The Value of Systematic Evidence Synthesis in Forestry, Land Use and Development to Improve Research, Decision-Making and Practice

Despite well-established procedures for using systematic evidence-informed approaches to policy and practice in fields as diverse as medicine, crime and justice, education, and conservation, the uptake of these rigorous methods of synthesising relevant literature has been disappointingly slow in forestry and related fields. This may be due to: general lack of understanding of, or misconceptions about, systematic evidence synthesis; a belief that the method is inappropriate for the “messy” world of forestry and land-use; a dislike of the protocol-driven approach that underpins systematic evidence synthesis; the rigorous approach is beyond the resources of time and funding available for a given topic review; systematic reviews can only be undertaken by a narrow “elite”; or a combination of these. The current Special Issue of Forests brings together a range of papers that demonstrate that systematic evidence synthesis is appropriate for forestry and land-use policy and practice, and that the method is evolving to embrace new ideas that fit with the core tenets of comprehensiveness, transparency, and procedural objectivity.

A narrative review of the late effects of paediatric cancer treatment within an educational setting: Existing evidence and where do we go from here?

Objectives The late effects of paediatric cancer treatment within an educational context are an area that is relatively under researched within the United Kingdom. Methods To support this narrative review, systematic searches were conducted in key scientific databases between May and December 2020. Results Upon reviewing literature within this field, there are key considerations that should be addressed to provide clear and concise findings. These key considerations include clarification on whether the research undertaken focuses on the late or long term effects of paediatric cancer treatment, taking a consistent approach to data analysis with the aim to improve the validity of the study findings, utilising a mixed methodology to gain further depth to the findings as well as increasing the number of studies that focus on a specific tumour type rather than numerous types to allow a detailed study to be undertaken into the potential late effects a treatment for a specific tumour may elicit. Discussion If these key considerations are taken into account when conducting further research within this field, it would enable consistent findings to be utilised in providing the optimum educational provision for survivors of paediatric cancer who remain within the education system.

Author Guidelines Journal of Food and Health

Journal of Food and Health (JOFH) is an open access journal in the field of foods, diets, probiotics, health and fitness. JOFH offer an important media or forum for researchers and academes to exchange the latest results from such research areas. JOFH provides quality service, including the submission process and the rapid double blind peer review, and only published online. Receiving types of manuscripts which include, original manuscripts or original research, literature review, systematic review and or meta-analysis, case report, supplements, commentaries and reports on research methodology or study design, negative results. Relevant topics may or may not be accepted, subject to the Chief Editor’s decision. Authors are advised to carefully read the author guidelines, especially the details about the ethics in publishing and manuscript style. The Editorial Office reserves the right to change the type of submission of a manuscript, based on the reviewers’ comments and the Editor’s decision.

Hubungan Antara Kontrol Glikemik (HBA1C), Durasi Penyakit, dan Profil Lipid Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Dengan Kejadian Neuropati Diabetik: Scoping Review

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik kronik yang menjadi salah satu penyakit dengan prevalensi dan insidensi tinggi setiap tahun di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Penyakit ini menjadi masalah yang lebih serius ketika terjadi komplikasi mikroangiopati dan makroangiopati, salah satunya neuropati diabetik. Neuropati diabetik dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor, antara lain kontrol glikemik yang buruk, durasi penyakit, dan kadar profil lipid yang abnormal. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan kontrol HbA1c, durasi menderita diabetes, dan profil lipid dengan kejadian neuropati diabetik. Pencarian sistematis scoping review menggunakan 12 laporan penelitian yang diperoleh dari beberapa database jurnal, yaitu PubMed dan Science Direct yang dilakukan pada bulan Oktober — Desember 2020. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah dari 6 laporan penelitian yang melaporkan hubungan antara HbA1c dan kejadian neuropati diabetik. Didapatkan 5 laporan penelitian yang melaporkan hubungan antara durasi menderita diabetes dan kejadian neuropati diabetik. Didapatkan 4 laporan penelitian yang melaporkan hubungan antara profil lipid dan kejadian neuropati diabetik. Simpulan dari 12 laporan penelitian tersebut adalah terdapat hubungan kontrol glikemik, durasi menderita diabetes, dan profil lipid dengan kejadian neuropati diabetik. Relationship Between Glycemic Control (HBA1C),Disease Duration, and Lipid Profile and Diabetic Neuropathy of Type II Type Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Scoping ReviewDiabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder which is a disease with a high prevalence and incidence every year throughout the world, including in Indonesia. This disease becomes a more serious problem when there are complications, one of which is diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy can occur due to various factors, including poor glycemic control, duration of diabetes, and abnormal levels of lipid profiles. This study aims to determine the relationship between HbA1c control, duration of diabetes, and lipid profile with the incidence of diabetic neuropathy. The scoping review systematic search used 12 research reports obtained from several journal databases, such PubMed and Science Direct lasts from October to November 2020. The results of the articles is there were 6 research reports that reported an association between glycemic control and the incidence of diabetic neuropathy. There were 5 research reports that reported an association between the duration of suffering from diabetes and the incidence of diabetic neuropathy. There were 4 research reports that reported an association between lipid profiles and the incidence of diabetic neuropathy. The conclusions of the 12 research reports are there is an association of glycemic control, duration of diabetes, and lipid profile with the incidence of diabetic neuropathy.

Endodontic Microbiology: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 50 Classics

Background. Citation analysis has emerged to play a significant role in recognition of the most useful areas of research. Endodontic microbiology has been a topic of interest for endodontists as well as periodontists and oral surgeons. This bibliometric analysis is aimed at identifying and reporting the characteristics of the top 50 cited articles on endodontic microbiology. Methods. The articles were identified through a search on Web of Science (WoS), property of Clarivate Analytics database published on endodontic microbiology. The citation information of the selected articles was recorded. The Journal of Endodontics, International Endodontic Journal, Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology, Dental Traumatology, and Australian Endodontic Journal were searched in the search title. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed using a statistical software package SPSS. Statistical analysis was performed using Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, Post hoc, Mann-Kendall trend, and Spearman-rank tests. Results. The 50 most cited articles were published from 1965 to 2012 with citation count varying from 1065 to 103 times. The total citation counts of articles recorded were 11,525 (WoS), 12,602 (Elseviers’ Scopus), and 28,871 (Google Scholar). The most prolific years in terms of publications were 2001, 2002, and 2003, with five publications each, followed by 2005 with four. The year with most citations was 1998, with 1,330 citations, followed by 1965 and 2001, with 1,065 and 1,015 citations, respectively. A total of 136 authors contributed to the top 50 most cited articles with 27 corresponding institutions from 12 different countries. The most common methodological design was in vitro study, followed by clinic-laboratory study, literature review, systematic review and meta-analysis, and animal study. Conclusions. The present study provided a detailed list of the top 50 most cited and classic articles on microbiology in endodontics. This will help researchers, students, and clinicians in the field of endodontics as an impressive source of information.

Scoping Review: Efek Nefroprotektif Black Garlic/Aged Garlic pada Hewan Model Renal Injury

Kerusakan ginjal atau renal injury didefinisikan sebagai penurunan fungsi ginjal yang meliputi cedera (kerusakan struktural) dan gangguan (hilangnya fungsi) ginjal. Salah satu bentuk antioksidan yang digunakan sebagai pengobatan kerusakan ginjal adalah sediaan black garlic yang merupakan bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) yang telah difermentasi dan memiliki banyak antioksidan poten. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh black garlic/aged garlic terhadap kerusakan ginjal pada hewan coba model renal injury. Metode pada penelitian ini adalah Scoping Review. Pencarian sistematis dari beberapa database, yaitu SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EBSCO dan Google Scholar. Artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi sebanyak 2.259 dan yang memenuhi kriteria ekslusi berdasar atas kriteria PICOS yang dilakukan oleh 2 peneliti, didapatkan hasil 14 artikel. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama periode Maret–Desember 2020 Hasil analisis serta identifikasi dari 14 artikel, keseluruhan artikel menunjukkan pengaruh positif black garlic/aged garlic pada ginjal hewan coba. Dari 14 artikel, ditemukan perbaikan mikrostruktur ginjal, fungsi ginjal meningkat, peningkatan kadar antioksidan pada ginjal, penurunan marker stres oksidatif serta penurunan mediator inflamasi. Kesimpulan analisis pada penelitian ini adalah black garlic/aged garlic memiliki sifat nefroprotektif yang melindungi ginjal dari kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh stres oksidatif. Nephroprotective Effects of Black Garlic/Aged Garlic on Animal Model of Renal Injury: a Scoping ReviewKidney damage or renal injury is defined as decreased function of the kidneys, which includes both injury (structural damage) and impairment (loss of function) of the kidneys. One form of antioxidant that is used to treat kidney damage is black garlic, which isgarlic (Allium sativum L.fermented) and has many potent antioxidants. This study aims to analyze the effect of black garlic/aged garlic on kidney damage in animal models of renal injury. The method in this research is the Scoping Review. Systematic search of several databases, namely SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EBSCO and Google Scholar. There were 2,259 articles that matched the inclusion criteria and those that met the exclusion criteria based on the PICOS criteria conducted by 2 researchers, the results were 14 articles. This research was conducted during the period March–December 2020. The results of the analysis and identification of 14 articles, all of them showed the positive effect of black garlic/aged garlic on the kidneys of experimental animals. From 14 articles, it was found that there was an improvement in renal microstructure, increased renal function, an increase in antioxidant levels in the kidney, a decrease in markers oxidative stressand a decrease in inflammatory mediators. The conclusion from the analysis in this study is that black garlic/aged garlic has nephroprotective properties that protect the kidneys from damage caused by oxidative stress.

Laser na implantodontia: revisão integrativa

No pós-operatório de um implante dental, o paciente pode experimentar vários sintomas de inflamação, tais como: inchaço, dor ao mastigar, sangramento e a formação de pus na área do implante. Nesse contexto, o uso do laser na implantodontia é um processo que busca melhoria na técnica de implante dentário, promovendo uma osseointegração mais efetiva do implante devido ao seu poder bioestimulante, acelerando, assim, a cicatrização. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura atual sobre o uso de laser na implantodontia, destacando benefícios, limitações, desafios, relevâncias e impactos para saúde bucal e para sociedade. Como o uso do laser auxilia o processo de osseointegração na implantodontia? A revisão integrativa da literatura foi realizada por meio de uma busca de artigos científicos nas bases de dados eletrônica PubMed, Lilacs e Scopus utilizando-se dos descritores: “dental implant”, “low level laser therapy” e “osseointegration”, indexados no período de 2016 a 2020 que tratavam de clinical trial, review, systematic review, meta-analysis e randomized controlled e foram excluídos artigos de books and documents, confere paper, book chapter e editoriais. Após os critérios de elegibilidade foram analisados 15 (quinze) artigos integralmente publicados em Língua Inglesa. Os estudos mostraram que o uso do laser de baixa potência auxilia na implantodontia no que se refere a osseointegração do implante, diminuindo o período de pós-operatório, dor e risco de inflamação devido ao seu poder bioestimulante, analgésico e anti-inflamatório. Essa eficácia deriva de um aumento na proliferação epitelial e de fibroblasto, de um estímulo da síntese de colágeno, da atividade fagocítica e da indução de endorfina. Contudo, ainda não existem estudos de casos suficientes, principalmente em humanos, para que se comprove de fato que a utilização do laser auxilie no processo de integração osso-implante que é chamado de ósseointegração, entretanto, nota-se, que essa técnica se mostra promissora para a área da odontologia.

E-cigarette use and combustible tobacco cigarette smoking uptake among non-smokers, including relapse in former smokers: umbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo review and summarise the current evidence on the uptake of combustible cigarette smoking following e-cigarette use in non-smokers—including never-smokers, people not currently smoking and past smokers—through an umbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis.DesignUmbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychINFO (Ovid), Medline (Ovid) and Wiley Cochrane Library up to April 2020.ResultsOf 6225 results, 25 studies of non-smokers—never, not current and former smokers—with a baseline measure of e-cigarette use and an outcome measure of combustible smoking uptake were included. All 25 studies found increased risk of smoking uptake with e-cigarette exposure, although magnitude varied substantially. Using a random-effects model, comparing e-cigarette users versus non-e-cigarette users, among never-smokers at baseline the OR for smoking initiation was 3.25 (95% CI 2.61 to 4.05, I2 85.7%) and among non-smokers at baseline the OR for current smoking was 2.87 (95% CI 1.97 to 4.19, I2 90.1%). Among former smokers, smoking relapse was higher in e-cigarette users versus non-users (OR=2.40, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.83, I2 12.3%).ConclusionsAcross multiple settings, non-smokers who use e-cigarettes are consistently more likely than those avoiding e-cigarettes to initiate combustible cigarette smoking and become current smokers. The magnitude of this risk varied, with an average of around three times the odds. Former smokers using e-cigarettes have over twice the odds of relapse as non-e-cigarettes users. This study is the first to our knowledge to review and pool data on the latter topic.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020168596.

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF PHARMACISTS ON ISSUES OF MEDICINES QUALITY ASSURANCE

The aim: To analyze, summarize and substantiate modern approaches to the formation of the professional competencies of pharmacists on issues of medicine quality assurance in Ukraine. Materials and methods: In this study, we performed systematic review, systematic and comparative analysis, content analysis, generalization, document analysis, logical and graphical modeling to address those issues. Conclusions: We showed that the curriculum and program of the «Basic foundations of the functioning of quality systems in pharmacy institutions» thematic improvement cycle for pharmacists have been substantiated and developed. The content of the program provides an opportunity to prepare pharmacists for independent work in the field of implementation and support of effective quality systems in pharmacy institutions and hospital pharmacy services. In the context of substantiation of modern approaches to the preparation of pharmacists in the field of medicines quality assurance, the experience and advantages of such modern forms of training of pharmacists as the use of training bases and blended learning have been studied. The modern approaches to the formation of the professional competencies of pharmacists on issues of medicine quality assurance in Ukraine have been analyzed, summarize and substantiated.