scholarly journals Black Garlic and Its Bioactive Compounds on Human Health Diseases: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 5028
Author(s):  
Tanvir Ahmed ◽  
Chin-Kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Black garlic (BG) is a form of aged garlic obtained from raw garlic (Allium sativum) via Millard reaction under high temperature (60–90 °C) and humidity (70–90%) for a period of time. Several studies reported higher contents of water-soluble antioxidants compounds (S-allyl cysteine, S-allyl-mercapto cysteine), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, organosulfur compounds, polyphenol, volatile compounds, and products of other Millard reactions compared to fresh garlic after the thermal processing. Recent studies have demonstrated that BG and its bioactive compounds possess a wide range of biological activities and pharmacological properties that preserve and show better efficacy in preventing different types of diseases. Most of these benefits can be attributed to its anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, hepatoprotection, hypolipidemia, anti-cancer, anti-allergy, immunomodulation, nephroprotection, cardiovascular protection, and neuroprotection. Substantial studies have been conducted on BG and its components against different common human diseases in the last few decades. Still, a lot of research is ongoing to find out the therapeutic effects of BG. Thus, in this review, we summarized the pre-clinical and clinical studies of BG and its bioactive compounds on human health along with diverse bioactivity, a related mode of action, and also future challenges.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities of Postbiotics: A review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2629-2645
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Improve Health

Several scientific evidence has shown the advantageous effects of probiotic-derived metabolites on human health. Postbiotics are a wide range of bioactive compounds derived from probiotics through a fermentation process and/or produced in pure forms in laboratory scales. These compounds have native biological activities that have been extensively studied in recent years. Immunomodulation, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and reduction of food allergies compose the most important biological roles of postbiotics. In terms of safety, it has been confirmed that postbiotics, as potential substitute elements, might be superior to their parent live cells. Also, due to their appropriate economic, technological, and clinical features, they could be employed as favorable apparatuses in the food and drug industry to improve health benefits. This review comprehensively discusses the concept of postbiotics and their characteristics, emphasizing their potential antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.

Flavonoids from marine-derived actinobacteria as anticancer drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael N. Hozzein ◽  
Mohamed Mohany ◽  
Sana M.M. Alhawsawi ◽  
Mohamed Y. Zaky ◽  
Salim S. Al-Rejaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Marine Actinobacteria ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer

: Flavonoids represent a large diverse group of natural products that are used as a traditional medicine against various infectious diseases. They possess many biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic. Commercially Flavonoids are mainly obtained from plants, however, several challenges faced that production. Microorganisms have been known as natural sources of a wide range of bioactive compounds including flavonoids. Actinobacteria are the most prolific group of microorganisms for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites hold many advantages for the production of flavonoids. The screening programs for bioactive compounds revealed the potential application of actinobacteria to produce flavonoids with interesting biological activities, especially anticancer activities. Since marine actinobacteria are recognized as a potential source of novel anticancer agents, they are highly expected to be potential producers of anticancer flavonoids with unusual structures and properties. In this review, we highlight the production of flavonoids by actinobacteria through classical fermentation, engineering of plant biosynthetic genes in a recombinant actinobacterium and the de novo biosynthesis approach. Through these approaches we can control and improve the production of interesting flavonoids or their derivatives for cancer treatment.

Ursolic Acid in Cancer Treatment and Metastatic Chemoprevention: From Synthesized Derivatives to Nanoformulations in Preclinical Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Zou ◽  
Juanfang Lin ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Ruirui Zhao ◽  
Lulu Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Candidate Drug ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis

Background:Cancer metastasis has emerged as a major public health threat that causes majority of cancer fatalities. Traditional chemotherapeutics have been effective in the past but suffer from low therapeutic efficiency and harmful side-effects. Recently, it has been reported ursolic acid (UA), one of the naturally abundant pentacyclic triterpenes, possesses a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-cancer properties. More importantly, UA has the features of low toxicity, liver protection and the potential of anti-cancer metastasis.Objective:This article aimed at reviewing the great potential of UA used as a candidate drug in the field of cancer therapy relating to suppression of tumor initiation, progression and metastasis.Methods:Selective searches were conducted in Pubmed, Google Scholar and Web of Science using the keywords and subheadings from database inception to December 2017. Systemic reviews are summarized here.Results:UA has exhibited chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of cancer mainly through inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, preventing tumor angiogenesis and metastatic. UA nanoformulations could enhance the solubility and bioavailability of UA as well as exhibit better inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastasis.Conclusion:The information presented in this article can provide useful references for further studies on making UA a promising anti-cancer drug, especially as a prophylactic metastatic agent for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Tannic Acid-Lung Fluid Assemblies Promote Interaction and Delivery of Drugs to Lung Cancer Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Hatami ◽  
Prashanth Nagesh ◽  
Pallabita Chowdhury ◽  
Subhash Chauhan ◽  
Meena Jaggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Lung Fluid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of death in both men and women in the United States. Tannic acid (TA), a water-soluble polyphenol, exhibits a wide range of biological activities. TA has received much attention as a promising compound in the biomaterial and drug delivery fields. Lung fluid (LF) is a major barrier for distribution of drugs to the lungs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine TA interaction with LF for effective delivery of anti-cancer drug molecules via pulmonary delivery. The extent of adsorption of LF proteins by TA was revealed by fluorescence quenching in fluorescence spectroscopy. The presence of LF in TA-LF complexes was noticed by the presence of protein peaks at 1653 cm−1. Both protein dot and SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed LF protein complexation at all TA concentrations employed. A stable particle TA-LF complex formation was observed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The complexation pattern measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated that it varies depending on the pH of the solutions. The degree of LF presence in TA-LF complexes signifies its interactive behavior in LC cell lines. Such superior interaction offered an enhanced anti-cancer activity of drugs encapsulated in TA-LF complex nanoformulations. Our results indicate that TA binds to LF and forms self-assemblies, which profoundly enhance interaction with LC cells. This study demonstrated that TA is a novel carrier for pharmaceutical drugs such as gemcitabine, carboplatin, and irinotecan.

Pharmacologically potentials of different substituted coumarin derivatives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Coumarin Compounds

Coumarin and its derivatives are widely spread in nature. Coumarin goes to agroup as benzopyrones, which consists of a benzene ring connected to a pyronemoiety. Coumarins displayed a broad range of pharmacologically useful profile.Coumarins are considered as a promising group of bioactive compounds thatexhibited a wide range of biological activities like anti-microbial, anti-viral,antiparasitic, anti-helmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer,anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-convulsant, and antihypertensiveactivities etc. The coumarin compounds have immense interest due to theirdiverse pharmacological properties. In particular, these biological activities makecoumarin compounds more attractive and testing as novel therapeuticcompounds.

Structure-Bioactivity Relationship Study of Xanthene Derivatives: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1071-1077
Author(s):  
Aref G. Ghahsare ◽  
Zahra S. Nazifi ◽  
Seyed M.R. Nazifi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cyclic Compound ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Xanthene Derivatives ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Heterocyclic Derivatives

: Over the last decades, several heterocyclic derivatives compounds have been synthesized or extracted from natural resources and have been tested for their pharmaceutical activities. Xanthene is one of these heterocyclic derivatives. These compounds consist of an oxygen-containing central heterocyclic structure with two more cyclic structures fused to the central cyclic compound. It has been shown that xanthane derivatives are bioactive compounds with diverse activities such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory as well as therapeutic effects on diabetes and Alzheimer. The anti-cancer activity of such compounds has been one of the main research fields in pharmaceutical chemistry. Due to this diverse biological activity, xanthene core derivatives are still an attractive research field for both academia and industry. This review addresses the current finding on the biological activities of xanthene derivatives and discussed in detail some aspects of their structure-activity relationship (SAR).

Effects of Minor Compounds of Edible Oils on Human Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196-1208
Author(s):  
Ramin Ghodsi ◽  
Rahmat Nosrati
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Background: Oils and fats are the densest sources of food energy among food groups. Vegetable oils are constituted predominantly of triglycerides. Due to the importance of edible oils in nutrition, food industry and human health, great attention has been paid to them in recent years. Some minor bioactive constituents in oils include phospholipids, tocols, sterols, carotenoid, chlorophyll, phenols, phylokynon and terpenes. Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine beneficial effects of minor compounds in edible oils on human health. Results: Minor compounds of edible oils that we use daily can produce remarkable results in the prevention and treatment of various diseases like diabetes, inflammation, hypertension, cancer, allergy and central nervous system disorders due to their antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation, anti-mutagenic, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties, among others. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the presence of beneficial minor compounds in oils could have significant impact on the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Therefore, the type of consumed oil can play an important role in human health.

scholarly journals Pinus Species as Prospective Reserves of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Use in Functional Food—Current State of Knowledge

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Marcin Dziedziński ◽  
Joanna Kobus-Cisowska ◽  
Barbara Stachowiak
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Few Data

The pine (Pinus L.) is the largest and most heteromorphic plant genus of the pine family (Pinaceae Lindl.), which grows almost exclusively in the northern hemisphere. The demand for plant-based remedies, supplements and functional food is growing worldwide. Although pine-based products are widely available in many parts of the world, they are almost absent as food ingredients. The literature shows the beneficial effects of pine preparations on human health. Despite the wide geographical distribution of pine trees in the natural environment, there are very few data in the literature on the widespread use of pine in food technology. This study aims to present, characterise and evaluate the content of phytochemicals in pine trees, including shoots, bark and conifer needles, as well as to summarise the available data on their health-promoting and functional properties, and the potential of their use in food and the pharmaceutical industry to support health. Various species of pine tree contain different compositions of bioactive compounds. Regardless of the solvent, method, pine species and plant part used, all pine extracts contain a high number of polyphenols. Pine tree extracts exhibit several described biological activities that may be beneficial to human health. The available examples of the application of pine elements in food are promising. The reuse of residual pine elements is still limited compared to its potential. In this case, it is necessary to conduct more research to find and develop new products and applications of pine residues and by-products.

scholarly journals Andrographolide, A Natural Antioxidant: An Update

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenie Mussard ◽  
Annabelle Cesaro ◽  
Eric Lespessailles ◽  
Brigitte Legrain ◽  
Sabine Berteina-Raboin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Lung Infection ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

Traditionally, Andrographis paniculata has been used as an herbal remedy for lung infection treatments. Its leaves contain a diterpenoid labdane called andrographolide responsible for a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. This manuscript is a brief review of the antioxidant mechanisms and the regulation of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) signaling pathway by andrographolide.

scholarly journals Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusu ◽  
Fizeșan ◽  
Pop ◽  
Gheldiu ◽  
Mocan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

Tree nut by-products could contain a wide range of phytochemicals, natural antioxidants, which might be used as a natural source for dietary supplements. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenolic and sterolic composition, as well as the antioxidant and other biological activities, of hazelnut involucre (HI) extracts. Experimental designs were developed in order to select the optimum extraction conditions (solvent, temperature, time) using turbo-extraction by Ultra-Turrax for obtaining extracts rich in bioactive compounds. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS and they revealed important amounts of individual polyphenols and phytosterols, molecules with antioxidant potential. The richest polyphenolic HI extract with the highest antioxidant activity by TEAC assay was further evaluated by other in vitro antioxidant tests (DPPH, FRAP) and enzyme inhibitory assays. Additionally, the cytotoxic and antioxidant effects of this extract on two cancerous cell lines and on normal cells were tested. This is the first study to analyze the composition of both hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in HI extracts. Our findings reveal that this plant by-product presents strong biological activities, justifying further research, and it could be considered an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants for food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic industry.

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