scholarly journals Dietary Intakes of Professional and Semi-Professional Team Sport Athletes Do Not Meet Sport Nutrition Recommendations—A Systematic Literature Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Jenner ◽  
Georgina L. Buckley ◽  
Regina Belski ◽  
Brooke L. Devlin ◽  
Adrienne K. Forsyth
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sport Nutrition ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Recommendations

Background: to develop sport-specific and effective dietary advice, it is important to understand the dietary intakes of team sport athletes. This systematic literature review aims to (1) assess the dietary intakes of professional and semi-professional team sport athletes and (2) to identify priority areas for dietetic intervention. Methods: an extensive search of MEDLINE, Sports DISCUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases in April–May 2018 was conducted and identified 646 studies. Included studies recruited team sport, competitive (i.e., professional or semi-professional) athletes over the age of 18 years. An assessment of dietary intake in studies was required and due to the variability of data (i.e., nutrient and food group data) a meta-analysis was not undertaken. Two independent authors extracted data using a standardised process. Results: 21 (n = 511) studies that assessed dietary intake of team sport athletes met the inclusion criteria. Most reported that professional and semi-professional athletes’ dietary intakes met or exceeded recommendations during training and competition for protein and/or fat, but not energy and carbohydrate. Limitations in articles include small sample sizes, heterogeneity of data and existence of underreporting. Conclusions: this review highlights the need for sport-specific dietary recommendations that focus on energy and carbohydrate intake. Further exploration of factors influencing athletes’ dietary intakes including why athletes’ dietary intakes do not meet energy and/or carbohydrate recommendations is required.

scholarly journals Comparison of children's dietary intake patterns with US dietary guidelines

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Brady ◽  
Christine H. Lindquist ◽  
Sara L. Herd ◽  
Michael I. Goran
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
American Children

Monitoring dietary intake patterns among children is important in order to explore and prevent the onset of adult health problems. The aim of the present study was to compare children's dietary intakes with national recommendations and to determine whether sex or ethnic differences were evident. This was done using a methodology that allows assessment of intake from the major components of the Food Guide Pyramid developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA: ). The sample studied included 110 African-American and Caucasian males and females (mean age 9·9 years, BMI 20·1 kg/m2) from Birmingham, AL, USA, who were participating in a study investigating the development of obesity. Dietary data were based on three 24 h recalls and food group intake was determined using the USDA Pyramid Servicing Database. The results indicated that a high percentage of subjects failed to meet the recommended number of servings from each of the food groups. For example, only 5 % and 9 % met fruit and dietary group recommendations respectively. Consumption of foods from the Pyramid ‘tip’ (including discretionary fat and added sugar) contributed almost 50 % of the diet. African-Americans were more likely to meet requirements for the meat group, with a higher proportion of Caucasians meeting dietary recommendations. Males were more likely to meet the vegetable group guidelines although females consumed more energy per day from discretionary fat. In conclusion, these results suggest that implementation of nutrition education programmes may be important for promoting healthy nutrition among American children.

scholarly journals Impact of electronic bedside meal ordering systems on dietary intake, patient satisfaction, plate waste and costs: A systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen MacKenzie‐Shalders ◽  
Kirsty Maunder ◽  
Daniel So ◽  
Rebecca Norris ◽  
Sally McCray
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Plate Waste ◽  
Ordering Systems

scholarly journals Relaxation therapy as a treatment for tics in patients with Tourette syndrome: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Tilling ◽  
Andrea E. Cavanna
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Relaxation Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by the presence of multiple motor and phonic tics, often associated with co-morbid behavioural problems. Tics can be modulated by environmental factors and are characteristically exacerbated by psychological stress, among other factors. This observation has led to the development of specific behavioural treatment strategies, including relaxation therapy. Objective This review aimed to assess the efficacy of relaxation therapy to control or reduce tic symptoms in patients with TS. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review of original studies on the major scientific databases, including Medline, EMBASE, and PsycInfo, according to the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Outcomes measures included both tic severity and tic frequency. Results Our literature search identified three controlled trials, with a total number of 40 participants (range: 6–18 participants). In all three studies, relaxation therapy decreased the severity and/or the frequency of tic symptoms. However, the only trial comparing relaxation therapy to two other behavioural techniques found relaxation therapy to be the least effective intervention, as it reduced the number of tics by 32% compared to 44% with self-monitoring and 55% with habit reversal. Discussion The results of this systematic literature review provide initial evidence for the use of relaxation therapy as a behavioural treatment intervention for tics in patients with TS. Caution is needed in the interpretation of these findings, because the reviewed trials had small sample sizes and there was high heterogeneity across the study protocols.

scholarly journals Observed Dietary Intake in Adults with Intellectual Disability Living in Group Homes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Nur Hana Hamzaid ◽  
Helen T. O’Connor ◽  
Victoria M. Flood
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Group Homes ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Dairy Foods

Background: There is limited information on the dietary intakes of people with intellectual disability (ID) living in group homes. Objective: To describe and evaluate dietary intake in people with ID. Method: Dietary intake was assessed in a convenience sample of people with ID living in group homes. Dietary assessment used three-day weighed food records and digital food photography. Intakes were compared to the Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) and dietary recommendations. Results: A sample of 33 adults, (men (M): n = 14; women (W): n = 19), mean age 51 ± 14 years, was recruited from seven group homes. Mean daily energy intake was low (M: 7.4 MJ; W: 7.0 MJ; p = 0.46), similar to levels recommended for bed rest. Many participants had intakes below the estimated average requirements (EARs) for the nutrients, magnesium (M: 86%; W: 63%), calcium (M: 43%; W: 78%), iodine (M: 43%; W: 47%) and zinc (M: 43%). Less than half of the recommended daily servings were consumed for vegetables (men and women) and dairy foods (women). Conclusion: Nutrient intake and diet quality of the participants in the group homes studied was poor. Education and policy to support healthier diets is required to improve dietary intake of people with intellectual disability, living in group homes.

Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Nutrition Knowledge of Irish Dancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Jasmine Challis ◽  
Roisin Cahalan ◽  
Phil Jakeman ◽  
Orfhlaith Nibhriain ◽  
Linda Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Sport Nutrition ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
High Level

Irish dance requires lengthy, intensive training to perform at a high level in competitions and professionally. Irish dancers have been known to have high injury rates. Appropriate nutrient and fluid intakes have been shown to minimize the risk of fatigue and injury during training and performance in sport, but there is a lack of evidence as to whether and how this might apply in Irish dance. Forty adult Irish dancers, 35 females (age 21 ± 3 years) and five males (aged 27 ± 8 years), professionals or in full time training, were recruited for this study to investigate nutrition knowledge, dietary intake, and body composition. Participants were asked to complete "The Sport Nutrition Questionnaire," a sport- and dance-specific nutrition knowledge questionnaire, 4 day estimated food diaries, and under-take a dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan to assess body composition. Food diaries were analyzed using Dietplan 7. Reported energy, fiber, iron (females), magnesium (females), selenium, iodine (females), and folate (females) intakes were below United Kingdom dietary reference values. Fruit and vegetable intakes were low: 2.7 ± 1.4 portions per day. Sixteen percent of days reported contained no fruits or vegetables. Mean body mass index (BMI) for 35 female participants was 23.2 ± 3.3 kg/m2, mean BMI for five male participants was 22.2 ± 1.6 kg/m2. Mean body fat measured by DXA in 18 female participants was 33.4% ± 6.9%, which was higher than seen in other dance populations. Mean lean mass was 40.8 ± 5.6 kg. Mean score for the nutrition knowledge questionnaire in which the maximum score is 65, was 30.5 ± 7.6 (47% ± 11.7%), range: 9 to 44 (14% to 68%). The ability of the Irish dancers to correctly identify foods as being high or low in carbohydrate, protein, and fat varied widely. Body composition did not correlate with intake of any nutrient but did correlate with nutrition knowledge questionnaire score (r = -.663, p < 0.001). Given the dietary intakes and nutrition knowledge exhibited by the dancers in this study, further work is needed to inform and improve diets and support the demands of Irish dance.

Assessment of the eNutri personalized nutrition tool in Germany – Usability metrics and users’ experiences (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Kaiser ◽  
Tamara Stelzl ◽  
Paul M. Finglas ◽  
Kurt Gedrich
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
German Population ◽  
Personalized Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
System Usability

BACKGROUND Adequate dietary intake assessments are needed to determine the actual nutrition intake of a population. Paper-pen versions have long been used as validated dietary assessment tools, but in the age of digitalization, these tools are increasingly becoming converted into digital versions. We developed a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) integrated into the eNutri web application (app) to capture dietary intake tailored to a Western European population and provide dietary recommendations in a digital format. OBJECTIVE The primarily focus of this study was to evaluate the system usability and users’ feedback of the eNutri app. METHODS The app was piloted for four weeks by 106 participants from Germany divided into a Personalized Nutrition (PN) group and a control group. The groups differed according to the degree of personalization of dietary recommendations obtained. RESULTS An overall system usability score (SUS) of 78.4 (SD 12.2) was yielded, indicating an above average user experience. Mean completion time of the FFQ was 26.7 minutes (SD 10.6). Across subgroups (age, sex, screen sizes) no differences in SUS or completion time were found, indicating an equal performance for all users independent of the assigned experimental group. Participants´ feedback highlighted the need for more personalized dietary advice for control subjects. Further improvements of the eNutri app were suggested by the app users. CONCLUSIONS In total, eNutri provides a validated FFQ in a web-based graphical version, considering nutritional specificities of the German population. It was well received and supportive comments for further development of the digital diet assessment tool (e.g., more detailed dietary feedback) has been provided by the users.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Omega-3 Status and Intake in Canadian Elite Rugby 7s Players

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3777
Author(s):  
Ashley Armstrong ◽  
Anthony J. Anzalone ◽  
Wendy Pethick ◽  
Holly Murray ◽  
Dylan T. Dahlquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
High Risk Category ◽  
Concussion Recovery

Background: EPA and DHA n-3 FA play crucial roles in both neurological and cardiovascular health and high dietary intakes along with supplementation suggest potential neuroprotection and concussion recovery support. Rugby athletes have a high risk of repetitive sub-concussive head impacts which may lead to long-term neurological deficits, but there is a lack of research looking into n-3 FA status in rugby players. We examined the dietary n-3 FA intake through a FFQ and n-3 FA status by measuring the percentage of n-3 FA and O3I in elite Canadian Rugby 7s players to show distribution across O3I risk zones; high risk, <4%; intermediate risk, 4 to 8%; and low risk, >8%. Methods: n-3 FA profile and dietary intake as per FFQ were collected at the beginning of the 2017–2018 Rugby 7s season in male (n = 19; 24.84 ± 2.32 years; 95.23 ± 6.93 kg) and female (n = 15; 23.45 ± 3.10 years; 71.21 ± 5.79 kg) athletes. Results: O3I averaged 4.54% ± 1.77, with female athlete scores slightly higher, and higher O3I scores in supplemented athletes (4.82% vs. 3.94%, p = 0.183), with a greater proportion of non-supplemented athletes in the high-risk category (45.5% vs. 39.1%). Dietary intake in non-supplemented athletes did not meet daily dietary recommendations for ALA or EPA + DHA compared to supplemented athletes. Conclusions: Overall, despite supplementation, O3I score remained in the high-risk category in a proportion of athletes who met recommended n-3 FA dietary intakes, and non-supplemented athletes had a higher proportion of O3I scores in the high-risk category, suggesting that dietary intake alone may not be enough and athletes may require additional dietary and n-3 FA supplementation to reduce neurological and cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Creative Collaboration and Collaborative Creativity: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret S. Barrett ◽  
Andrea Creech ◽  
Katie Zhukov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Creative Collaboration ◽  
Collaborative Creativity ◽  
Creative Learning

Studies of creativity emerging from cultural psychology and social psychology perspectives challenge individualist conceptions of creativity to argue that social interaction, communication, and collaboration are key elements in creativity. In recent work creative collaboration has been proposed to be “distributed” between audiences, materials, embodied actions, and the historico-socio-cultural affordances of the creative activity and environment, thus expanding the potentialities of creative collaboration beyond instances of direct human interaction and engagement. Music performance, improvisation and composition may be viewed as exemplary “laboratories” of creative collaboration through the combined elements of audiences, materials, embodied actions and historico-socio-cultural affordances and constraints. This article reports the findings of a systematic literature review of creative collaboration and collaborative creativity in music. We sought to identify what has been currently investigated in relation to these terms and concepts in music, with what methodologies and in what settings. Findings indicate that studies were undertaken in higher education, professional development and professional practice predominantly, leading to an emergent phenomenon of interest, collaborative creative learning. Musical genres were jazz, popular, western classical, contemporary and world musics across the musical processes of composing, improvising and performing. Studies in higher education and professional development settings focused on identifying those practices that supported learning rather than the nature of collaborative creative approaches or the outcomes of creative collaboration. Participants were primarily male, with small sample sizes. Methodologies were largely qualitative with an emphasis on case study using observation, interview and reflective diary methods. Further areas for research include: the investigation of gendered approaches to creative collaboration, collaborative creativity, and collaborative creative learning; the use of more diverse research methodologies and methods and techniques including large-scale quantitative studies and arts-based and arts-led approaches; and the investigation of more diverse music settings.

scholarly journals Barriers, Attitudes, and Influences Towards Dietary Intake Amongst Elite Rugby Union Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sharples ◽  
Stuart D. Galloway ◽  
D. Baker ◽  
Brett Smith ◽  
Katherine Black
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Sport Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rugby Players

Background: Dietary intakes can impact an athletes health and performance. Although evidence exists about what an athlete should eat, an athlete's nutritional intake is influenced by many factors. The limited research available suggests the main barriers preventing optimal nutritional intakes reported by athletes are lack of time, food accessibility, poor cooking skills, costs, taste, and time spent in “off-season.” Although these factors have been shown to influence dietary intake they remain relatively unexplored in Rugby Union. This study aimed to describe the nutritional influences on dietary intake amongst Rugby Union player's.Methods: This was a qualitative study utilising in person individual interviews with all participants. Participants were Rugby Union players (n = 30) for either a Super Rugby franchise or one of their development squads in New Zealand. Participant's undertook recorded face to face interviews, which were later transcribed. A thematic approach was used to code the transcripts by the primary coder and the themes were subsequently evaluated by the research team.Results: Childhood upbringing, organisational skills, time and food security also emerged as barriers. Body composition and sport nutrition knowledge emerged as both barriers and enablers to nutritional intake. Influence on performance was an enabler to optimal dietary intake. Fully professional rugby players have access to dietitians, whereas development and semi-professional rugby players only have limited if any access, and they were more likely to seek nutritional information via social media.Conclusion: This study suggests a need for greater nutrition education at developmental levels with an emphasis on affordable food choices, meal planning and skills for interpreting online nutrition information.

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