Validation and Evaluation of Selected Organic Pollutants in Shrimp and Seawater Samples from the NW Portuguese Coast

The development of coastal regions has contributed to the intensification of environmental contamination, which can accumulate in aquatic biota, such as shrimps. These crustaceans, besides being delicious and being a good source of nutrients, can also accumulate environmental pollutants. Amongst others, these include organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and synthetic musks (SMs). These pollutants, classified as endocrine disruptors, are related to adverse effects in humans and since one of the major routes of exposition is ingestion, this is a cause for concern regarding their presence in food. The aim of the present study was to quantify the presence of environmental pollutants in shrimp samples and in the water from their habitat along the northwest Portuguese coast. In seawater samples, only two OCPs (lindane and DDD) and one BFR (BTBPE) were detected, and in shrimp samples, one OCP (DDD) and three SMs (HHCB, AHTN and ketone) were found. Bioaccumulation and the risk assessment of dietary exposure of SMs in shrimp samples were investigated. It was observed that all shrimp samples analyzed significantly presented bioaccumulation of the three SMs found. Concentrations of SMs detected in shrimp samples do not present a health risk for the adult Portuguese population.

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Excretion of Heavy Metals and Glyphosate in Urine and Hair Before and After Long-Term Fasting in Humans

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.708069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Franziska Grundler ◽

Gilles-Eric Séralini ◽

Robin Mesnage ◽

Vincent Peynet ◽

Françoise Wilhelmi de Toledo

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

The Body ◽

Health Concern ◽

Obese People ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Before And After

Background: Dietary exposure to environmental pollutants in humans is an important public health concern. While long-term fasting interrupts the dietary exposure to these substances, fat mobilization as an energy source may also release bioaccumulated substances. This was, to our knowledge, only investigated in obese people decades ago. This study explored the effects of 10-days fasting on the excretion of heavy metals and glyphosate.Methods: Urinary levels of arsenic, chromium, cobalt, lead, nickel, mercury and glyphosate were measured before and after 10 fasting days in 109 healthy subjects. Additionally, hair analysis was done before and ten weeks after fasting in 22 subjects.Results: Fasting caused a decrease in body weight, and in urinary arsenic (by 72%) and nickel (by 15%) concentrations. A decrease in lead hair concentrations (by 30%) was documented. Urinary mercury levels were unchanged for chromium, cobalt and glyphosate, which were undetectable in most of the subjects. Additionally, fatigue, sleep disorders, headache and hunger were reduced. Body discomfort symptoms diminished four weeks after food reintroduction.Conclusions: The results of this study provide the first insights into the changes in heavy metal excretion caused by long-term fasting. Further studies focusing on the kinetics of efflux between different compartments of the body are needed.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00016657, identifier: DRKS00016657.

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Dietary exposure assessment of a nursing mother-infant cohort to legacy and novel brominated flame retardants: Results of a 3-day duplicate diet study in Beijing, China

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126843 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 254 ◽

pp. 126843 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiandi Wang ◽

Jian Li ◽

Zhixiong Shi

Keyword(s):

Exposure Assessment ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Brominated Flame Retardants ◽

Nursing Mother ◽

Diet Study ◽

Beijing China

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Heavy metal distribution and bioaccumulation ability in marine organisms from coastal regions of Hainan and Zhoushan, China

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2246 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhe Hao ◽

Chenglong Wang ◽

Xinqing Zou

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Marine Organism ◽

Marine Organisms ◽

Metal Distribution ◽

Coastal Regions ◽

Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽

Bioaccumulation Factors ◽

Seawater Samples ◽

Cu And Zn

<p>In this study, we analyzed the distribution and bioaccumulation of six heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, Hg) in marine organisms from China&#8217;s Hainan and Zhoushan coastal regions. Across all marine organism samples, as well as sediment and seawater samples, Zn and Hg ranked highest and lowest in concentration, respectively. Heavy metal distributions in the marine organisms varied by region and species; concentrations were higher (except for Zn) in Zhoushan than in Hainan and in crab than in fish. A marine organism&#8217;s ability to digest and eliminate heavy metals (bioaccumulation ability), based on bioaccumulation factors, was significantly higher for heavy metals in seawater than in sediment; higher sediment background values may explain the higher heavy metal concentrations in crab. In general, a marine organism&#8217;s bioaccumulation ability was higher for Cu and Zn and lower for Pb in China.</p>

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Novel brominated flame retardants in food composites and human milk from the Chinese Total Diet Study in 2011: Concentrations and a dietary exposure assessment

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 82-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Zhixiong Shi ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Jingguang Li ◽

Yunfeng Zhao ◽

Zhiwei Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Milk ◽

Exposure Assessment ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Brominated Flame Retardants ◽

Total Diet Study ◽

Total Diet ◽

Diet Study

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Risk Characterization and Benefit–Risk Assessment of Brominated Flame Retardant in Commercially Exploited Freshwater Fishes and Crayfish of Lake Trasimeno, Italy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168763 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8763

Author(s):

Rossana Roila ◽

Raffaella Branciari ◽

David Ranucci ◽

Arianna Stramenga ◽

Tamara Tavoloni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Central Italy ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Freshwater Fishes ◽

Italian Population ◽

Risk Characterization ◽

Fish Products ◽

Benefit Risk Assessment ◽

Umbria Region

Among brominated flame retardants (BFRs), polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) were the most widely used in past decades. BFRs not being chemically bonded to polymers means they can easily leach from the products into the environment and bioaccumulate. Humans are exposed to flame retardants mainly through food consumption, especially fish and fish products. In the present study, the occurrence of PBDEs and HBCDs in freshwater fishes and crayfish from Lake Trasimeno (Umbria region, central Italy) was assessed according to monitoring plans recommended by European competent authorities. The dietary exposure of the central Italian population to such molecules was calculated, and the risk characterization and the benefit–risk evaluation were also assessed. A total of 90 samples were analyzed by means of gas and liquid chromatography associated with triple quadrupole mass spectroscopy. A total of 51% of samples were found positive for at least one of the congeners; the most frequently found molecule was BDE-47. The data on dietary exposure ranged from 0.138 to 1.113 pg/kg body weight/day for ∑PBDE and from 0.805 to 0.868 pg/kg body weight/day for ∑HBCD. The data show no health risks for the central Italian population consuming freshwater fish products from Lake Trasimeno in relation to exposure to PBDE and HBCD.

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Toward the Required Detection Limits for Volatile Organic Constituents in Marine Environments with Infrared Evanescent Field Chemical Sensors

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19173644 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (17) ◽

pp. 3644 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dettenrieder ◽

Raichlin ◽

Katzir ◽

Mizaikoff

Keyword(s):

Silver Halide ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Simultaneous Detection ◽

Warning System ◽

Detection Limits ◽

Evanescent Field ◽

Sensor System ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Seawater Samples

A portable sensor system for the simultaneous detection of multiple environmentally relevant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in real seawater based on Fourier transform infrared fiber-optic evanescent wave spectroscopy (FT-IR-FEWS) was developed. A cylindrical silver halide (AgX) fiber with an ethylene/propylene copolymer (E/P-co) coated flattened segment was used as an active optical transducer. The polymer membrane enriches the hydrophobic analytes, while water is effectively excluded from the penetration depth of the evanescent field. Determination of multicomponent mixtures (i.e., 10 VOCs in real-world seawater samples) collected in Arcachon Bay, France revealed a high accuracy and reproducibility with detection limits down to 560 ppb. The measurement showed no significant influence from changing water conditions (e.g., salinity, turbidity, and temperature or other interfering substances). The time constants for 90% saturation of the polymer ranged from 20 to 60 min. The sensor system is capable of being transported for on-site monitoring of environmental pollutants in aqueous matrices with efficient long-term stability, thus showing great potential to be utilized as an early warning system.

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Diversity of Somatic Coliphages in Coastal Regions with Different Levels of Anthropogenic Activity in São Paulo State, Brazil

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02780-10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

pp. 4208-4216 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

E. M. Burbano-Rosero ◽

M. Ueda-Ito ◽

J. J. Kisielius ◽

T. K. Nagasse-Sugahara ◽

B. C. Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Fecal Pollution ◽

Anthropogenic Activity ◽

São Paulo ◽

Coastal Regions ◽

Content Type ◽

Somatic Coliphages ◽

Seawater Samples ◽

High Level

ABSTRACTBacteriophages are the most abundant and genetically diverse viruses on Earth, with complex ecology in both quantitative and qualitative terms. Somatic coliphages (SC) have been reported to be good indicators of fecal pollution in seawater. This study focused on determining the concentration of SC and their diversity by electron microscopy of seawater, plankton, and bivalve samples collected at three coastal regions in São Paulo, Brazil. The SC counts varied from <1 to 3.4 × 103PFU/100 ml in seawater (73 samples tested), from <1 to 4.7 × 102PFU/g in plankton (46 samples tested), and from <1 to 2.2 × 101PFU/g in bivalves (11 samples tested). In seawater samples, a relationship between the thermotolerant coliforms andEscherichia coliand SC was observed at the three regions (P= 0.0001) according to the anthropogenic activities present at each region. However, SC were found in plankton samples from three regions: Baixada Santista (17/20), Canal de São Sebastião (6/14), and Ubatuba (3/12). In seawater samples collected from Baixada Santista, four morphotypes were observed: A1 (4.5%), B1 (50%), C1 (36.4%), and D1 (9.1%). One coliphage,Siphoviridaetype T1, had the longest tail: between 939 and 995 nm. In plankton samples,Siphoviridae(65.8%),Podoviridae(15.8%),Microviridae(15.8%), andMyoviridae(2.6%) were found. In bivalves, only the morphotype B1 was observed. These SC were associated with enteric hosts: enterobacteria,E. coli,Proteus,Salmonella, andYersinia. Baixada Santista is an area containing a high level of fecal pollution compared to those in the Canal de São Sebastião and Ubatuba. This is the first report of coliphage diversity in seawater, plankton, and bivalve samples collected from São Paulo coastal regions. A better characterization of SC diversity in coastal environments will help with the management and evaluation of the microbiological risks for recreation, seafood cultivation, and consumption.

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