scholarly journals Isoflavone Supplements for Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ru Chen ◽  
Nai-Yu Ko ◽  
Kuo-Hu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trial Duration ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Menopausal Women

Isoflavones have gained popularity as an alternative treatment for menopausal symptoms for people who cannot or are unwilling to take hormone replacement therapy. However, there is still no consensus on the effects of isoflavones despite over two decades of vigorous research. This systematic review aims to summarize the current literature on isoflavone supplements, focusing on the active ingredients daidzein, genistein, and S-equol, and provide a framework to guide future research. We performed a literature search in Ovid Medline using the search terms “isoflavone” and “menopause”, which yielded 95 abstracts and 68 full-text articles. We found that isoflavones reduce hot flashes even accounting for placebo effect, attenuate lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) loss, show beneficial effects on systolic blood pressure during early menopause, and improve glycemic control in vitro. There are currently no conclusive benefits of isoflavones on urogenital symptoms and cognition. Due to the lack of standardized research protocols including isoflavone component and dosage, outcomes, and trial duration, it is difficult to reach a conclusion at this point in time. Despite these limitations, the evidence thus far favors the use of isoflavones due to their safety profile and benefit to overall health.

scholarly journals Potential Developmental and Reproductive Impacts of Triclocarban: A Scoping Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna R. Rochester ◽  
Ashley L. Bolden ◽  
Katherine E. Pelch ◽  
Carol F. Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Androgenic Activity ◽  
The Us

Triclocarban (TCC) is an antimicrobial agent used in personal care products. Although frequently studied with another antimicrobial, triclosan, it is not as well researched, and there are very few reviews of the biological activity of TCC. TCC has been shown to be a possible endocrine disruptor, acting by enhancing the activity of endogenous hormones. TCC has been banned in the US for certain applications; however, many human populations, in and outside the US, exhibit exposure to TCC. Because of the concern of the health effects of TCC, we conducted a scoping review in order to map the current body of literature on the endocrine, reproductive, and developmental effects of TCC. The aim of this scoping review was to identify possible endpoints for future systematic review and to make recommendations for future research. A search of the literature until August 2017 yielded 32 relevant studies in humans, rodents, fish, invertebrates, and in vitro. Based on the robustness of the literature in all three evidence streams (human, animal, and in vitro), we identified three endpoints for possible systematic review: estrogenic activity, androgenic activity, and offspring growth. In this review, we describe the body of evidence and make recommendations for future research.

A Review of Paroxetine for the Treatment of Vasomotor Symptoms

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Slaton ◽  
Megan N. Champion ◽  
Kayla B. Palmore
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
English Language ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Menopausal Women

Background: Studies in recent years have exposed concerns about the safety of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in menopausal women. Numerous studies have examined the use of antidepressants for relief of VMS. Despite recommendations to deny approval of paroxetine mesylate (Brisdelle™) for the treatment of VMS, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently granted it approval for this indication. Objective: To evaluate all published literature examining use of paroxetine salts (mesylate and hydrochloride) in the treatment of menopausal VMS. Methods: Both PubMed and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA) were searched using the keywords hot flashes, vasomotor symptoms, menopause, and paroxetine. In PubMed, MeSH terms were used for paroxetine, menopause, and hot flashes. Searches were limited to humans, English language, and clinical trial design. The references for each study identified in this search process were examined in order to locate any additional relevant articles. Results: Compared with placebo, paroxetine salts offer a modest benefit in the treatment of menopausal VMS reducing the frequency and severity of weekly hot flashes. Conclusion: Paroxetine (mesylate or hydrochloride) is an effective alternative to HRT for the reduction in VMS in menopausal women. Future head-to-head studies with active medications are needed in order to identify the best algorithm of treatment for this condition.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Acupuncture in Cancer Care: A Synthesis of the Evidence

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 952-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kay Garcia ◽  
Jennifer McQuade ◽  
Robin Haddad ◽  
Sonya Patel ◽  
Richard Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Positive Trial

Purpose Many cancer centers offer acupuncture services. To date, a comprehensive systematic review of acupuncture in cancer care has not been conducted. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for symptom management in patients with cancer. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane (all databases), Scopus, and PubMed were searched from inception through December 2011 for prospective randomized clinical trials (RCT) evaluating acupuncture for symptom management in cancer care. Only studies involving needle insertion into acupuncture points were included. No language limitations were applied. Studies were assessed for risk of bias (ROB) according to Cochrane criteria. Outcomes by symptom were designated as positive, negative, or unclear. Results A total of 2,151 publications were screened. Of those, 41 RCTs involving eight symptoms (pain, nausea, hot flashes, fatigue, radiation-induced xerostomia, prolonged postoperative ileus, anxiety/mood disorders, and sleep disturbance) met all inclusion criteria. One positive trial of acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting had low ROB. Of the remaining studies, eight had unclear ROB (four positive, three negative, and one with unclear outcomes). Thirty-three studies had high ROB (19 positive, 11 negative, and three with both positive and negative outcomes depending on the symptom). Conclusion Acupuncture is an appropriate adjunctive treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting, but additional studies are needed. For other symptoms, efficacy remains undetermined owing to high ROB among studies. Future research should focus on standardizing comparison groups and treatment methods, be at least single-blinded, assess biologic mechanisms, have adequate statistical power, and involve multiple acupuncturists.

scholarly journals The in vitro effects of platelet products on the biophysiological functions of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 269-315
Author(s):  
J Vun ◽  
◽  
M Panteli ◽  
E Jones ◽  
PV Giannoudis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Platelet products (PP) and bone-marrow aspirate are popular sources of osteoinductive signalling molecules and osteogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) used in the treatment of impaired bone healing. However, the combined use of PP and BM-MSCs in clinical studies has reported mixed results. Understanding the cellular and molecular interactions between PP and BM-MSCs plays the important role of guiding future research and clinical application. This systematic review investigates the effects of PP on the biophysiological functions of BM-MSCs in in vitro human studies, including (i) proliferation, (ii) migration, (iii) differentiation, (iv) growth factor/cytokine/protein expression, (v) immunomodulation, (vi) chemotactic effect on haematopoietic stem cells, (vii) response to apoptotic stress, and (viii) gene expression. In vitro studies in human have demonstrated the multi-faceted ‘priming effect’ of PP on the biophysiological functions of BM-MSCs. PP has been shown to improve proliferation, migration, osteogenic differentiation, reaction to apoptotic stress as well as immunomodulatory, pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory capacities of BM-MSCs. Several factors are highlighted that restrict the transferability of these findings into clinical practice. Therefore, more collaborative in vitro research in humans modelled to reflect clinical practice is required to better understand the effects of PP exposure on the biophysiological function(s) of BM-MSCs in human.

scholarly journals Is social support related to better mental health, treatment continuation and success rates among individuals undergoing in-vitro fertilization? Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252492
Author(s):  
Marisa Casale ◽  
Anna Carlqvist
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

Infertility and its treatment via in-vitro fertilization (IVF) represent a global health area of increasing importance. However, the physical and psychological burden of IVF can negatively impact psychological wellbeing, as well as treatment retention and success. Social support has been found to have positive health effects among populations facing health-related stressors worldwide, and its potential protective role for IVF patients merits further attention. We present a protocol for a systematic review of peer-reviewed published studies quantitatively investigating associations between social support and i) mental health; ii) the decision to (dis)continue with IVF treatment cycles and; iii) IVF success (pregnancy and birth rates); among individuals who are undertaking or have undertaken IVF cycles. Studies will be included if they work with human subjects, provide correlation coefficients between measures of social support and at least one of the outcomes of interest, and are in the English language. Social support may derive from both naturally occurring networks and more formalized sources or interventions. The protocol for this systematic review was developed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. Ten health-, psychology- and sociology-related databases will be searched using composite search terms that include keywords for ‘IVF’ and ‘social support’. To assess methodological quality, the authors will use a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Should three or more moderate or good quality studies be identified for any one outcome of interest, correlation meta-analyses, using the Hedges-Olkin method, will be conducted to pool effect sizes and heterogeneity will be assessed. Should the number, quality and characteristics of eligible studies not allow for reliable quantitative synthesis, the authors will limit the analysis to qualitative synthesis, with a focus on implications of findings for future research and programming.

scholarly journals Does hormone replacement therapy benefit post-menopausal women? – a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Vinodkumar Mugada ◽  
Raj Kiran Kolakota ◽  
Sujana Bhargavi Jadda ◽  
Urmila Kotapadu ◽  
Mounika Veesam
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Post-menopausal women experience symptoms such as irregular periods, lower fertility, vaginal dryness, hot flashes and night sweats. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) relieves menopausal symptoms. The aim of this review was to assess the benefits and risks of HRT in post-menopausal women. A scoping review was conducted for original peer-reviewed English language papers using the electronic databases of PUBMED, JAMA, BMC and TRIP. The papers were subjected to a three-stage screening process. The type of study, year of study, age, participants, type of therapy and the aim of the study defined the inclusion and exclusion criteria. HRT was associated with reduced risk and prevalence of end-stage kidney disease, gastric esophageal reflex disease (GORD) symptoms, periodontal disease and associated with the increased risk of overall cancers. The benefits of HRT depend on the duration of therapy, formulation, route of administration, time of initiating therapy (age <60 years) and type of therapy. Post-menopausal symptomatic women mostly benefited with hormone replacement therapy. To reduce risks of adverse events, HRT should be initiated with appropriate monitoring.

scholarly journals Anticancer Effects of Disulfiram: A Systematic Review of in Vitro, Animal, and Human Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ling wang ◽  
yang yu ◽  
cong zhou ◽  
run wan ◽  
Yumin Li
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tumor Inhibition ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

Abstract Background and objectives: Cancer morbidity and mortality rates remain high, and thus, at present, considerable efforts are focused on finding drugs with higher sensitivity against tumor cells and fewer side effects. Several preclinical and clinical studies have examined the potential of repurposing disulfiram (DSF) as an anticancer treatment. This systematic review aimed to assess evidence regarding the antineoplastic activity of DSF in in vitro and in vivo models, as well as in humans.Methods: Two authors independently conducted this systematic review of English and Chinese articles from the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases up to July 2019. Eligible in vitro studies needed to include assessments of the apoptosis rate by flow cytometry using annexin V/propidium iodide, and studies in animal models and clinical trials needed to examine tumor inhibition rates, and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Overall, 35 studies, i.e., 21 performed in vitro, 11 based on animal models, and three clinical trials, were finally included. In vitro and animal studies indicated that DSF was associated with enhanced apoptosis and tumor inhibition rates. Human studies showed that DSF prolongs PFS and OS. The greatest anti-tumor activity was observed when DSF was used as combination therapy or as a nanoparticle-encapsulated molecule.Conclusions: This systematic review provides evidence regarding the anti-tumor activity of DSF in vitro, in animals, and in humans and indicates the optimal forms of treatment to be evaluated in future research.

scholarly journals Repurposing Existing Medications for Coronavirus Disease 2019: Protocol for a Rapid and Living Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. Geisler ◽  
Lara Zahabi ◽  
Adam E. Lang ◽  
Naomi Eastwood ◽  
Elaine Tennant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Systematic ◽  
Grade Methodology ◽  
New Evidence

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has no known specific treatments. However, there might be in vitro and early clinical data as well as evidence from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome that could inform clinicians and researchers. This systematic review aims to create priorities for future research of drugs repurposed for COVID-19. Methods: This systematic review will include in vitro, animal, and clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of a list of 34 specific compounds and four groups of drugs identified in a previous scoping review. Studies will be identified both from traditional literature databases and pre-print servers. Outcomes assessed will include time to clinical improvement, time to viral clearance, mortality, length of hospital stay, and proportions transferred to the intensive care unit and intubated, respectively. We will use the GRADE methodology to assess the quality of the evidence. Discussion: The challenge posed by COVID-19 requires not just a rapid review of drugs that can be repurposed but also a sustained effort to integrate new evidence into a living systematic review. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020175648

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