽  
Na Fu ◽  
Xinwu Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Relative Water

Abstract Background: It is well known that WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and development, defense regulation and stress responses.Results: In this study, a WRKY transcription factor, WRKY33, was cloned from Caragana korshinskii. A sequence structure analysis showed that it belonged to the Group-I type. Subcellular localization experiments in tobacco epidermal cells showed the presence of CkWRKY33 in the nucleus. Additionally, CkWRKY33 was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. A phenotypic investigation revealed that compared with wild-type plants CkWRKY33-overexpressing transgenic plants had higher survival rates, as well as relative water, soluble sugar, proline and peroxidase contents, but lower malondialdehyde contents, following a drought stress treatment.Conclusions: This suggested that the overexpression of CkWRKY33 led to an enhanced drought-stress tolerance in transgenic A. thaliana. Thus, CkWRKY33 may act as a positive regulator involved in the drought-stress responses in Caragana korshinskii.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Analysis for Elucidating the Mechanism of Photosystem II Acclimation to Cadmium Exposure in the Hyperaccumulating Plant Noccaea caerulescens

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülriz Bayçu ◽  
Julietta Moustaka ◽  
Nurbir Gevrek ◽  
Michael Moustakas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Noccaea Caerulescens ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Cd Exposure

We provide new data on the mechanism of Noccaea caerulescens acclimation to Cd exposure by elucidating the process of photosystem II (PSII) acclimation by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis. Seeds from the metallophyte N. caerulescens were grown in hydroponic culture for 12 weeks before exposure to 40 and 120 μM Cd for 3 and 4 days. At the beginning of exposure to 40 μM Cd, we observed a spatial leaf heterogeneity of decreased PSII photochemistry, that later recovered completely. This acclimation was achieved possibly through the reduced plastoquinone (PQ) pool signaling. Exposure to 120 μM Cd under the growth light did not affect PSII photochemistry, while under high light due to a photoprotective mechanism (regulated heat dissipation for protection) that down-regulated PSII quantum yield, the quantum yield of non-regulated energy loss in PSII (ΦNO) decreased even more than control values. Thus, N. caerulescens plants exposed to 120 μM Cd for 4 days exhibited lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as singlet oxygen (1O2). The response of N. caerulescens to Cd exposure fits the ‘Threshold for Tolerance Model’, with a lag time of 4 d and a threshold concentration of 40 μM Cd required for the induction of the acclimation mechanism.

scholarly journals Enhanced Tolerance to Drought Stress Resulting from Caragana Korshinskii CkWRKY33 in Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Fengping Liang ◽  
Tianbao Zhang ◽  
Na Fu ◽  
Xinwu Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Relative Water

Abstract Background: It is well known that WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and development, defense regulation and stress responses.Results: In this study, a WRKY transcription factor, WRKY33, was cloned from Caragana korshinskii. A sequence structure analysis showed that it belonged to the Group-I type. Subcellular localization experiments in tobacco epidermal cells showed the presence of CkWRKY33 in the nucleus. Additionally, CkWRKY33 was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. A phenotypic investigation revealed that compared with wild-type plants CkWRKY33-overexpressing transgenic plants had higher survival rates, as well as relative water, soluble sugar, proline and peroxidase contents, but lower malondialdehyde contents, following a drought stress treatment. Conclusions: This suggested that the overexpression of CkWRKY33 led to an enhanced drought-stress tolerance in transgenic A. thaliana. Thus, CkWRKY33 may act as a positive regulator involved in the drought-stress responses in Caragana korshinskii.

scholarly journals Drought Stress Responses in Context-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Models of Arabidopsis thaliana

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Ratklao Siriwach ◽  
Fumio Matsuda ◽  
Kentaro Yano ◽  
Masami Yokota Hirai
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Metabolic Model ◽  
Metabolic Reaction ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Genome Scale

Drought perturbs metabolism in plants and limits their growth. Because drought stress on crops affects their yields, understanding the complex adaptation mechanisms evolved by plants against drought will facilitate the development of drought-tolerant crops for agricultural use. In this study, we examined the metabolic pathways of Arabidopsis thaliana which respond to drought stress by omics-based in silico analyses. We proposed an analysis pipeline to understand metabolism under specific conditions based on a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM). Context-specific GEMs under drought and well-watered control conditions were reconstructed using transcriptome data and examined using metabolome data. The metabolic fluxes throughout the metabolic network were estimated by flux balance analysis using the context-specific GEMs. We used in silico methods to identify an important reaction contributing to biomass production and clarified metabolic reaction responses under drought stress by comparative analysis between drought and control conditions. This proposed pipeline can be applied in other studies to understand metabolic changes under specific conditions using Arabidopsis GEM or other available plant GEMs.

Exogenous proline induces soluble sugar accumulation and alleviates drought stress effects on photosystem II functioning of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Moustakas ◽  
Ilektra Sperdouli ◽  
Theodora Kouna ◽  
Chrysovalantou-Irene Antonopoulou ◽  
Ioannis Therios
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Exogenous Proline

scholarly journals Kandungan Klorofil Total Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) Yang Mengalami Cekaman Kekeringan

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Natasya Gloria Sonke ◽  
Parluhutan Siahaan ◽  
Nio Song Ai
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Codiaeum Variegatum

elah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) yang mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Tanaman puring varietas gelatik diberi perlakuan kekeringan selama 14 hari dengan tiga kali ulangan pada tanaman puring yang daunnya telah berkembang penuh (fully expanded leaf). Pengambilan sampel daun diambil pada hari ke-0 (sebelum perlakuan kekeringan dimulai), ke-7 dan ke-14 (setelah perlakuan kekeringan) yaitu pada daun tua dan daun muda pada tanaman control/diairi (DA) dan tidak diairi (TA). Kandungan klorofil daun diukur dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 649 dan 665 nm. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANAVA dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor umur daun serta interaksi antara umur daun dan waktu menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan kandungan klorofil total pada daun tanaman puring varietas gelatikA study was carried out to evaluate the total chlorophyll content of croton (Codiaeum variegatum L. var. Belvalen) leaves under drought stress. The drought stress was applied for 14 days with three replications on leaf. The fully expanded leaves (old and young leaves) were collected at day 0, 7 and 14 from control (DA) and unirrigated (TA) plants. Leaf chlorophyll content measured using a spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm wavelengths. The data were analysed by ANOVA in Completely Randomized Design at 95% confidence level and followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that leaf age factor and the interaction between leaf age and time caused differences in total chlorophyll content in the leaves of croton cv. Gelatik plants

scholarly journals Gateway cloning and in-planta transformation of drought stress responsive Ecmyb1 gene isolated from Eleusine coracana var.PRM 6107

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Megha Bhatt ◽  
Prafull Salvi ◽  
Pushpa Lohani
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Gateway Cloning

Drought is one of the key abiotic stress that critically influences the crops by restraining their growth and yield potential. Being sessile, plants tackle the detrimental effects of drought stress via modulating the cellular state by changing the gene expression. Such alteration of gene expression is essentially driven by the transcriptional syndicate. Transcription factors (TF) are the key regulatory protein that controls the expression of their target gene by binding to the cis-regulatory elements present in the promoter region. Myb-TFs ubiquitously present in all eukaryotes belong to one of the largest TF family, and play wide array of biological functions in plants including anthocyanin biosynthesis, vasculature system, cell signaling, seed maturation and abiotc stress responses. In the present study the full length Myb TF from Eleusine corocana was subcloned using Gateway cloning system and further transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana through floral dip method. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants harbouring Ecmyb1 gene were screened and grown in transgenic glasshouse under controlled conditions.

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