scholarly journals Enriched Catalytic Activity of TiO2 Nanoparticles Supported by Activated Carbon for Noxious Pollutant Elimination

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2808
Author(s):  
Suriyaprabha Rajendran ◽  
Gajendra Kumar Inwati ◽  
Virendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Nisha Choudhary ◽  
Mitesh B. Solanki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Sonochemical Method ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Surface Modified

Cleaning wastewater has become one of the most serious issues for a number of scientists and researchers in recent years, as water is the most basic need for the daily life of humans. There has been a focus on the removal of noxious pollutants from wastewater effluents by using nanocatalysts owing to their unique physicochemical actions and stability. Herein we manufactured TiO2 nanoparticles supported by activated carbon (AC-TiO2) using a cost-effective sonochemical method. The band structures of the AC-TiO2 and TiO2 were modified from 3.2 to 3.1 eV, thus increasing the catalytic activity. The structural, optical and anatase crystal phase properties, with morphological confirmation, were studied by applying UV-DRS, PL, FESEM, XRD, along with HRTEM, respectively. The specific surface area, calculated by BET analysis, was found to be ~241 m2/gm and ~46 m2/gm for AC-TiO2 and TiO2. The degradation efficiency of the as-prepared nanocatalysts against the very toxic but rarely studied organic textile dye pollutant RO 84 was investigated and 97% efficiency were found for the AC-TiO2 as compared to pure TiO2, which is a highly appreciated finding in the catalytic dye degradation application domain. Such surface-modified nanocatalysts could be further implemented for the treatment of wastewaters/waste effluents released from chemical industries, laboratories and other sources.

Surface Modification of the ZnO Nanoparticles with γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane and Study of Their Photocatalytic Activity, Optical Properties and Antibacterial Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 785-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurun Nahar Rabin ◽  
Jannatul Morshed ◽  
Hashi Akhter ◽  
Md. Saidul Islam ◽  
Md. Asjad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Modified Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Modified

Abstract Surface modification of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) with γ-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES) was investigated. Successful surface modification of the nanoparticles was confirmed experimentally by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effect of the surface modifier concentration on the grafting density and surface area was studied by CHN elemental analysis and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The photocatalytic activity and UV shielding ability of the surface-modified particles prepared in water-ethanol solvent in the presence of the surface modifiers were compared to those of non-modified particles. As a case study, It was observed by methylene blue (MB) dye degradation experiment that the photocatalytic activity in the presence of modified nanoparticles was lower than that observed with non-modified ZnO nanoparticles. Dispersion stability tests visually showed that APTES grafted nanoparticles had acquired better stability than non-modified ZnO nanoparticles in aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Surface-Modified Nanofibrous PVDF Membranes for Liquid Separation Technology

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evren Boyraz ◽  
Fatma Yalcinkaya ◽  
Jakub Hruza ◽  
Jiri Maryska
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
New Type ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Green Separation ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Near Future

Preparing easily scaled up, cost-effective, and recyclable membranes for separation technology is challenging. In the present study, a unique and new type of modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous membrane was prepared for the separation of oil–water emulsions. Surface modification was done in two steps. In the first step, dehydrofluorination of PVDF membranes was done using an alkaline solution. After the first step, oil removal and permeability of the membranes were dramatically improved. In the second step, TiO2 nanoparticles were grafted onto the surface of the membranes. After adding TiO2 nanoparticles, membranes exhibited outstanding anti-fouling and self-cleaning performance. The as-prepared membranes can be of great use in new green separation technology and have great potential to deal with the separation of oil–water emulsions in the near future.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Waste Tea Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Darshana Rajput ◽  
Samrat Paul ◽  
Annika Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Tea Leaves

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has gained momentum since the demand to synthesize nanoparticles in an eco-friendly way has increased significantly. Here we report, economic and cost-effective biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using waste of tea leaves (Camelia sinesis). The aim of the study was to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles and to assess its potential applications such as antibacterial activity, plant growth induction and dye degradation. Standardization studies were done using UV- Spectroscopy to determine the optimum synthesis condition for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The optimum conditions were found to be pH 6.0, ambient temperature condition and 5mM AgNO3 concentration. Characterization studies using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, TEM and AFM analysis show nanoscale range of the particles. The silver nanoparticles showed maximum antibacterial activity against K. pneumonia followed by E. coli and minimum activity against C. diptheriae. The nanoparticles showed significant effect on the growth of Vigna radiata seeds at 50% concentration of nanoparticles. The particles immobilized on cotton cloth showed antibacterial activity against Gram positive organisms. Dye degradation studies showed that the nanoparticles are able to degrade phenol red and blue textile dye effectively.

scholarly journals Investigation of environmental and therapeutic applications of holmium doped titanium dioxide (Ho-TiO2) nanocatalysts. Kinetic and thermodynamic study of the photocatalytic degradation of Safranin O dye

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Akbar Jan ◽  
Wajidullah ◽  
Rahat Ullah ◽  
Salman ◽  
Naimat Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
Binding Study ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Doped Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Safranin O

Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Holmium doped Titanium dioxide(Ho-TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized through Sol Gel method. The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Photoluminescence spectroscopy. DNA binding, antibacterial, hemolytic and antioxidant assays of the synthesized nanoparticles were also carried out for finding their therapeutic applications. Successful doping of TiO2 with Ho reduced the band gap from 3.10 to 2.88 eV. SEM and XRD analysis showed that both TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 NPs exhibit tetragonal structure and as a result of doping the morphology of the particles improved and agglomeration reduced. PL emission intensity of TiO2 also reduced with doping.The holmium doped TiO2 were used for the first time against the degradation of Safranin O dye, DNA binding study and biocompatibility assay.The degradation of Safranin O dye over both the catalysts followed first order kinetics. The calculated activation energies for the photo degradation of given dye were found to be 51.7 and 35.2 kJ/mol using TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 NPs respectively. At 180 minutes time interval 84 and 87% dye degradation was observed using pure TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 NPs respectively. High percent degradation of dye was found at low concentration (20 ppm) and at optimal dosage (0.035 g) of both the catalysts. The rate of Safranin O dye degradation was found to increase with increase in temperature and pH of the medium. DNA binding study revealed that Ho-TiO2 NPs are more capable of binding to human DNA. Antibacterial activity study showed that Ho-TiO2 NPs were more efficient against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial strains as compared to pure TiO2. Hemolysis assay showed that TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 nanoparticles are non-biocompatible.Ho-TiO2 nanoparticles showed higher anti-oxidant activity as compared to bare TiO2.

Synthesis of Mesoporous Titania–Silica Monolith Composites — A Comprehensive Study on their Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Blue 113 Dye Under UV Light

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1660012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thurlapathi VL Thejaswini ◽  
Deivasigamani Prabhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Silica Monoliths ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Acid Blue 113 ◽  
Acid Blue

The present work deals with the synthesis of bi-continuous macro and mesoporous crack-free titania–silica monoliths, with well-defined structural dimensions and high surface area. The work also highlights their potential photocatalytic environmental applications. The highly ordered titania–silica monoliths are synthesized through direct surface template method using organic precursors of silica and titania in the presence of surface directing agents such as pluronic P123 and PEG, under acetic acid medium. The monoliths are synthesized with different Ti/Si ratios to obtain monolithic designs that exhibit better photocatalytic activity for dye degradation. The titania–silica monoliths are characterized using XRD, SEM, EDAX, FT-IR, TG–DTA and BET analysis. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized monoliths is tested on the photodegradation of a textile dye (acid blue 113). It is observed that the monolith with 7:3 ratio of Ti/Si showed significant photocatalysis behavior in the presence of UV light. The influence of various physico-chemical properties such as, solution pH, photocatalyst dosage, light intensity, dye concentration, effect of oxidants, etc. are analyzed and optimized using a customized photoreactor set-up. Under optimized conditions, the monoliths exhibited superior degradation kinetics, with the dye dissipation complete within 10[Formula: see text]min of photolysis. The mesoporous catalysts are recoverable and reusable up to four cycles of repeated usage.

scholarly journals Optimization of low-cost cow dung based activated carbon for the removal of carbofuran from aqueous solution

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
Shama Hayder ◽  
Salman Hussain ◽  
Wasim Ahmad ◽  
Mirza Jahanzaib ◽  
Abaid Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Bet Analysis

Water pollution has become a serious issue of this century due to increased industrialization. Several methods have been adopted to tackle this issue including adsorption by activated carbon (AC). Conventional sources of AC preparation are costly and non-renewable as well. Several fruit and agricultural wastes have characteristics to become sustainable feedstock for AC preparation. This study aims to prepare cost effective AC from sustainable raw material, cow dung. The preparation has been analyzed and optimized by utilizing central composite design (CCD). The effect of activation temperature, time, and impregnation ratio (IR) on responses of percent yield (R1) and percent pesticide removal (R2) has been analyzed. Quadratic models have been suggested with R2, adjusted R2, and predicted R2 values of 0.98, 0.96 ,0.89 for R1 and 0.97, 0.94 and 0.87 for R2, respectively. Activation temperature and KOH/Feedstock ratio significantly influence the yield and pesticide removal. Optimized conditions of activation temperature, KOH/Feedstock ratio, and activation time are 708.07 0C, 1.22 and 0.66 hrs respectively. Thees conditions produced 14.78 % yield and 89.18% pesticide removal. SEM and BET analysis of optimized AC also confirmed porosity development and large surface area availability due to activation process. Findings of this study suggest that cow dung can be used to prepare low cost AC for pesticide removal from aqueous solution.

Investigation of Environmental and Therapeutic Applications of Holmium doped Titanium dioxide (Ho-TiO2) nanocatalysts. Kinetic and Thermodynamic study of the Photocatalytic degradation of Safranin O dye

Nano Futures ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
FAZAL Jan ◽  
Wajid Ullah ◽  
Rahat Ullah ◽  
- Salman ◽  
Naimat Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
Binding Study ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Doped Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Safranin O

Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Holmium doped Titanium dioxide(Ho-TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized through Sol Gel method. The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Photoluminescence spectroscopy. DNA binding, antibacterial, hemolytic and antioxidant assays of the synthesized nanoparticles were also carried out for finding their therapeutic applications. Successful doping of TiO2 with Ho reduced the band gap from 3.10 to 2.88 eV. SEM and XRD analysis showed that both TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 NPs exhibit tetragonal structure and as a result of doping the morphology of the particles improved and agglomeration reduced. PL emission intensity of TiO2 also reduced with doping.The holmium doped TiO2 were used for the first time against the degradation of safranin O dye, DNA binding study and biocompatibility assay.The degradation of Safranin Odye over both the catalysts followed first order kinetics. The calculated activation energies for the photo degradation of given dye were found to be 51.7 and 35.2kJ/mol using TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 NPs respectively. At 180 minutes time interval 84% and 87 % dye degradation was observed using pure TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 NPs respectively. High percent degradation of dye was found at low concentration (20ppm) and at optimal dosage (0.035g) of both the catalysts. The rate of Safranin O dye degradation was found to increase with increase in temperature and pH of the medium. DNA binding study revealed that Ho-TiO2 NPs are more capable of binding to human DNA. Antibacterial activity study showed that Ho-TiO2 NPs were more efficient against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial strains as compared to pure TiO2. Hemolysis assay showed that TiO2 and Ho-TiO2 nanoparticles are non-biocompatible.Ho-TiO2 nanoparticles showed higher anti-oxidant activity as compared to bare TiO2.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Iron-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles Using Ferrocene from Flame Spray Pyrolysis

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Mohamed Anwar Ismail ◽  
Mohamed N. Hedhili ◽  
Dalaver H. Anjum ◽  
Venkatesh Singaravelu ◽  
Suk Ho Chung
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
Flame Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Flame Spray ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Iron Doped

Iron-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles, with Fe/Ti atomic ratios from 0% to 10%, were synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), employing a single-step method. Ferrocene, being nontoxic and readily soluble in liquid hydrocarbons, was used as the iron source, while titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) was used as the precursor for TiO2. The general particle characterization and phase description were examined using ICP-OES, XRD, BET, and Raman spectroscopy, whereas the XPS technique was used to study the surface chemistry of the synthesized particles. For particle morphology, HRTEM with EELS and EDS analyses were used. Optical and magnetic properties were examined using UV–vis and SQUID, respectively. Iron doping to TiO2 nanoparticles promoted rutile phase formation, which was minor in the pure TiO2 particles. Iron-doped nanoparticles exhibited a uniform iron distribution within the particles. XPS and UV–vis results revealed that Fe2+ was dominant for lower iron content and Fe3+ was common for higher iron content and the iron-containing particles had a contracted band gap of ~1 eV lower than pure TiO2 particles with higher visible light absorption. SQUID results showed that doping TiO2 with Fe changed the material to be paramagnetic. The generated nanoparticles showed a catalytic effect for dye-degradation under visible light.

scholarly journals Biomass Derived Activated Carbon/Epoxy Composite as Microwave Absorbing Material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Negi ◽  
Ashavani Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Microwave Absorption ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Impedance ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Mango Leaves

Abstract Herein, activated carbon/epoxy composite was synthesized, in which waste mango leaves biomass were used as carbon source. To create a sufficient amount of porosity in the biomass, a simple process of carbonization followed by its activation was used. The morphology and porosity of activated carbon material were studied by SEM, TEM images and BET analysis, which confirmed the presence of macro and mesopores in the material. The activated carbon/epoxy composite having 3 mm thickness gave the highest Reflection Loss (RL) of -39.57 dB at 6.48 GHz. At a thickness of just 2 mm the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (RL < -10 dB) of 2.14 GHz was achieved. This excellent microwave absorption performance was attributed to large surface area due to porous and bowl type structures, which resulted in high impedance matching and subsequent attenuation of microwaves by interfacial and dipolar polarization. Present study provides porous activated carbon/epoxy composite that is cost effective, lightweight and has high structural stability for microwave absorption applications.

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