scholarly journals Multiscale Innovative Materials and Structures (MIMS)

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Raffaele Barretta ◽  
Domenico De Tommasi ◽  
Fernando Fraternali
Keyword(s):  
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Innovative Materials

Increasing attention is growing towards advanced multiscale metamaterials and nanostructures, due to recent developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology [...]

Imagining new materials: Design as puzzle-solving

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-209
Author(s):  
Viviana Lebedinsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Real World ◽  
Materials Design ◽  
New Materials ◽  
The Real ◽  
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology ◽  
Puzzle Solving ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
The Creation

How important is the imagination in the design and creation of new and innovative materials, and how can it be developed through formative processes? What happens when the real world becomes distinct from our imagination of it and what are the implications of such a rupture? These questions are considered with reference to a case study in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology, which is examined with a focus on social relations, and formative processes in particular, emphasizing how these relations contribute to the creation–design of new materials. The author also examines the notion of imagination, focusing on its importance in the design of nanomaterials, which she conceptualizes as analogous to puzzle-solving. Two further examples enable us to reflect on different approaches through which the imagination might be understood and how the above questions can contribute to a rethinking of the hylomorphic and textility of making models.

scholarly journals Application of nanotechnologies along the food supply chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 749-760
Author(s):  
Luísa Cruz-Lopes ◽  
Morgana Macena ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Food Conditions

Abstract Nanoscience and nanotechnology are new frontiers for this century. Nanotechnology translates into the ability to manipulate the material on a nanoscale. As in other sectors, recent developments in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology offer new opportunities for innovation for food. Nanofoods are considered foods grown, produced, processed or packaged using nanotechnological tools that incorporate nanomaterials to improve nutritional quality, taste or texture, and increase the shelf life of food. Nanotechnology’s applications are diverse, going from nanoencapsulated ingredients, such as bioactive compounds, nutrients and food additives that increase the bioavailability of the compounds, to ingredients that constitute nanostructures and nanotextures that provide barriers for physical-chemical protection, which allow modification of flavour and odour. Also, has the potential to be used as biosensors to monitor food conditions during storage and transport, through packaging that includes indicators. This review covers the development and use of nanotechnology along the food supply chain, focusing the agricultural production, industrial processing and protection through packaging, as well as addressing the advantages and disadvantages of using this technology.

Conventional and novel processing methods for cellular ceramics

2005 ◽  
Vol 364 (1838) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Gas Streams ◽  
Highly Porous Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Novel Processing ◽  
Highly Porous ◽  
Insight Into

Cellular ceramics are a class of highly porous materials that covers a wide range of structures, such as foams, honeycombs, interconnected rods, interconnected fibres, interconnected hollow spheres. Recently, there has been a surge of activity in this field, because these innovative materials have started to be used as components in special and advanced engineering applications. These include filtering liquids and particles in gas streams, porous burners, biomedical devices, lightweight load-bearing structures, etc. Improvements in conventional processing methods and the development of innovative fabrication approaches are required because of the increasing specific demands on properties and morphology (cell size, size distribution and interconnection) for these materials, which strictly depend on the application considered. This paper will cover the main fabrication methods for cellular ceramics, focusing primarily on foams, offering some insight into novel fabrication processes and recent developments.

scholarly journals Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Proceedings of the INFN-LNF 2018 Conference

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Stefano Bellucci
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology ◽  
Refereeing Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Year 2000

The NEXT Nanotechnology group at INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF) has organized, since the year 2000, a yearly series of international meetings in the area of nanotechnology. The 2018 conference has been devoted to recent developments in nanoscience and their manifold technological applications. These consisted of a number of tutorial/keynote lectures, as well as research talks presenting frontier nanoscience research developments and innovative nanotechnologies in the areas of biology, medicine, aerospace, optoelectronics, energy, materials and characterizations, low-dimensional nanostructures and devices. Selected, original papers based on the 2018 conference talks and related discussions have been published, after a careful refereeing process, in the MDPI journal Condensed Matter, and are currently included in the present dedicated issue.

Recent Developments in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

2011 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Anne Pépin ◽  
Patrick Bernier ◽  
Michel Lannoo
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology ◽  
Recent Developments

This talk is intended to give an overview of research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (N&N) in France and especially at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), which has made research in N&N one of its five priorities. In the first part we list the main scientific issues at stake, as they were identified in a recent scientific workshop held at CNRS. In the second part we present the French organization of research in N&N and give comparative estimates of the funding in France, Europe, USA and Japan. We end up by summarizing some elements of CNRS strategy in the field.

Trends in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
C. Colliex ◽  
P. Trebbia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Primary Electrons

The physical foundations for the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy towards analytical purposes, seem now rather well established and have been extensively discussed through recent publications. In this brief review we intend only to mention most recent developments in this field, which became available to our knowledge. We derive also some lines of discussion to define more clearly the limits of this analytical technique in materials science problems.The spectral information carried in both low ( 0<ΔE<100eV ) and high ( >100eV ) energy regions of the loss spectrum, is capable to provide quantitative results. Spectrometers have therefore been designed to work with all kinds of electron microscopes and to cover large energy ranges for the detection of inelastically scattered electrons (for instance the L-edge of molybdenum at 2500eV has been measured by van Zuylen with primary electrons of 80 kV). It is rather easy to fix a post-specimen magnetic optics on a STEM, but Crewe has recently underlined that great care should be devoted to optimize the collecting power and the energy resolution of the whole system.

Filaments and membranes in the mitotic apparatus

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 544-547
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Microtubule Associated Proteins ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Force Generator ◽  
Spindle Function ◽  
Antibody Technology

At the light microscope level the recent developments and interest in antibody technology have permitted the localization of certain non-microtubule proteins within the mitotic spindle, e.g., calmodulin, actin, intermediate filaments, protein kinases and various microtubule associated proteins. Also, the use of fluorescent probes like chlorotetracycline suggest the presence of membranes in the spindle. Localization of non-microtubule structures in the spindle at the EM level has been less rewarding. Some mitosis researchers, e.g., Rarer, have maintained that actin is involved in mitosis movements though the bulk of evidence argues against this interpretation. Others suggest that a microtrabecular network such as found in chromatophore granule movement might be a possible force generator but there is little evidence for or against this view. At the level of regulation of spindle function, Harris and more recently Hepler have argued for the importance of studying spindle membranes. Hepler also believes that membranes might play a structural or mechanical role in moving chromosomes.

Software pattern recognition applied to nanodiffraction patterns from a STEM instrument

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
G.Y. Fan ◽  
J.M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Host Computer ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Image Processing System ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
On Line

In recent developments, the ASU HB5 has been modified so that the timing, positioning, and scanning of the finely focused electron probe can be entirely controlled by a host computer. This made the asynchronized handshake possible between the HB5 STEM and the image processing system which consists of host computer (PDP 11/34), DeAnza image processor (IP 5000) which is interfaced with a low-light level TV camera, array processor (AP 400) and various peripheral devices. This greatly facilitates the pattern recognition technique initiated by Monosmith and Cowley. Software called NANHB5 is under development which, instead of employing a set of photo-diodes to detect strong spots on a TV screen, uses various software techniques including on-line fast Fourier transform (FFT) to recognize patterns of greater complexity, taking advantage of the sophistication of our image processing system and the flexibility of computer software.

High-resolution microscopy of twin boundaries in gold

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
William Krakow ◽  
David A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Gold Films ◽  
Boundary Area ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Tilt Boundaries ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy ◽  
Twist Boundaries

Recent developments in specimen preparation, imaging and image analysis together permit the experimental determination of the atomic structure of certain, simple grain boundaries in metals such as gold. Single crystal, ∼125Å thick, (110) oriented gold films are vapor deposited onto ∼3000Å of epitaxial silver on (110) oriented cut and polished rock salt substrates. Bicrystal gold films are then made by first removing the silver coated substrate and placing in contact two suitably misoriented pieces of the gold film on a gold grid. Controlled heating in a hot stage first produces twist boundaries which then migrate, so reducing the grain boundary area, to give mixed boundaries and finally tilt boundaries perpendicular to the foil. These specimens are well suited to investigation by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.

Recent developments in automated Transmission Electron MI

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
W.J. de Ruijter ◽  
P. Rez ◽  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Computer Image ◽  
Lens Design ◽  
Computer Image Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
On Line ◽  
Routine Procedures ◽  
Near Future

There is growing interest in the on-line use of computers in high-resolution electron n which should reduce the demands on highly skilled operators and thereby extend the r of the technique. An on-line computer could obviously perform routine procedures hand, or else facilitate automation of various restoration, reconstruction and enhan These techniques are slow and cumbersome at present because of the need for cai micrographs and off-line processing. In low resolution microscopy (most biologic; primary incentive for automation and computer image analysis is to create a instrument, with standard programmed procedures. In HREM (materials researc computer image analysis should lead to better utilization of the microscope. Instru (improved lens design and higher accelerating voltages) have improved the interpretab the level of atomic dimensions (approximately 1.6 Å) and instrumental resolutior should become feasible in the near future.

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