scholarly journals Protein Source and Muscle Health in Older Adults: A Literature Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Christianto Putra ◽  
Nicolai Konow ◽  
Matthew Gage ◽  
Catherine G. York ◽  
Kelsey M. Mangano
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pea Protein ◽  
Plant Protein Sources ◽  
Muscle Health

Research shows that higher dietary protein of up to 1.2 g/kgbodyweight/day may help prevent sarcopenia and maintain musculoskeletal health in older individuals. Achieving higher daily dietary protein levels is challenging, particularly for older adults with declining appetites and underlying health conditions. The negative impact of these limitations on aging muscle may be circumvented through the consumption of high-quality sources of protein and/or supplementation. Currently, there is a debate regarding whether source of protein differentially affects musculoskeletal health in older adults. Whey and soy protein have been used as the most common high-quality proteins in recent literature. However, there is growing consumer demand for additional plant-sourced dietary protein options. For example, pea protein is rapidly gaining popularity among consumers, despite little to no research regarding its long-term impact on muscle health. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to: (1) review current literature from the past decade evaluating whether specific source(s) of dietary protein provide maximum benefit to muscle health in older adults; and (2) highlight the need for future research specific to underrepresented plant protein sources, such as pea protein, to then provide clearer messaging surrounding plant-sourced versus animal-sourced protein and their effects on the aging musculoskeletal system.

scholarly journals Loneliness and Health in Older Adults: A Mini-Review and Synthesis

Gerontology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Ong ◽  
Bert N. Uchino ◽  
Elaine Wethington
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Status ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation

Increasing evidence suggests that perceived social isolation or loneliness is a major risk factor for physical and mental illness in later life. This review assesses the status of research on loneliness and health in older adults. Key concepts and definitions of loneliness are identified, and the prevalence, correlates, and health effects of loneliness in older individuals are reviewed. Theoretical mechanisms that underlie the association between loneliness and health are also described, and illustrative studies examining these mechanisms are summarized. Intervention approaches to reduce loneliness in old age are highlighted, and priority recommendations for future research are presented.

scholarly journals Healthy, Active Aging for People and Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra McCune ◽  
Daniel Promislow
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
Companion Dogs ◽  
The Us

Dogs act as companions who provide us with emotional and physical support. Their shorter lifespans compel us to learn about the challenges and gifts of caring for older individuals. Our companion dogs can be exemplars of healthy or unhealthy aging, and sentinels of environmental factors that might increase or decrease our own healthy lifespan. In recent years, the field of aging has emphasized not just lifespan, but healthspan—the period of healthy, active lifespan. This focus on healthy, active aging is reflected in the World Health Organization's current focus on healthy aging for the next decade and the 2016 Healthy Aging in Action initiative in the US. This paper explores the current research into aging in both people and companion dogs, and in particular, how the relationship between older adults and dogs impacts healthy, active aging for both parties. The human-dog relationship faces many challenges as dogs, and people, age. We discuss potential solutions to these challenges, including suggestions for ways to continue contact with dogs if dog ownership is no longer possible for an older person. Future research directions are outlined in order to encourage the building of a stronger evidence base for the role of dogs in the lives of older adults.

Exploring anticholinergic burden in older adults in the acute hospital setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 544-550
Author(s):  
Anna Mould
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Anticholinergic Medications ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden ◽  
Acute Hospital Setting

Anticholinergic medications are widely used to treat a variety of health conditions. Anticholinergic burden has a negative impact on the overall wellbeing of older adults. The aim of this study was to explore tthe extent to which anticholinergic burden was a feature in the presentation of older individuals referred to the Mental Health Liaison Service (MHLS) with confusion, which increases risk of falling. To do this, a retrospective review was conducted of referrals to the MHLS of patients referred with confusion, and of a sample of drug charts from the older person's medical wards. A case study is also presented, to support the conclusion that anticholinergic burden is significant in older patients presenting to the acute hospital setting.

The Six Dimensions of Wellness and Cognition in Aging Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Ann Strout ◽  
Elizabeth P. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Six Dimensions ◽  
Future Of Nursing ◽  
Aging Adults

Objective: Examine how wellness in six dimensions (occupational, social, intellectual, physical, emotional, and spiritual) protects cognition in aging adults. Background: cognitive impairment increases with age. Baby boomers represent a significant percent of the population at risk for cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment has a negative impact on nursing resources, health care finances, patient mortality, and quality of life. Wellness and prevention is one focus of Institute of Medicine’s vision for the future of nursing. Method: Literature was retrieved from Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and MEDLINE. Research that examined the affect of wellness in each of the six dimensions on cognition in older adults was included. Results: One or more of the following may protect cognition in aging: midlife occupation complexity, marriage, social networks, formal education, intellectual activities, physical activity, healthy nutrition, motivational ability, purpose in life, and spirituality. Conclusion: Wellness in one or more of the six dimensions may protect cognition in aging. The cognitive protective benefits may increase when wellness in more than one dimension is demonstrated. High wellness in one dimension may protect cognition by compensating for low wellness in another dimension. The interconnectedness of each of the dimensions signifies the importance of evaluating older adults holistically. Wellness throughout the life span may result in improved cognition in aging. Application: Future research is needed to examine the relationship between the six dimensions of wellness and cognition, and to determine if one dimension of wellness is a significant predictor of cognitive health in aging adults.

Factors That Influence the Occupational Engagement of Older Adults with Low Vision: A Scoping Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen E McGrath ◽  
Debbie Laliberte Rudman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Occupational Engagement ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Age Related

Introduction: Prior research has provided occupational therapists with an understanding of the negative impact of low vision on self care, leisure and productivity. In order to guide future low-vision rehabilitation services, an understanding of the factors that influence the occupational engagement of older adults with age-related vision loss (ARVL) is also needed. Method: A scoping review of the literature was conducted in order to identify those factors that have been shown to influence the occupational engagement of older adults with ARVL, and to identify future research needs. Findings: As identified in this scoping review, five types of factors were shown to influence occupational engagement for older adults with ARVL including: demographic variables, emotional components, behavioural components, diagnostic components, and environmental aspects. Conclusion: Although findings pertaining to personal factors can inform practice, few studies explored the influence of environmental factors on occupational engagement. Given that occupation is a result of person-environment transactions, it is important that future research more fully explores environmental influences in order to enable occupational therapists to deliver services that optimize the occupational performance of seniors with ARVL.

scholarly journals A personal financial risk assessment intervention decreases investment fraud susceptibility in older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Martin ◽  
Jayden Rae ◽  
Sekoul Krastev ◽  
Dan Pilat ◽  
Brooke Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Risk Preferences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Normal Ageing ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Older adults are more often the targets and victims of financial fraud, with Americans aged 65and older being 34% more likely to lose money due to fraud than those in their forties. This greater susceptibility to fraudulent offers may be due to a shift from more deliberative thinking to automatic thinking that occurs during normal ageing. This experiment tests an intervention that engages deliberative thinking about risk preferences (aPersonal Risk Assessment) as a means of decreasing susceptibility to an email with tell-tale signs of a fraudulent investment. The intervention was delivered to younger (aged < 60) and older (aged 60+) groups. Compared to age-matched controls, the intervention reduced susceptibility in the older group but not the younger one. This difference between the groups may be due to different underlying risk preferences, with the younger group having more risk tolerance. Prompting older adults to deliberately reflect on their risk-aversive preferences thus appears to counteract the effects of age on susceptibility to fraud. This experiment provides a new means of reducing susceptibility to fraud among older individuals. Future research should examine ways of decreasing susceptibility in younger populations and investigate underlying mechanisms of fraud susceptibility in both age groups.

Prevalence of Uncoupled Sleep and Dysfunctional Sleep Beliefs in a Sample of Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Western Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Kutzer ◽  
Lisa Whitehead ◽  
Eimear Quigley ◽  
Shih Ching Fu ◽  
Mandy Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Dysfunctional Beliefs ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Objectives: Individuals who complain of insomnia may not always have objectively measured poor sleep, and vice versa, a phenomenon which is referred to as uncoupled sleepers. This study assessed the prevalence of uncoupled sleepers and levels of dysfunctional sleep beliefs in a sample of older adults in Western Australia.Method: 80 adults aged 60-80 years (71 females, 89%) completed a questionnaire, sleep diary and actigraphy measurements. Sleep related dysfunctional beliefs and self-rated sleep quality were assessed using the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep scale (DBAS-16). Objective sleep quality was measured using an ActigraphTM model wGT3X-BT activity monitor and subjective sleep quality was assessed using a modified version of the Consensus Sleep Diary.Results: 52 of 80 participants (65%) were uncoupled sleepers. Individuals who complained of insomnia in the absence of objectively measured poor sleep showed worse self-reported sleep outcomes and higher dysfunctional beliefs, even though on actigraphy measurements there were no significant differences. Discussion: Future research should examine subjective and objective sleep parameters in older individuals. Interindividual differences in the relationship between perceived and measured sleep quality could present a target for potential therapeutic intervention.Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN 12619001509156; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=378451

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Fish-Derived Protein Hydrolysates on Metabolic Health, Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function in Ageing

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2434
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Lees ◽  
Brian P. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Muscle Health ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Fish protein represents one of the most widely consumed dietary protein sources by humans. The processing of material from the fishing industry generates substantial unexploited waste products, many of which possess high biological value. Protein hydrolysates, such as fish protein hydrolysates (FPH), containing predominantly di- and tripeptides, are more readily absorbed than free amino acids and intact protein. Furthermore, in animal models, FPH have been shown to possess numerous beneficial properties for cardiovascular, neurological, intestinal, renal, and immune health. Ageing is associated with the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, as well as increased oxidative stress, compromised vascularisation, neurological derangements, and immunosenescence. Thus, there appears to be a potential application for FPH in older persons as a high-quality protein source that may also confer additional health benefits. Despite this, there remains a dearth of information concerning the impact of FPH on health outcomes in humans. The limited evidence from human interventional trials suggests that FPH may hold promise for supporting optimal body composition and maintaining gut integrity. FPH also provide a high-quality source of dietary protein without negatively impacting on subjective appetite perceptions or regulatory hormones. Further studies are needed to assess the impact and utility of FPH on skeletal muscle health in older persons, ideally comparing FPH to ‘established’ protein sources or a non-bioactive, nitrogen-matched control. In particular, the effects of acute and chronic FPH consumption on post-exercise aminoacidaemia, skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and intramyocellular anabolic signalling in older adults are worthy of investigation. FPH may represent beneficial and sustainable alternative sources of high-quality protein to support skeletal muscle health and anabolism in ageing, without compromising appetite and subsequent energy intake.

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