scholarly journals Excretion of Heavy Metals and Glyphosate in Urine and Hair Before and After Long-Term Fasting in Humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Grundler ◽  
Gilles-Eric Séralini ◽  
Robin Mesnage ◽  
Vincent Peynet ◽  
Françoise Wilhelmi de Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Before And After

Background: Dietary exposure to environmental pollutants in humans is an important public health concern. While long-term fasting interrupts the dietary exposure to these substances, fat mobilization as an energy source may also release bioaccumulated substances. This was, to our knowledge, only investigated in obese people decades ago. This study explored the effects of 10-days fasting on the excretion of heavy metals and glyphosate.Methods: Urinary levels of arsenic, chromium, cobalt, lead, nickel, mercury and glyphosate were measured before and after 10 fasting days in 109 healthy subjects. Additionally, hair analysis was done before and ten weeks after fasting in 22 subjects.Results: Fasting caused a decrease in body weight, and in urinary arsenic (by 72%) and nickel (by 15%) concentrations. A decrease in lead hair concentrations (by 30%) was documented. Urinary mercury levels were unchanged for chromium, cobalt and glyphosate, which were undetectable in most of the subjects. Additionally, fatigue, sleep disorders, headache and hunger were reduced. Body discomfort symptoms diminished four weeks after food reintroduction.Conclusions: The results of this study provide the first insights into the changes in heavy metal excretion caused by long-term fasting. Further studies focusing on the kinetics of efflux between different compartments of the body are needed.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00016657, identifier: DRKS00016657.

Evaluation of the hormonal and biochemical changes in obese and non-obese PCOS Iraqi women before and after vitamin D supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suaad Muhssen Ghazi ◽  
Fatin Shallal Farhan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Granulose Cells

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Vitamin D plays an important physiologic role in reproductive functions of ovarian follicular development and luteinization through altering anti-müllerian hormone signaling, follicular stimulating hormone activity and progesterone production in human granulose cells. Vitamin D is precipitated in adipose fat tissues, making it notable to be used for the body as a result; obese people with high body mass index are already highly expected to have low levels of serum vitamin D.

REPEATED LONG-TERM SPACE FLIGHTS: PROTEOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF COSMONAUTS' BLOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
I.M. Larina ◽  
◽  
D.N. Kashirina ◽  
K.S. Kireev ◽  
A.I. Grigoriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Space Station ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biochemical Indices

We performed the first ever comparative analysis of modifications in the proteome, ionogram and some other blood plasma biochemical indices of 18 male cosmonauts (44 ± 6 years of age) before and after maiden or repeated long-term missions to the Russian segment of the International space station (ISS RS). Levels of proteins, substrates and ions as well as chemical components were measured using the LC-MS-based proteomics and routine biochemical techniques. A total of 256 to 281 indices were investigated with the methods of descriptive statistic, regression analysis, and access to bioinformatics resources. It was shown that blood indices recovery from the maiden and repeated missions reflects changes in the body systems and goes at a various speed. The results of measurements made prior to launch and on day 7 after landing are dependent on the number of missions. The bioinformatics techniques showed that after maiden missions both the mediator proteins of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and blood proteins with reliably changing concentrations are associated with the bio-processes including stress, metabolism and DNA reparation, apoptosis, catabolism and proteolysis. During early re-adaptation from repeated missions the AP level was affected by bone remodeling, phosphorylation, angiogenesis and coagulation cascade suggesting a distinct and urgent trigger of the processes of bone structure and mineralization.

ANALISA LOGAM BESI (Fe) DI SUNGAI PASAR DAERAH BELANGWETAN KLATEN DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Rahmi Nurhaini ◽  
Arief Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Republic

Iron (Fe) is one of many heavy metals that is corrosive resistant, dense, and has a low melting point. If accumulated in the body, the metal can cause some medical conditions, such as irritation to skin and eyes, breathing problems, and in the long term, cancer. This research aims to know generally the spread of metallic iron (Fe) in the river Pasar in Belangwetan, Klaten. This study was conducted using an observational method in which researchers did not examine the effects of interventions. Sampling was done using purposive sampling method taken from three points, namely the upper, middle, lower. Determination of iron levels by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) obtained a positive result, and the data was processed using SPSS to determine the Mean and Standard Deviation. Of the research result, it could be known the Mean score was 2.33 ppm and SD was 0.0352. The result of this research indicated that the levels of iron in the river Pasar in Belangwetan were 2.33 ppm. It means that the levels violate the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, which is not more than 1mg/L (1ppm) in the clean water

scholarly journals Human Body Burden of Heavy Metals and Health Consequences of Pb Exposure in Guiyu, an E-Waste Recycling Town in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12428
Author(s):  
Wenlong Huang ◽  
Xiaoling Shi ◽  
Kusheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Pb Exposure

Guiyu accommodates millions of tons of e-waste from overseas and domestic sources each year and is notorious for its e-waste dismantling industry. As a consequence, Guiyu has been described as “the world’s most toxic place” and “junk town”. Informal e-waste recycling activities have caused severe pollution to the local environment and are associated with extensive health problems to the residents. This review provides updated insights on the body burden of heavy metals derived from e-waste and health outcomes resulted from lead (Pb) exposure. The review identified that Guiyu has been highly contaminated by heavy metals, especially Pb. Excessive exposure to Pb has been associated with multi-system and long-term effects in neonates and children, covering nervous, cardiovascular, adaptive immune, and hematologic systems as well as chromosome and DNA damage. Our review indicates strong associations that emphasize the need to develop strong regulations for prevention of exposure and health consequences in Guiyu and similar sites around the world.

Environmental Factors as Diabetic Mediators–A Mechanistic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveena Firdous ◽  
Kamran Nissar ◽  
Humayra Bashir ◽  
Qazi A. Hussain ◽  
Shariq Rashid Masoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Substantial Investment

Abstract: Despite substantial investment in research and treatment options, diabetes mellitus remains a pressing public health concern with potential epidemic proportions globally. There are reports that by the end of 2040, 642 million people will be suffering from diabetes. Also, according to an estimation, 1.6 million deaths were caused directly by diabetes in 2016. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose regulation in the body due to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells or insulin resistance. Genetic propensity, unhealthy and imbalanced diet, obesity and increasing urbanization are the common risk factors for diabetes. Besides this, it has been reported that environmental pollutants like organic pesticides, heavy metals, and air pollutants act as strong predisposing factors for diabetes owing to their highly bio-accumulative nature. These pollutants disturb glucose homeostasis either by up-regulating or down-regulating the expression of diabetic marker genes like insulin (INS), glucokinase (GCK). Unfortunately, the molecular mechanism about the role of pollutants in causing diabetes is not very clear. This mechanistic review provides evidence of different environmental determinants including persistent organic pollutants (POPs), air pollutants, toxic metals, etc. in inducing diabetes and proposes a framework for the possible mechanisms involved. It also illuminates the current status and future challenges which will not only broaden our understanding but can also be a reasonable platform for further investigation.

scholarly journals The rainfall effect onto solidification and stabilization of heavy metal-polluted sediments

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 192234
Author(s):  
Yan Sun ◽  
Daofang Zhang ◽  
Feipeng Li ◽  
Hong Tao ◽  
Moting Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Deterioration Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Calculated Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Rainfall makes impacts on the process of solidification/stabilization (S/S) and the long-term safety of solidified matrix. In this study, the effect of rainfall on solidification/stabilization process was investigated by the rainfall test. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) were adopted to characterize the properties of S/S sediments before and after the rainfall test. The samples cured for 28 days were selected for semi-dynamic leaching tests with a simulated acidic leachant prepared at pH of 2.0, 4.0 and 7.0. The effectiveness of S/S treatment was evaluated by diffusion coefficient ( D e ) and leachability index (LX). The results indicated that UCS decreased at maximum deterioration rate of 34.23% after 7 days of curing, along with the minimum rate of 7.98% after 28 days by rainfall, with greater than 14 days referred. The rainfall had little effect on the leaching characteristics of heavy metals during the curing process. However, the simulated acid rain made significant impacts on the leaching behaviours of the heavy metals in the S/S materials. All the values of cumulative fraction of leached heavy metals were less than 2.0%, exhibition of good stabilization of cement. Furthermore, the calculated diffusion coefficient ( D e ) for Cu was 1.28 × 10 1 cm 2 s –1 , indicating its low mobility of heavy metal ions in S/S sediments. Furthermore, the calculated diffusion coefficients ( D i ) for Cd, Cu and Pb were 7.44 × 10 −11 , 8.18 × 10 −12 and 7.85 × 10 −12 cm 2 s –1 , respectively, indicating their relatively low mobility of heavy metal in S/S sediments.

The Research Progress of Heavy Metals in PM2.5

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Na Shi ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Xiao Yan Dou ◽  
Xu Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Depth Study

PM2.5 is one of the most important components in air pollution. It is also the focus of the most closely watched at home and abroad. Based on its small size, complex components, and strongenvironmental activity, it can be used as a carrier for chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria, toxins and carcinogens into the body. Then, as a result, it will affect Human Body Health. Heavy metals are important components of PM2.5, and the long-term accumulation of heavy metals in PM2.5 poses a great threat on human health and the environment. This paper reviewed the sources, distribution methods,chemical form, detection methods, disposal way, research progress of heavy metals in PM2.5. As a result, it provided a reference for in-depth study on the future.

scholarly journals A review of the health implications of heavy metals and pesticide residues on khat users

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert M. Oyugi ◽  
Joshua K. Kibet ◽  
John O. Adongo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
The World

Abstract Background There is an exponential rise in the use of farming chemicals in agricultural practices ostensibly to increase food production. The chewing of fresh khat leaves and shoots has spread across the world from ancient khat producing regions in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Khat is a well-established socialization substance with stimulating characteristics. In this work, we have reviewed the deleterious impacts of several heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, iron in the khat plant and their health impacts. Survey on the health complications of farming chemicals used in khat production is also presented. Main body of the abstract The toxic effects of heavy metals and farming chemicals in plant matter such as khat leaves are a serious health concern. Heavy metals including cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), for instance, bio-accumulate in the body and the food chain as precursors for disease. It has been established that blood that has lead levels of 40–60 ug/dL is a precursor for serious health illnesses such as cardiac arrest and cancer. On the other hand, cadmium is reported to bind itself onto metallothioneins hence forming cadmium–metallothionein complex that is transported to all body organs causing deleterious cell damage. The entry of farming chemical into the food chain especially via the chewing of contaminated khat has been known to contribute to health problems such as cancer, hypertension and liver cirrhosis. khat is branded a ‘substance of abuse’ by the World Health Organization (WHO) because of the adverse health risks it causes to humans. Relevant articles published between 2010 and 2021, and archived in PubMed, Google Scholar, Medley, Cochrane, and Web of Science were used in this review. Short conclusion The health implications of heavy metals and farming chemicals arising from the consumption of contaminated khat shoots are a serious concern to the khat chewing community. Consequently, there is need to develop better farming practices that may minimize the absorption of heavy metals and farming chemicals by the khat plant. Information presented in this review is also important in sensitizing policy makers to advance control measures towards safer khat farming practices.

Soil Surface Pollution with Heavy Metals Caused by Coal-Fired Boilers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolita Braduliene ◽  
Ieva Sveikauskaite
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Environment Exposure ◽  
Prevailing Wind Direction

One of the goals for environmental experts is to help avoid, prevent or reduce harmful effects on human health and the environment as a whole. The idea is that the public and the polluting companies would be informed of the effects of pollutants on humans, flora and fauna. To realize this goal are carrying out environmental monitoring, investigations and an-alysed the results. The aim of this work is to evaluate JSC „Nemencines komunalininkas“ boiler-No. 9 resulting air pollution. Company is lo-cated in Vilnius region. The focus is on long-term emissions, e.g. heavy metals (HM), the accumulation on the soil surface to examine boiler-No. 9 impact on the area and assessing the long-term impact on ambient air quality. Soil samples was taken by the principle of the envelope in 11 selected locations 50–300 meters around the boiler area, using non-colour, non-grease, stainless steel tools. Examination of heavy metals in the soil solution, to get the actual data on the amount of HM and their distribution in the soil around the coal-fired boiler territory. Pollutants into the environment, exposure depends on many physical and geochemical processes. Environmental pollutants distribution describes not only the various environmental processes, physical and chemical properties of materials but also the weather conditions. Carryover assessed the prevailing wind direction, as well as simulated through forecast of the largest concentrations of locations. To assess of the boiler No. 9 environmental impact of selected air pollutants was choose in long-term storage medium (soil).

scholarly journals Effects of preweaning nutritional deprivation on basal metabolism and thermoregulatory thermogenesis in the rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Muralidhara ◽  
P. S. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Nutritional Rehabilitation ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Nutritional Deprivation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Before And After

1. Nutritional deprivation was induced preweaning in Wistar rats by increasing the litter size to sixteen, while paired litters with only five pups served as controls. The nutritionally deprived pups were rehabilitated after weaning by ad lib. access to an adequate diet.2. The body-weights and body lengths were significantly lower in the nutritionally deprived group and significant differences persisted even after 9 weeks of rehabilitation.3. The body temperature of the nutritionally deprived animals was significantly lower than that of their paired controls, both before and following nutritional rehabilitation, except for a short period after weaning when the nutritionally deprived animals were initially given the diet ad lib.4. The resting oxygen consumption of the nutritionally deprived animals was comparable to that of the controls when corrected for metabolic body size, both before and after weaning. Noradrenaline-stimulated increase in 02 consumption (non-shivering thermogenesis; NST) was reduced by 50% at weaning in the nutritionally deprived animals and returned to levels comparable to those of controls within a short period of rehabilitation.5. The decrease in NST capacity seen in the nutritionally deprived animals was associated with an inability to thermoregulate when exposed to cold (5°), resulting in death. Cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) also reappeared soon after nutritional rehabilitation.6. Reduction in metabolic rate, NST and CIT seen in the animals nutritionally deprived preweaning was short-lived and disappeared soon after nutritional rehabilitation. Rapid reversal of these physiological changes indicates that they do not confer any long-term benefit or change in metabolic efficiency and are unlike the changes in body size and growth which do not completely recover following nutritional rehabilitation.

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