scholarly journals The Effects on Immune Function and Digestive Health of Consuming the Skin and Flesh of Zespri® SunGold Kiwifruit (Actinidia Chinensis var. Chinensis ‘Zesy002’) in Healthy and IBS-Constipated Individuals

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1453
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Eady ◽  
Alison J. Wallace ◽  
Duncan I. Hedderley ◽  
Kerry L. Bentley-Hewitt ◽  
Christine A. Butts
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Actinidia Spp

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that results in constipation (IBS-C) or diarrhoea with abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea and bloating. Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) are nutrient-dense fruit with a number of reported health benefits that include lowering glycaemic response, improving cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers, and enhancing gut comfort and laxation. This study investigated the effect of consuming three whole Zespri® SunGold kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Zesy002’) with or without skin on cytokine production and immune and gut health in healthy people and those with IBS-C symptoms. This study enrolled thirty-eight participants in a 16 week randomized cross-over study (19 healthy and 19 participants with IBS-C). Participants were randomized to consume either three kiwifruit without eating the skin or three kiwifruit including the skin for 4 weeks each, with a 4 week washout in between each intervention. There was a significant decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, for both the healthy and the IBS-C participants when they consumed whole kiwifruit and skin, and also for the healthy participants when they ate whole kiwifruit without the skin (p < 0.001). The kiwifruit interventions increased bowel frequency and significantly reduced the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale constipation and Birmingham IBS pain scores for both participant groups. We have demonstrated that consuming the skin of SunGold kiwifruit might have beneficial effects on gastrointestinal health that are not produced by consuming the flesh alone.

scholarly journals Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Prospero ◽  
Giuseppe Riezzo ◽  
Michele Linsalata ◽  
Antonella Orlando ◽  
Benedetta D’Attoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterised by gastrointestinal (GI) and psychological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, and somatization). Depression and anxiety, but not somatization, have already been associated with altered intestinal barrier function, increased LPS, and dysbiosis. The study aimed to investigate the possible link between somatization and intestinal barrier in IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) patients. Methods Forty-seven IBS-D patients were classified as having low somatization (LS = 19) or high somatization (HS = 28) according to the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), (cut-off score = 63). The IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaires were administered to evaluate GI symptoms. The intestinal barrier function was studied by the lactulose/mannitol absorption test, faecal and serum zonulin, serum intestinal fatty-acid binding protein, and diamine oxidase. Inflammation was assessed by assaying serum Interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-α. Dysbiosis was assessed by the urinary concentrations of indole and skatole and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All data were analysed using a non-parametric test. Results The GI symptoms profiles were significantly more severe, both as a single symptom and as clusters of IBS-SSS and GSRS, in HS than LS patients. This finding was associated with impaired small intestinal permeability and increased faecal zonulin levels. Besides, HS patients showed significantly higher IL-8 and lowered IL-10 concentrations than LS patients. Lastly, circulating LPS levels and the urinary concentrations of indole were higher in HS than LS ones, suggesting a more pronounced imbalance of the small intestine in the former patients. Conclusions IBS is a multifactorial disorder needing complete clinical, psychological, and biochemical evaluations. Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03423069.

scholarly journals Probiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Fjeldheim Dale ◽  
Stella Hellgren Rasmussen ◽  
Özgün Ömer Asiller ◽  
Gülen Arslan Lied
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a frequent functional gastrointestinal disorder, and alterations in the gut microbiota composition contributes to symptom generation. The exact mechanisms of probiotics in the human body are not fully understood, but probiotic supplements are thought to improve IBS symptoms through manipulation of the gut microbiota. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the latest randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of probiotic supplementation on symptoms in IBS patients. A literature search was conducted in Medline (PubMed) until March 2019. RCTs published within the last five years evaluating effects of probiotic supplements on IBS symptoms were eligible. The search identified in total 35 studies, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Seven studies (63.6%) reported that supplementation with probiotics in IBS patients significantly improved symptoms compared to placebo, whereas the remaining four studies (36.4%) did not report any significant improvement in symptoms after probiotic supplementation. Of note, three studies evaluated the effect of a mono-strain supplement, whereas the remaining eight trials used a multi-strain probiotic. Overall, the beneficial effects were more distinct in the trials using multi-strain supplements with an intervention of 8 weeks or more, suggesting that multi-strain probiotics supplemented over a period of time have the potential to improve IBS symptoms.

scholarly journals The Effect of Complex Korean Medical Treatment with Acupotomy on Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baek Ki Min ◽  
Joon Soo Jin ◽  
Do Eun Lee ◽  
Won Bin Shin ◽  
Jin Hyeon Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
Irritable Bowel

The effects of complex Korean medicine treatment including acupotomy, on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are reported in this case study. A 54-year-old woman with diarrheal symptoms that alternatively improved and worsened for many years and worsening abdominal pain visited the emergency room and was diagnosed with IBS; she was admitted for approximately 2 weeks at the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department of National Medical Center (NMC). Numerical rating scale (NRS), irritable bowel syndrome?quality of life (IBS-QOL), and gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) scores were evaluated on the day of hospitalization, midway through the hospitalization period, and on the day of discharge. Abdominal pain was measured daily using NRS, and the score decreased from 8 at admission to 0 at discharge. The IBS-QOL percentile score improved from 42 points to 100 points. The total GSRS score also improved, from 30 points to 2 points. These results suggest that complex Korean medicine treatment with acupotomy, is useful for treating internal diseases, such as IBS, as well as musculoskeletal disorders.

scholarly journals SEVERITY OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME SYMPTOMS AND FODMAPS INTAKE IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Mariana Cerne AUFIERI ◽  
Juliana Masami MORIMOTO ◽  
Renata Furlan VIEBIG
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
University Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Severe Abdominal Pain ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Irritable Bowel

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating and abdominal pain can reduce University student’s productivity and learning ability. One of the possible treatments for IBS is the temporarily exclusion of foods that have a high content of short-chain fermentable carbohydrates, the fermentable, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess University student’s intake of foods that are rich in FODMAPs, looking for possible associations with the severity of IBS symptoms. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with undergraduate students from a private University in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, aged between 19 and 46 years old and that were enrolled in different courses and stages. Students were invited to participate and those who gave their formal consent were included in this research. A sociodemographic and lifestyle questionnaire was applied, in addition to the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale - GSRS. Students also responded a short Food Frequency Questionnaire, developed to investigate habitual FODMAPs intake of Brazilian adult population. Spearman’s correlation analysis between the student’s GSRS scores and the frequency of foods rich in FODMAPs intake were performed in SPSS v.21. RESULTS: Fifty-six students were interviewed, with mean age of 21.4 years old (SD=4.41), with a predominance of women (76.8%). The GSRS results showed that 58.9% of students felt minimal to moderate abdominal discomfort and 14.3% had moderately severe to very severe abdominal pain during the prior week to the interview. Besides abdominal pain, the gastrointestinal symptoms that were most reported by students were flatulence (98.2%), stomach rumbling (89.3%) and eructations (85.7%). Greater symptom severity was observed in women (P=0.004) and sedentary students (P=0.003). Regarding FODMAPs consumption, honey (P=0.04), chocolate (P=0.03) and milk table cream (P=0.001) intakes were positively correlated with the greater severity of symptoms. CONCLUSION: Although clinical diagnosis is necessary to establish IBS, 73.2% of the students presented minimal to very severe abdominal pain during the prior week. Female had sedentary students had greater severity of gastrointestinal symptoms. A low FODMAP diet, well oriented, could bring some symptoms relief to these University students.

Recommendation and limitation of probiotics supplements

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Swapan Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Gluten Intolerance ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Harmful Effects

Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms often recommended for various patients or persons suffering from gastrointestinal health issues. These microorganisms are generally helpful bacteria and yeast present naturally in fermented foods. There is a growing demand for probiotic supplements manufactured by pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals companies globally due to the beneficial effects of natural probiotic intolerance. This study is a mini-review narrated the helpful and harmful effects among various sections of patients usually concerned with supplements. Probiotics are highly recommended for patients with ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, weight management, urinary tract infections, lactose and gluten intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome, and many more. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus are the probiotics or 'good bacteria, and  is a type of yeast that has also become a popular probiotic for the recommendation in diarrhea cum gastrointestinal issues. The study has emphasized the mode of actions and beneficial effects of supplements and categorically discussed the side effects, special precautions, and warnings for adults and children. More importantly, whether recommendations or limitations should be considered by experienced medical professionals treating such patients. More awareness and research are required in this probiotics field to understand the proper guidance and limits.

The role of gastrointestinal specific anxiety and alexithymia as predictors of the severity of irritable bowel syndrome in women

2021 ◽  
Vol LIII (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Aleksey I. Melehin
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Visceral Sensitivity ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Aim. To analyze the role of gastrointestinal specific anxiety and alexithymia in predicting the severity of the disease in 194 women with moderate to severe IBS with refractory course (average duration of the disease 38.4 months). Methods of investigation. Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale-IBS (GSRS-IBS), Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS), Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI), TAS-20, HADS, and SF-12. Results. It was shown that in women, the severity of irritable bowel syndrome and the risks of refractory course are closely related to high alexithymia and uncontrolled gastrointestinal specific anxiety, which are also related to each other. Patients with severe IBS significantly differ from patients with moderate symptomocoplex manifestations (pain, bloating, diarrheal manifestations), satisfaction with the quality of life, pronounced symptoms of depression, visceral sensitivity and alexithymia, which contributes to the formation of a number of therapeutic barriers. Regression analysis showed that the severity of IBS was equally predicted by presence of alexithymia and gastrointestinal specific anxiety in the patient. Conclusions. Alexithymia, especially the difficulty of expressing negative emotions (for example, irritation, anger), describing feelings, desires to other people, was a stronger factor in women predicting the severity of IBS compared to gastrointestinal specific anxiety. The presented symptomatic picture of alexithymic manifestations in patients with IBS shows that violations of emotional awareness affect the pathogenesis, the spectrum of reinsurance and avoidance behavior.

scholarly journals Return on investment of internet delivered exposure therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Wallén ◽  
Perjohan Lindfors ◽  
Erik Andersson ◽  
Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf ◽  
Hugo Hesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Consort Statement ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating and costly disorder. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of IBS, both when delivered over the internet and in face-to-face settings. CBT consists of different components and little is known about their relative importance. We have in an earlier study showed that inclusion of exposure in the CBT for IBS makes it even more effective. In the present study we wanted to evaluate the economic effects for society of inclusion vs exclusion of exposure in an internet delivered CBT for IBS. Methods We used data from a previous study with 309 participants with IBS. Participants were randomized to internet delivered CBT with (ICBT) or without exposure (ICBT-WE). We compared direct and indirect costs at baseline, after treatment, and 6 months after treatment (primary endpoint; 6MFU). Data was also collected on symptom severity and time spent by therapists and participants. The relative Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) was calculated for the two treatment conditions and the return on investment (ROI). Results Results showed that ICBT cost $213.5 (20%) more than ICBT-WE per participant. However, ICBT was associated with larger reductions regarding both costs and symptoms than ICBT-WE at 6MFU. The ICER was − 301.69, meaning that for every point improvement on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale—IBS version in ICBT, societal costs would be reduced with approximately $300. At a willingness to pay for a case of clinically significant improvement in IBS symptoms of $0, there was an 84% probability of cost-effectiveness. ROI analysis showed that for every $1 invested in ICBT rather than ICBT-WE, the return would be $5.64 six months after treatment. Analyses of post-treatment data showed a similar pattern although cost-savings were smaller. Conclusions Including exposure in Cognitive Behavior Treatment for IBS is more cost-effective from a societal perspective than not including it, even though it may demand more therapist and patient time in the short term. Trial registration This study is reported in accordance with the CONSORT statement for non-pharmacological trials [1]. Clinicaltrials.gov registration ID: NCT01529567 (14/02/2013).

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Logan Schuppener ◽  
Jennifer Harrison Elder
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

The purpose of this study was to characterize individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), who are part of a larger ASD study, in order to determine clinically useful ways to evaluate gastrointestinal (GI) symptomology. Thirty-three children (ages 3-16) were recruited from a variety of community agencies. Potential participants were screened using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Parental informed consent was obtained from all participants and child assent when appropriate. Parents completed the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, Bristol Stool Chart (BSC), and sociodemographic form. Of the 33 participants, 14 were currently experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms and had abnormal bowel movements. Seven had a history of gastrointestinal symptoms and abnormal bowel movements; two parents were unsure of their gastrointestinal health. According to the BSC rescore, 13 participants reported hard stools, 14 had normal stools, and six had loose stools. Moderate correlations were found among many GI symptoms (r33= .396 - .751) indicating that these could be clustered to create a profile. These findings are clinically significant because GI symptoms in ASD are difficult to diagnose due to communication and social impairments and may go undiagnosed and untreated.  Further characterizing GI symptomology in this population is a logical role for nurse researchers since nurses are often on the front line intervening within the ASD population.  

scholarly journals Irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in treated microscopic colitis patients compared with controls: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-380
Author(s):  
Jenny Pagoldh ◽  
David Lundgren ◽  
Ole B Suhr ◽  
Pontus Karling
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microscopic Colitis ◽  
Faecal Calprotectin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms is high in untreated patients with microscopic colitis (MC), but there is uncertainty of the prevalence of IBS-like symptoms in treated patients. We assessed the degree of IBS-like symptoms in patients with MC in comparison to control subjects, and investigated the association between IBS-like symptoms and faecal calprotectin (FC) in MC patients. Methods Patients with an established MC diagnosis (n = 57) were compared to sex- and age-matched controls (n = 138) for scores in the GSRS-IBS (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and HADS (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale). In MC patients, an FC level was simultaneously analysed. Results The median interval from MC diagnoses to the time the subjects participated in the study was 5.5 years (25th–75th percentiles; 4.5–9.5 years). The total GSRS-IBS score, subscores for abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhoea were significantly higher in MC patients compared to controls (all P &lt; 0.001). There was a significant correlation between FC levels and reported bowel frequency (P = 0.023), but there was no correlation between FC levels and GSRS-IBS scores. Patients with MC had significantly higher scores on anxiety (HADS-A) (P &lt; 0.001) and used more selective serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor drugs (P = 0.016) than the control subjects. However, only the control subjects (not the patients with MC) showed significant correlations between GSRS-IBS scores and HADS scores. Conclusions Patients with MC reported more IBS-like symptoms and anxiety than control subjects but neither FC levels nor symptoms of affectivity were significantly correlated with IBS-like symptoms.

Modified Intermittent Fasting in Psoriasis (MANGO) trial: a two-arm pilot randomized controlled open cross-over study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Grine ◽  
Niels Hilhorst ◽  
Nathalie Michels ◽  
Souheila Abbedou ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Psoriasis Severity

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a complex disease associated with multiple comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome and leaky gut syndrome. Dietary lifestyle interventions have been reported to affect the disease in terms of lesional severity. It remains unclear how diets affect these comorbidities and the general health in psoriasis patients. Modified Intermittent Fasting (MIF) on 2 non-consecutive days has shown beneficial effects on metabolic parameters. A significant advantage of MIF over the currently investigated dietary changes is its feasibility. OBJECTIVE Here, we aim to study the effects of MIF on skin, gut and metabolic health in psoriasis patients. METHODS A two-arm pilot prospective cross-over randomized control trial (RCT) will be performed in 20 patients with psoriasis as a pilot study. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to either start with MIF and subsequent regular diet for 12 weeks each or to start with regular diet and subsequent MIF for 12 weeks each. The following parameters will be assessed: demographics, disease phenotype, medical and familial history, psoriasis severity, dermatology-specific and general quality of life, nutritional and physical habits, mental and intestinal health, intestinal and cutaneous integrity, inflammatory and metabolic markers, and satisfaction. RESULTS The aim is to uncover the effects of MIF on psoriasis severity and gut health integrity through clinical and molecular investigation. More precisely, we want to map the evolution of the different markers in response to MIF as compared to the regular diet, such as psoriasis severity, permeability and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Understanding how dietary lifestyles can affect epithelial lineages such as the skin and gut, will greatly improve our understanding on the development of psoriasis and may pose a non-pharmacological venue for treatments. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04418791. Registered June 5 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04418791. Current protocol date/version: May 20 2020

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