Vitamin D Status Impacts Genital Mucosal Immunity and Markers of HIV-1 Susceptibility in Women

While vitamin D insufficiency is known to impact a multitude of health outcomes, including HIV-1, little is known about the role of vitamin D-mediated immune regulation in the female reproductive tract (FRT). We performed a pilot clinical study of 20 women with circulating 25(OH)D levels <62.5 nmol/L. Participants were randomized into either weekly or daily high-dose oral vitamin D supplementation groups. In addition to serum vitamin D levels, genital mucosal endpoints, including soluble mediators, immune cell populations, gene expression, and ex vivo HIV-1 infection, were assessed. While systemic vitamin D levels showed a significant increase following supplementation, these changes translated into modest effects on the cervicovaginal factors studied. Paradoxically, post-supplementation vitamin D levels were decreased in cervicovaginal fluids. Given the strong correlation between vitamin D status and HIV-1 infection and the widespread nature of vitamin D deficiency, further understanding of the role of vitamin D immunoregulation in the female reproductive tract is important.

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The Role of Polymorphisms in Vitamin D-Related Genes in Response to Vitamin D Supplementation

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092608 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2608

Author(s):

Sara Tomei ◽

Parul Singh ◽

Rebecca Mathew ◽

Valentina Mattei ◽

Mathieu Garand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Vdr Gene ◽

Individual Level ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background. Vitamin D deficiency represents a major healthcare problem. Vitamin D status is influenced by genetic and environmental determinants. Several observational studies have evaluated the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D-related genes and vitamin D levels. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of these SNPs in the response to vitamin D supplementation. We conducted an interventional study to define the association between SNPs in vitamin D-related genes and the response to vitamin D supplementation in 100 self-reported healthy women of Arab ancestry for the majority. Methods. A total of 100 healthy female subjects received a weekly oral dose of 50,000 IU vitamin D for 12 weeks. Serum vitamin D concentration and metabolic profiles were measured at baseline and 12 weeks post-vitamin D supplementation. The genotypes of 37 SNPs selected from previously reported vitamin D-related genes have been assessed by Fluidigm genotyping assay. Results. Rs731236 (VDR gene) and rs7116978 (CYP2R1 gene) showed a significant association with vitamin D status. The rs731236 GG genotype and the rs7116978 CC genotype were associated with a “vitamin D sufficiency” state. Rs731236 GG and rs7116978 CC genotypes showed a higher response to vitamin D supplementation. Transcription factor binding site prediction analysis showed altered binding sites for transcription factors according to the different rs7116978 alleles. Interestingly, the 37 SNPs previously established to play a role in vitamin D-related pathways explained very little of the response to vitamin D supplementation in our cohort, suggesting the existence of alternative loci whose number and effect size need to be investigated in future studies. Conclusion. In this paper, we present novel data on vitamin D-related SNPs and response to vitamin D supplementation demonstrating the feasibility of applying functional genomic approaches in interventional studies to assess individual-level responses to vitamin D supplementation.

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Influence of serum vitamin D status on severe sarcopenia among female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the KURAMA database

10.21203/rs.3.rs-697981/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroto Minamino ◽

Masao Katsushima ◽

Mie Torii ◽

Wataru Yamamoto ◽

Yoshihito Fujita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract Sarcopenia is an age-related disease with an increased risk of mortality. It is emerging that low serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) affects the sarcopenic state in general, but in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), these associations are not understood although the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in RA. We conducted a cross-sectional study of older female outpatients from our cohort (KURAMA) database. We measured skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and gait-speed to diagnose severe sarcopenia. The serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A total of 156 Patients (sarcopenia:44.9%, severe sarcopenia: 29.5%, and without sarcopenia: 25.6%) were enrolled. Classification of vitamin D status at a cutoff point of median 25(OH)D concentration revealed that low 25(OH)D status was associated with a high prevalence of severe sarcopenia and with low measured values of muscle mass, handgrip, and gait-speed. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis identified that low 25(OH)D status was associated with a high prevalence of severe sarcopenia (OR 6.00; 95% CI 1.99–18.08). In components of sarcopenia, both low physical performance and muscle mass were associated with low 25(OH) status. In conclusion, vitamin D levels are associated with severe sarcopenia and its components, and modification of vitamin D status including vitamin D supplementation may play a role in improving sarcopenia in RA.

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P–662 Study on D-vitamin, AMH and insulin interrelation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.661 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

A Coc. Lizarraga ◽

S Lindenberg ◽

G Juu. Almind ◽

F Lindenberg

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Group A ◽

D Values ◽

Group B

Abstract Study question Is vitamin D deficiency more prevalent in PCOS patients? Is there a link between vitamin D levels and metabolic status in PCOS subjects? Summary answer An inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and metabolic status was demonstrated and it is thought to be responsible of its pathogenesis. What is known already PCOS is a multifactorial condition, characterised by failure in oogenesis and anovulation. Obesity is a common condition linked to its clinical features and studies have reported inverse associations between BMI and severity of the condition. Furthermore, 67–85% of PCOS patients have vitamin D deficiency. Low levels of vitamin D have been found to be closely related to insulin resistance, obesity, or hyperandrogenism and there is a significant association between serum vitamin D levels and reproductive function. Other factors such as AMH have also been described as possibly involved in the pathophysiology. Study design, size, duration We performed a retrospective, analytical and observational study in the Copenhagen Fertility Center. Patients referred with cycle abnormalities, hirsutism, and infertility were evaluated. A total of 778 women were enrolled consecutively from January 2019 to October 2020. Subjects who had major medical disorders were excluded. We selected those in which vitamin D was measured in the baseline analysis selecting a total of 396 patients. The further analysis has been carried out from 100 randomly selected patients. Participants/materials, setting, methods Blood samples were drawn after overnight fasting. They were all assayed in the same laboratory. Biochemical parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Same parameters were studied after dividing into vitamin D deficiency group or optimal levels using a multiple t-test. Correlation between variables was determined. Graphpad Prism program version 8 was used to perform the calculations. The level of statistical significance was set at P-value < 0.05. Main results and the role of chance A total of 100 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected randomly from 396 PCOS women. Serum vitamin D concentrations were highly variable ranging from 16 nmol/L to 175 nmol/L. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 24% and 41% of the subjects were classified as vitamin D insufficient. Only 35% of our patients had optimal vitamin D values. We compared data between the group with optimal values of vitamin D (Group A) versus the group with insufficient/deficient vitamin D values (Group B). We found statistical difference between groups in PTH values, being notably higher in group B compared with group A. Despite no statistically significant difference was obtained, it is important to highlight that the mean of SHBG was lower in group B and the mean of androstenedione, AMH, FAI and HOMA-IR were much higher in this group as well. Following the HOMA-IR criteria, 55% of patients had insulin resistance. Specifically, 26% had moderate insulin resistance and 29% severe insulin resistance. Levels of vitamin D were negatively correlated with FAI, AMH and HOMA-IR and positively correlated with HDL-Cholesterol and SHBG. Statistically significant differences were evidenced in the correlation between vitamin D and FAI and SHBG. Limitations, reasons for caution This is a retrospective observational study on a consecutive admitted patient group with a lack of a control group. Another limitation is the small sample size. It is difficult to generalize with other degrees of severity. We didn’t assess seasonal variability or if they were taking any vitamin D supplementation. Wider implications of the findings: Properly randomized clinical trials are mandatory to achieve more conclusive results about the role of vitamin D. Available evidence is promising but not sufficient to draw final conclusions. The aim is to better understand the pathophysiology of the condition and the factors involved and to find new target treatments. Trial registration number 1

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Low Serum Vitamin D is Independently Associated with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Medicine Today ◽

10.3329/medtoday.v30i1.35564 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 34-37

Author(s):

Md Mahabubul Islam Majumder ◽

Md Nazmul Hasan Chowdhury ◽

Ashiqur Rahman Khan ◽

Tarek Ahmed ◽

Saleh Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Low Serum

Low serum vitamin D levels have been associated with various vascular diseases. Very little is known its association with acute stroke in Bangladeshi population. We therefore sought to assess whether low serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D, a marker of vitamin D status is associated with acute stroke. We performed a prospective study in Comilla Medical Collage, Comilla, from November 2016 to November 2017. All the patients diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke on the basis of CT scan or MRI of brain. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they were admitted with onset of symptoms within 24 hours. Estimation of 25(OH)D level was done at presentation. The patients were stratified by vitamin D status, >30 as vitamin D sufficient, vitamin D 20-20.9 as insufficient and finally vitamin D<20 as deficient. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that out of the desired 7 variables, smoking, hypertension and low serum vitamin D were found independent predictors for acute stroke with ORs being 1.44, 4.23 and 2.39 respectively. Vitamin D deficiency represents an important risk factor for acute stroke and it might play a causal role in the development adverse events associated with stroke.Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(1): 34-37

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Association of statin use and risk for severe headache or migraine by serum vitamin D status: A cross-sectional population-based study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102414559733 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (9) ◽

pp. 757-766 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Catherine Buettner ◽

Rami Burstein

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Severe Headache ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

Statin Use

Objective The objective of this article is to evaluate whether statin use and vitamin D status is associated with severe headache or migraine in a nationally representative sample. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of US individuals aged ≥40 years for whom information on statin use, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), and self-reported severe headache or migraine had been collected. We calculated prevalence estimates of headache according to statin and 25(OH)D, and conducted adjusted logistic regression analyses stratified by the median 25(OH)D (≤57 and >57 nmol/l). Results Among 5938 participants, multivariable-adjusted logistic regression showed that statin use was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of severe headache or migraine (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.46, 0.98, p = 0.04). We found a significant interaction between statin use and 25(OH)D with the prevalence of severe headache or migraine ( p for interaction = 0.005). Among participants who had serum 25(OH)D > 57 nmol/l, statin use was associated with a multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of 0.48 (95% CI 0.32, 0.71, p = 0.001) for having severe headache or migraine. Among those with 25(OH)D ≤ 57 nmol/l, no significant association was observed between statin use and severe headache or migraine. Conclusion Statin use in those with higher serum vitamin D levels is significantly associated with lower odds of having severe headache or migraine.

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The Association of Vitamin D Status with Lipid Profile and Inflammation Biomarkers in Healthy Adolescents

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020590 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 590 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amirhossein Yarparvar ◽

Ibrahim Elmadfa ◽

Abolghassem Djazayery ◽

Zahra Abdollahi ◽

Forouzan Salehi

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background: The association between vitamin D status and inflammatory biomarkers and lipid profile is not well known, especially in adolescents. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate the association of vitamin D status with serum lipids and inflammatory biomarkers, including IL-10, IL-6, hsCRP, and TNFR-2, in male adolescents. Methods and materials: A sample of seventy-one high school male students, aged 17 years old, from a high school in Tehran were enrolled in the study. They were divided into four groups including group with serum vitamin D below 25 (ng/mL) (SVD < 25; n = 36), 25 and above (ng/mL) (SVD ≥ 25; n = 35), negative-hsCRP (n = 48), and positive-hsCRP (n = 23). Weight, height, body mass index, dietary intake, serum lipids, and inflammatory biomarkers, including IL-10, IL-6, hsCRP, and TNFR-2, were measured. Results: In the (SVD < 25) group, the serum level of TNFR-2 was significantly higher compared to that in the (SVD ≥ 25) group. There was a significant negative association between serum TNFR-2 and vitamin D levels in the whole sample. We found significant lower levels of IL-10 in positive-hsCRP group compared to the negative-hsCRP group. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between the serum vitamin D level and hsCRP in both hsCRP groups. The HDL level was lower in the (SVD < 25) group compared to that in the (SVD ≥ 25) group. Finally, there was a negative correlation between the serum HDL and hsCRP levels in the positive-hsCRP subjects. Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that serum vitamin D affects HDL and inflammation status. Although serum levels of HDL and inflammation status are both predictors of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, further studies are needed to prove it, especially in adolescents.

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Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Idiopathic and Traumatic Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Talus

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100719864325 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (11) ◽

pp. 1309-1318 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lukas Fraissler ◽

Sebastian Philipp Boelch ◽

Thomas Schäfer ◽

Matthias Walcher ◽

Jörg Arnholdt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Low vitamin D levels are common in patients with foot and ankle disorders. We have previously demonstrated that juveniles diagnosed with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, there is evidence that OCD might be related to vitamin D deficiency in general. However, whether or not hypovitaminosis D is associated with OCD of the talus has yet to be elucidated. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine serum vitamin D levels [25(OH)D] of patients diagnosed with traumatic and idiopathic OCD of the talus. The vitamin D status of patients was measured and correlated to age, sex, season, etiology, laterality, degree of disease, and nicotine abuse. Moreover, parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels of patients were obtained to assess for severe vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Between January 2015 and December 2017, 65 patients with a mean age of 38.9 years and a total of 68 lesions were identified. Results: In total, 75.4% of patients had low vitamin D levels with a mean overall 25(OH)D level of 24.2 ng/mL. Specifically, 35.4% of patients were vitamin D deficient; another 40% were vitamin D insufficient, and only 24.6% of patients presented with sufficient vitamin D levels. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference comparing vitamin D levels of patients with idiopathic OCD to patients with traumatic OCD. Conclusion: We could not find any significant differences in the vitamin D status of patients with OCD of the talus compared with patients with foot and ankle disorders in general. However, we found that vitamin D deficiency was frequent in patients presenting with traumatic and idiopathic OCD of the talus. We believe it might be beneficial to routinely assess and treat the vitamin D status of patients. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.

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Study of Serum Vitamin D Level in Different Socio-Demographic Population - A Pilot Study

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v19i1.34836 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 22-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Homayra Tahseen Hossain ◽

Quazi Tarikul Islam ◽

Md Abul Kashem Khandaker ◽

HAM Nazmul Ahasan

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Study Population

Background: Recently, we see in our clinical practice that many patients who are coming with generalized body aches and pains and diagnosed as fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue, not adequately responding to treatment. When their vitamin D level was done, it was found to be low and correction of their low vitamin D level improved their symptoms dramatically. Despite abundant sunshine in Bangladesh, allowing vitamin D synthesis all the year round, why our people are developing hypovitaminosis D inspired us to do this current study. Our present study is designed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among adult patients presented with aches & pains as well as to study the association of low vitamin D levels with different socio-demographic parameters.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted among 212 adult patients aged 18 years and above presented with generalized body aches and pains, attended both outpatient and inpatient departments of Popular Medical College Hospital during the period of March’16- August’16 ( 6 months). Association between vitamin D status & the individual specific variables was statistically analyzed.Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the study population was found to be100% in all age groups. Among 212 study population, 73.6% were female (n=156) & 26.4% were male (n=56). Mean Vitamin D level among male was 14.29 (SD 4.68) & among female was 12.64 (SD 4.74). The factors associated with severely deficient Vitamin D level were female sex, urban population, &obesity. It is alarming that 64.2% of our study population were totally unaware about the importance of sun exposure.Conclusions: Vitamin D status was associated with a number of socio-demographic variables. Knowledge of these variables may improve targeted education and public health initiatives.J MEDICINE Jan 2018; 19 (1) : 22-29

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Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Qatar: a systematic review

Journal of Public Health Research ◽

10.4081/jphr.2012.e36 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Alaa Badawi ◽

Paul Arora ◽

Eman Sadoun ◽

Al-Anoud Al-Thani ◽

Mohamed H. Al Thani

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Sample Size ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Qatar has a high burden of chronic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Low serum vitamin D levels have been implicated in the development and progression of a range of these chronic conditions. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the general population of Qatar has still not been investigated. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of published studies documenting the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the Qatari population. A search strategy was developed for online databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and Embase Classic) between 1980 to the last week of August 2012, and bibliographies of the included studies were further searched for additional reports. Search terms used were QATAR and VITAMIN D. Studies reporting the serum levels of vitamin D in several Qatari sub-populations were identified. Weighted-average vitamin D serum levels and prevalence of low vitamin D status (<75 nmol/L) were calculated. Subgroup analysis was carried out by age. The quality of each study was evaluated according to four criteria: national representativeness, representation of males and females, the sample size, and the sampling protocol. A total of 16 relevant publications were identified, and 8 of these (reporting from 7 unique studies) met our inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total number of 1,699 Qatari subjects. The pooled sample size weighted-average vitamin D concentration (±SD) was 45.3±14.3 nmol/L (95% CI: 44.6-46.0; range 29.2-66.9 nmol/L). The weighted-average prevalence of low vitamin D status was 90.4% (95% CI: 90.1-91.0; range 83%-91%). Age was inversely correlated with vitamin D levels and directly with its insufficiency/deficiency prevalence. There have only been a few studies on the prevalence of low vitamin D in Qatar a very high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in Qatar that increases with age has been suggested. The present report underlines the need to develop a nationally representative study to further evaluate vitamin D status in Qatar. Given the growing evidence of the role of vitamin D in chronic disease, this study could help develop public health strategies for disease prevention in Qatar.

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Seasonal variation in the incidence rate of tuberculous meningitis is associated with sunshine hours

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268812001045 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 141 (3) ◽

pp. 459-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

D. H. VISSER ◽

J. F. SCHOEMAN ◽

A. M. VAN FURTH

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Tuberculous Meningitis ◽

Rate Ratio ◽

Incidence Rate Ratio ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Sunshine Hours ◽

Vitamin D Levels

SUMMARYTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe complication of tuberculosis and occurs mainly during early childhood. The incidence rate of TBM varies with season, and serum vitamin D levels, which are dependent on sunlight, might play a role. We studied the association between TBM incidence rate and hours of sunshine in Cape Town, South Africa and found a significant association between the incidence rate of TBM and hours of sunshine 3 months earlier (incidence rate ratio per 100 sunshine hours 0·69, 95% confidence interval 0·54–0·88, P = 0·002). The association supports the hypothesis that vitamin D might play a role in the pathophysiology of TBM. Further prospective studies in which vitamin D status is measured are necessary to determine causality.

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