scholarly journals Psychological Risk Factors for the Development of Restrictive and Bulimic Eating Behaviors: A Polish and Vietnamese Comparison

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Bernadetta Izydorczyk ◽  
Ha Truong Thi Khanh ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska ◽  
Sebastian Lizińczyk
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
Body Self ◽  
Psychological Risk ◽  
Different Cultures

The aim of this paper is to identify psychological factors which are culture specific or common predictors for restrictive and bulimic behaviors towards eating for young women raised in different cultures. The study included 661 young women from Poland (n = 233) and Vietnam (n = 428). Subjects filled-in the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-3) and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS), and body measurements were collected to calculate anthropometric indices. Women form Vietnam were less satisfied with their appearance than were their Polish peers, but Vietnamese showed a lower level of preoccupation with being overweight and fear of obesity. Intercultural differences indicate that Vietnamese women show greater intensities for psychological variables, connected with restrictive and bulimic eating behaviors, verified in the research model: low self-esteem, personal alienation, interpersonal insecurity, interpersonal alienation, emotional dysregulation, interoceptive deficits, perfectionism and asceticism, and anxiety.

scholarly journals The Clinical Obesity Maintenance Model: An Integration of Psychological Constructs including Mood, Emotional Regulation, Disordered Overeating, Habitual Cluster Behaviours, Health Literacy and Cognitive Function

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanthi Raman ◽  
Evelyn Smith ◽  
Phillipa Hay
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Maintenance Model

Psychological distress and deficits in executive functioning are likely to be important barriers to effective weight loss maintenance. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, in the light of recent evidence in the fields of neuropsychology and obesity, particularly on the deficits in the executive function in overweight and obese individuals, a conceptual and theoretical framework of obesity maintenance is introduced by way of a clinical obesity maintenance model (COMM). It is argued that psychological variables, that of habitual cluster Behaviors, emotional dysregulation, mood, and health literacy, interact with executive functioning and impact on the overeating/binge eating behaviors of obese individuals. Second, cognizant of this model, it is argued that the focus of obesity management should be extended to include a broader range of maintaining mechanisms, including but not limited to cognitive deficits. Finally, a discussion on potential future directions in research and practice using the COMM is provided.

scholarly journals Aging anxieties and disturbed eating in female students: It’s not all about aging appearance concern

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béré Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Disturbed Eating ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
Aging Anxiety ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

Fear and anxiety about aging have increased amongst female university students and these personal aging concerns are associated with disturbed eating, also prevalent in this group. Evidence suggests concern about aging appearance could account for the link between aging anxiety and problem eating in young women due to their belief in the thin – youth ideal. However, whether appearance concern is the strongest aging anxiety predictor of global and specific disturbed eating behaviors is unclear. The study examines this in a sample of female students at a Midlands university in the United Kingdom (N = 200, 18 – 39 years) who completed the Anxiety about Aging Scale and the Eating Disorders Inventory-3. The findings show general and a model of four aging anxieties predicted significantly greater global disturbed eating with medium and large effects sizes respectively. However, greater anxiety about the psychological challenges and interpersonal losses associated with aging best predicted global and specific disturbed eating behaviors and aging appearance concern was a weaker predictor. Implications for interventions targeting female students eating behavior are considered.

The psychology of pain-related disability: Implications for intervention

Work and pain ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 105-142
Author(s):  
Michael J. L. Sullivan ◽  
Stephania Donayre Pimentel ◽  
Catherine Paré
Keyword(s):  
Work Disability ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Perceived Injustice ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Fear Avoidance Beliefs ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Occupational Reintegration ◽  
Psychological Risk

Research over the past two decades a pointed to a number of pain-related psychological variables and mental health conditions that impede recovery following musculoskeletal injury. This chapter briefly reviews evidence suggesting that pain-related psychological variables such as recovery expectancies, self-efficacy, pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, and fear-avoidance beliefs, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) play a significant role as determinants of work-disability in individuals with musculoskeletal conditions. Although significant advances have been made with respect to the identification of psychological variables that contribute to prolonged work disability, what has lagged is the development of risk-targeted interventions to promote occupational reintegration. Although numerous clinical trials have shown statistically significant changes in pain-related psychological risk factors, the clinical significance of observed changes has been questioned. The development and evaluation of risk targeted interventions aimed at promoting occupational reintegration in work-disabled individuals will need to be a priority for future research in this area.

scholarly journals LONELINESS AND SUICIDE IDEATION IN OLDER ADULTS: A LONGITUDINAL INVESTIGATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S594-S594
Author(s):  
Marnin J Heisel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
Psychological Risk

Abstract Older adults have the highest rates of suicide globally, necessitating theory and research investigating suicide and its prevention in later-life. The experience of loneliness is significantly associated with depression, hopelessness, negative health outcomes, and mortality among older adults. Yet, relatively little research has focused on the role of loneliness in conferring suicide risk in later life. The purpose of the present study was thus to investigate the potential associations between loneliness and suicide ideation and behavior in a sample of community-residing older adults recruited into a larger two-year longitudinal study of psychological risk and resiliency to later-life suicide ideation. We specifically recruited 173 adults, 65 years or older, from community locations in a medium-sized Canadian city, for a study on “healthy aging.” Participants completed measures of positive and negative psychological variables, including depression, loneliness, and suicide ideation at a baseline assessment, and again at 2-4 week, 6-12 month, and 1-2 year follow-up points. Findings indicated that loneliness (UCLA Loneliness Scale) was significantly positively associated with concurrent depression and suicide ideation, negatively associated with psychological well-being and perceived social support, and differentiated between participants who endorsed or denied having ever engaged in suicide behavior. Baseline loneliness also explained significant variability in the onset of suicide ideation over a 1-2 year period of follow-up, controlling for age, sex, and baseline depression and suicide ideation. These findings will be discussed in the context of the need for increased focus on psychosocial factors when assessing and intervening to reduce suicide risk in older adults.

scholarly journals DIFERENCIAS EN IMAGEN CORPORAL DE JÓVENES NORMOPESO Y CON SOBREPESO/OBESIDAD

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Cruzat-Mandich ◽  
Fernanda Díaz-Castrillón ◽  
Paula Lizana Calderón ◽  
Marcela Aravena Winkler ◽  
Constance Haemmerli Delucchi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
Body Self

Introducción: La obesidad es un problema crónico y  en aumento. Su  estudio requiere comprender múltiples variables asociadas.   La imagen corporal tiene un papel importante en esta condición de salud. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar la percepción de imagen corporal  de jóvenes normopeso y sobrepeso/obesidad. Material y métodos: Se comparó a 376 jóvenes de ambos sexos, de una muestra no clínica, de entre 18 y 25 años de edad, clasificados por su Índice de Masa Corporal en dos grupos: Grupo Normopeso y Grupo sobrepeso u obesidad. Para evaluar imagen corporal, los participantes respondieron el Multidimensional Body Self  Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), y el Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-3). Resultados: Los participantes con sobrepeso/obesidad están menos satisfechos con su apariencia y con su cuerpo cuando éste es evaluado por partes, evalúan peor su estado físico y/o sus capacidades físicas, presentan menos conductas orientadas a mantener o mejorar su forma física, perciben un peor diagnóstico de su salud y tienen menor satisfacción corporal.  Están más preocupados por su peso,  se autoclasifican más por su peso y presenta una mayor obsesión por la delgadez. Junto con lo anterior, se observaron diferencias significativas por sexo en escalas de las pruebas aplicadas. Discusión: A pesar de la mala evaluación que los estudiantes con sobrepeso/obesidad realizan en relación a su cuerpo no están dispuestos a realizar actividades concretas que les permitan cambiar su estado. Es necesario seguir investigando con el fin de desarrollar programas preventivos, y de tratamiento más efectivos.

scholarly journals Cut-off points for anthropometric indices of adiposity: differential classification in a large population of young women

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Duggleby ◽  
Alan A. Jackson ◽  
Keith M. Godfrey ◽  
Siân M. Robinson ◽  
Hazel M. Inskip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Fat Mass Index

Anthropometric indices of adiposity include BMI, waist circumference and waist:height ratio. In the recruitment phase of a prospective cohort study carried out between 1998 and 2002 we studied a population sample of 11 786 white Caucasian non-pregnant women in Southampton, UK aged 20–34 years, and explored the extent to which proposed cut-off points for the three indices identified the same or different women and how these indices related to adiposity. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured and fat mass was estimated from skinfold thicknesses; fat mass index was calculated as fat mass/height1·65. Of the subjects, 4869 (42 %) women were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and 1849 (16 %) were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). A total of 890 (8 %) subjects were not overweight but had a waist circumference ≥ 80 cm and 748 (6 %) subjects were overweight but had a waist circumference < 80 cm (6 %). Of the women, 50 % had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 or a waist circumference ≥ 80 cm or a waist:height ratio ≥ 0·5. Of the variation in fat mass index, 85 % was explained by BMI, 76 % by waist circumference and 75 % by waist:height ratio. Our findings demonstrate that many women are differentially classified depending on which index of adiposity is used. As each index captures different aspects of size in terms of adiposity, there is the need to determine how the three indices relate to function and how they can be of use in defining risk of ill health in women.

scholarly journals AWl's Youth Leadership Development and Faculty Exchange Program

1970 ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Rima Zankoul
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Youth Leadership ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Youth Leadership Development ◽  
Faculty Exchange ◽  
Different Cultures

When I first learned that I was chosen to participate in The Asian Women's Institute (AWI), Youth Leadership Development and Faculty exchange, I was filled with excitement andapprehension all at the same time. I was to travel with other young women from different cultures to visit countries which were new to each one of the participants.

scholarly journals Influence of Stress and Anxiety on Sports Injuries in Athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjan Pal ◽  
Sheetal kalra ◽  
Supriya Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Athletic Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Psychological Risk

An athlete does not only require to be fit physically but also requires to be fit psychologically for their successful performance in sports activities. Hence, it is essential to understand the psychological risk factors which contribute to sport injuries in athletes. For this review, literature search in the international databases of PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar was done by using following keywords: ‘sports injury’, ‘stress’, ‘anxiety’, ‘athletic injury’, ‘psychology’, ‘predictors’ and ‘athletes’. The studies published from 1992 to March 2020 and in the English language were included in this review. Of 120 articles obtained by the end of this search process, 18 full text articles were finally selected. Most of the study designs were cross-sectional studies or surveys, cohort studies and descriptive studies. The results indicated that stress and anxiety are two notable psychological variables which are associated with predicting injury in different sports and found to be significant with the incidence of sports injuries among athletes of different sports. It was found that stress and anxiety can influence the risk of injuries, injury frequency, and injury severity in athletes.

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