scholarly journals Maternal Lipid Concentrations during Early Pregnancy and Eating Behaviour and Energy Intake in the Offspring

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dieberger ◽  
Susanne de Rooij ◽  
Aniko Korosi ◽  
Tanja Vrijkotte
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Satiety Responsiveness

Worldwide, childhood obesity is rapidly increasing, making it a pressing public health issue. Obesity is strongly linked to eating behaviour and energy intake but little is known about their prenatal determinants. In an exploratory study of data collected within the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) study, we hypothesized that intra-uterine exposure to increased lipids is associated with adverse eating behaviour and increased energy intake in the offspring at age 5. During early gestation, a non-fasting blood sample was taken from 1463 non-diabetic Dutch women, including: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and Apolipoprotein B (ApoB). Eating behaviour, measured using the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, included food approaching (enjoyment of food, food responsiveness) and food avoidant behaviour (satiety responsiveness, slowness of eating). Energy intake (total energy, fat and carbohydrate intake) was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations were analysed using multivariable linear regression. Increased maternal TC concentrations were associated with lower enjoyment of food, higher satiety responsiveness and increased slowness of eating, as well as decreased kcal and fat intake in the offspring. Elevated ApoA1 was associated with increased slowness of eating, lower enjoyment of food and lower kcal, fat and carbohydrate intake. ApoB was positively associated with satiety responsiveness and slowness of eating. Higher TG concentrations were associated with higher food responsiveness. Maternal FFA did not show significant associations. Findings demonstrated that the maternal prenatal lipid profile was associated with offspring’s eating behaviour and energy intake, although not always in the hypothesized direction.

scholarly journals What are the major correlates of macronutrient selection in Western populations?

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Lunar Phase ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Fat Intake

In order to better understand the factors that may influence and regulate the intake of the macronutrients carbohydrate, fat and protein a 7 d diet diary technique was employed to study eating behaviour in the natural environment of free-living human subjects. In general, factors that promote energy intake tend to promote fat and protein intake to a greater extent than carbohydrate intake. This increased intake occurs as the result of: environmental factors such as social facilitation and the time of day, week or lunar phase; subjective factors such as hunger and elation; individual difference factors such as obesity, restraint and ageing. There are indications that the intake of macronutrients is regulated by negative feedback systems. In the short term, the amount of protein remaining in the stomach at the onset of a meal appears to have a restraining effect on intake, especially protein intake. Over several days, macronutrient intake appears to be affected by a nutrient-specific delayed negative feedback. Protein intake during 1 d is negatively associated with protein intake 2 and 3 d later, while carbohydrate intake is negatively related to later carbohydrate intake, and fat intake to later fat intake; both peaking after a 2 d delay. Studies of the intakes of twins suggested that many aspects of the control of macronutrient intake are influenced by inheritance; these factors include the overall amounts ingested, the before-meal stomach contents and the responsiveness of the subject to the negative impact of the stomach contents. The results indicate that macronutrient intakes are regulated by multiple persistent processes that are to a large extent inherited.

A Comparison of the Nutrient Intakes of Macronutrient-Based Dieting and Strict Dieting Bodybuilders

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ismaeel ◽  
Suzy Weems ◽  
Darryn S. Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Descriptive Assessment

The purpose of this study was to provide a descriptive assessment of the nutritional habits of competitive bodybuilders and compare the nutrient intakes of macronutrient-based dieting and strict dieting individuals. Data from 41 subjects (30 males and 11 females) were used in analyses. Participants completed a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire, and diets were analyzed using a computer system. Males consumed an average of 2,577.2 kcal (SD = 955.1), with an average fat intake of 83.6 g (SD = 41.3), an average carbohydrate intake of 323.3 g (SD = 105.2), and an average protein intake of 163.4 g (SD = 70.4). There were no significant differences between male macronutrient-based dieting and strict dieting bodybuilders when mean intakes were compared for all nutrients, including the macronutrients, selected vitamins and minerals, dietary fiber, added sugars, and saturated fat. Females in this study consumed an average of 1,794 kcal (SD = 453.1), with an average fat intake of 58.3 g (SD = 23.1), a mean carbohydrate intake of 217.8 g (SD = 85.9), and an average protein intake of 103.8 g (SD = 35.7). For females, macronutrient-based dieters consumed significantly greater amounts of several nutrients, including protein, vitamin E, vitamin K, and vitamin C. Over half of individuals from all groups consumed less than the recommended amounts of several of the micronutrients. Based on this information, it is recommended that competitive bodybuilders should be advised to take their micronutrition into greater consideration.

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Gizi, Asupan Energi Dan Zat Gizi Terhadap Kecepatan Dan Kelincahan Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Hoki Sman Di Kabupaten Tangerang

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-142
Author(s):  
Nurlina Islamiyati ◽  
Nazhif Gifari ◽  
Desiani Rizki Purwaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Physical Condition ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Hockey Players

 Hockey is known to be a game that requires a lot of energy, where hockey players are required to have a level of good physical condition undergirded by meeting energy needs and opticians capable of performing during the game. The purpose of this study is to assess the nutritional status and intake of energy and nutrients and analyze the correlation with the speed and agility of the district's extracurricular hockey field. Cross-sectional research on all hockey players amounted to 70 people. Measurements made in this study include weight, height, BMI, energy and nutrient intake as well as speed and agility. The results showed that the nutritional status of BMI/U didn’t have a significant correlation with speed (p=0,842; r= -0,02) and nutritional status of BMI/U didn’t have a significant correlation with agility (p=0,271; r= -0,133). The average energy intake, protein intake and carbohydrate intake didn’t significantly correlate with speed (p=0,071; r=0,560, p=0,457; r=0,090, p=0,858; r= 0,022). Meanwhile, fat intake and calcium intake didn’t have a significant correlation with agility (p=0,874; r= -0,019, p=743; r= 0,040). The conclusion of this study is the nutritional status of BMI/U, energy intake, protein and carbohydrate intake aren’t related to speed and nutritional status of BMI/U, fat intake and calcium intake aren’t related to agility Abstrak Permainan hoki diketahui merupakan permainan yang membutuhkan banyak energi, dimana para pemain hoki dituntut untuk memiliki tingkat kondisi fisik yang baik yang ditunjang dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan energi dan zat gizi yang optimal agar mampu mencapai prestasi selama pertandingan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji tentang gambaran status gizi serta asupan energi dan zat gizi serta menganalisis korelasinya dengan kecepatan dan kelincahan pemain ekstrakurikuler hoki SMAN Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian cross-sectional pada semua pemain hoki berjumlah 70 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi IMT/U tidak berkorelasi secara signifikan terhadap kecepatan (p=0,842; r= -0,02) dan status gizi IMT/U tidak berkorelasi signifikan terhadap kelincahan (p=0,271; r= -0,133). Asupan energi, asupan protein dan asupan karbohidrat tidak berkorelasi secara signifikan terhadap kecepatan (p=0,071; r=0,560, p=0,457; r=0,090, p=0,858; r= 0,022). Sedangkan asupan lemak dan asupan kalsium tidak berkorelasi secara signifikan terhadap kelincahan (p=0,874; r= -0,019, p=743; r= 0,040). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah status gizi IMT/U, asupan energi, asupan protein dan asupan karbohidrat tidak berhubungan dengan kecepatan serta status gizi IMT/U, asupan lemak dan asupan kalsium tidak berhubungan dengan kelincahan.

scholarly journals Food avoidance behaviour among children aged 2 – 6 years in North Jakarta and its correlation with weight and energy intake

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Alfi Rahma Putri ◽  
Dian Novita Chandra ◽  
Luh Ade Ari Wiradnyani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Avoidance Behaviour ◽  
P Value ◽  
Food Avoidance ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Satiety Responsiveness

Background: Children generally facing food avoidance or food refusal behaviour and it may affect their food consumption. But there is limited information on food avoidance behaviour among Indonesian children. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether energy intake and body weight are influenced by food avoidance behaviour in children aged 2-6 years in North Jakarta.Methods: Participants (N=168) were recruited between February – March 2020. Data collection was obtained via interviews with the mother or caregiver of the children. Food avoidance behaviour consisting of satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, emotional under-eating, and food fussiness was measured with the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. The child’s weight and dietary intake were assessed using a digital weighing scale and 2 x 24 hours food recall. Spearman test was performed to analyse the correlation between these variables. Multivariate analysis was done using linear regression to determine predictors of a child’s body weight and energy intake.Results: Energy intake among children was below the recommendation, and it was significantly correlated with the child’s body weight. Satiety responsiveness was negatively correlated with the child’s body weight (r = -0.166; p-value < 0.05) and energy intake (r = -0.210; p-value < 0.05). After running a linear regression test, we found that satiety responsiveness along with family income and child’s age was a significant predictor of energy intake among children.Conclusions: Children who are more responsive to satiety had lower body weight and energy intake. Understanding the child’s food avoidance behaviour is useful for designing intervention programs related to optimizing intake in children and malnutrition.

scholarly journals Tidak ada korelasi antara asupan karbohidrat sederhana, lemak jenuh, dan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada remaja dengan kegemukan dan obesitas

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Olivia Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake ◽  
Simple Carbohydrate

Remaja yang memiliki status gizi kegemukan dan obesitas memiliki resiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami obesitas di usia dewasa. Asupan karbohidrat sederhana dan lemak jenuh yang tinggi serta aktivitas fisik yang rendah merupakan beberapa faktor yang sering disebut sebagai penyebab terjadinya kegemukan dan obesitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan tujuan untuk menguji korelasi asupan karbohidrat sederhana, lemak jenuh dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada remaja yang memiliki status gizi gemuk atau obesitas. Sebanyak 69 orang siswa/i di SMA 3 kota Malang yang berusia 15-17 tahun dan berstatus gizi gemuk atau obesitas menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini. Asupan karbohidrat sederhana dan lemak jenuh diukur menggunakan form Semi Qualitative Food Frequency (SQ-FFQ) dan Aktivitas fisik melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan form Physical Activity Questionaire for Adolescent (PAQ-A). Uji statistik Gamma and Somers’d dengan SPSS 16 digunakan untuk menguji korelasi antar variabel. Ditemukan bahwa status gizi tidak berhubungan secara bermakna dengan karbohidrat sederhana (p =0,873), asupan lemak jenuh (p=0,343), dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,487). Identifikasi faktor lain pada remaja yang kemungkinan berpengaruh seperti tingkat pengetahuan gizi, durasi waktu tidur, waktu menstruasi pertamakali, tingkat ekonomi keluarga, diperlukan untuk menganalisis faktor resiko yang lebih berhubungan dengan kejadian kegemukan dan obesitas pada remaja.Kata Kunci:  Karbohidrat sederhana, lemak jenuh, aktivitas fisik, obesitasAdolescents with overweight and obesity are at higher risk for obesity in adulthood. Simple carbohydrate intake, high saturated fat intake, and low physical activity are some factors that are often referred to as the cause of overweight and obesity. This study is a cross-sectional research design with the aim to identify the correlation of simple carbohydrate intake, saturated fat and physical activity with nutritional status in overweight and obesity adolescents. Sixty-nine students in SMA 3 Malang city aged 15-17 years were involved in this study. Simple carbohydrate and saturated fat intake were measured using Semi-Qualitative Food Frequency (SQ-FFQ) form and Physical Activity through interview using Physical Activity Questionaire for Adolescent (PAQ-A) form. Gamma and Somers'd statistical test with SPSS 16 were used to test the correlation. Nutritional status did not correlate significantly with simple carbohydrates (p = 0.873), saturated fat intake (p = 0.343), and physical activity (p = 0.487). Identification of other factors in adolescents that may be influential such as the level of nutritional knowledge, sleep duration, first-time menstruation, family economic level, is needed to analyze risk factors more related to overweight and obesity in adolescents.Keywords: Simple carbohydrate, saturated fat, physical activity, obesity

Eating behaviour of healthy, independent living Dutch seniors. An exploratory study

Appetite ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kremer ◽  
J. Hulst ◽  
S. Boesveldt
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Eating Behaviour

scholarly journals Changes in blood lipid concentrations associated with changes in intake of dietary saturated fat in the context of a healthy low-carbohydrate weight-loss diet: a secondary analysis of the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia W Shih ◽  
Michelle E Hauser ◽  
Lucia Aronica ◽  
Joseph Rigdon ◽  
Christopher D Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

ABSTRACTBackgroundFor low-carbohydrate diets, a public health approach has focused on the replacement of carbohydrates with unsaturated fats. However, little research exists on the impacts of saturated fat intake on the lipid profile in the context of whole-food-based low-carbohydrate weight-loss diets.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this secondary analysis of the DIETFITS weight loss trial was to evaluate the associations between changes in percentage of dietary saturated fatty acid intake (%SFA) and changes in low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, and triglyceride concentrations for those following a healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) diet. The secondary aim was to examine these associations specifically for HLC dieters who had the highest 12-month increases in %SFA.MethodsIn the DIETFITS trial, 609 generally healthy adults, aged 18–50 years, with body mass indices of 28–40 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to a healthy low-fat (HLF) or HLC diet for 12 months. In this analysis, linear regression, both without and with adjustment for potential confounders, was used to measure the association between 12-month change in %SFA and blood lipids in 208 HLC participants with complete diet and blood lipid data.ResultsParticipants consumed an average of 12–18% of calories from SFA. An increase of %SFA, without significant changes in absolute saturated fat intake, over 12 months was associated with a statistically significant decrease in triglycerides in the context of a weight-loss study in which participants simultaneously decreased carbohydrate intake. The association between increase in %SFA and decrease in triglycerides was no longer significant when adjusting for 12-month change in carbohydrate intake, suggesting carbohydrate intake may be a mediator of this relationship.ConclusionsThose on a low-carbohydrate weight-loss diet who increase their percentage intake of dietary saturated fat may improve their overall lipid profile provided they focus on a high-quality diet and lower their intakes of both calories and refined carbohydrates. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01826591.

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