COVID-19 Infection-Related Weight Loss Decreases Eating/Swallowing Function in Schizophrenic Patients

Background: In older people with psychoneurological diseases, COVID-19 infection may be associated with a risk of developing or exacerbating dysphagia. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between eating/swallowing function and COVID-19 infection. Methods: Subjects were 44 inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 infection being treated for schizophrenia in a psychiatric ward. Eating function was assessed using the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) before and after infection. We also evaluated age, comorbidities, COVID-19 hospital stay, obesity index, weight loss rate, and chlorpromazine equivalent. Results: Subjects had a mean age of 68.86 years. Pre-infection, 20 subjects had a FILS score of 7–9 (presence of eating/swallowing disorder) and 24 subjects had a score of 10 (normal). Eating function after infection resolution showed decreasing FILS score compared to that before infection in 14 subjects (74.14 years). Six subjects (79.3 years) transitioned from oral feeding to parenteral feeding. A ≥ 10% weight loss during infection treatment was significantly associated with decreased eating function and a transition to parenteral feeding. Chlorpromazine equivalents, comorbidities, and number of days of hospitalization showed no associations with decreased eating function. Conclusions: Preventing malnutrition during treatment for COVID-19 infection is important for improving post-infection life prognosis and maintaining quality of life (QOL).

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Training families to better manage schizophrenics’ behaviour

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2000.6.1.118 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 118-127

Author(s):

G. A. Assadollahi ◽

G. R. Ghassemi ◽

T. Mehrabi

Keyword(s):

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Index Patient ◽

Training Programme ◽

Psychiatric Ward ◽

Management Skills ◽

Supportive Role ◽

Before And After ◽

Primary Caretakers ◽

Schizophrenic Patients

The influential role of family in the outcome of chronic schizophrenia is well documented. Because families have become the primary caretakers, this study was designed to train parents of chronic schizophrenics to better manage their offspring. The sample comprised 40 parents whose offspring were admitted to a psychiatric ward from April to June 1996. A self-developed index [Patient Management Skills] was used to measure changes in the parents’ expertise in handling their children before and after a 1-month training programme. After training, more parents had the necessary skills to manage the verbal and non-verbal behaviours of their children. Our results bear out the importance of the family’s supportive role in producing a better outcome for schizophrenic patients

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Swallowing Function before and after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Pharyngeal Cancer

Nihon Kikan Shokudoka Gakkai Kaiho ◽

10.2468/jbes.61.291 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 291-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Asanori Kiyuna ◽

Masahiro Hasegawa ◽

Asano Higa ◽

Akihiko Shinhama ◽

Mikio Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Pharyngeal Cancer ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Before And After

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The Effect of Moderate Weight Loss on Overnight Melatonin Secretion

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.156.6.875 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 156 (6) ◽

pp. 875-877 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

I. M. Anderson ◽

S. E. Gartside ◽

P. J. Cowen

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Melatonin Level ◽

Melatonin Secretion ◽

Plasma Melatonin ◽

Healthy Women ◽

Before And After

Overnight plasma melatonin level was measured in ten healthy women before and after a 4300 kJ (1000 kcaI) diet in which they lost an average 3.1 kg. This weight loss did not significantly alter melatonin levels.

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Fecal Metaproteomics Reveals Reduced Gut Inflammation and Changed Microbial Metabolism Following Lifestyle-Induced Weight Loss

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11050726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 726

Author(s):

Ronald Biemann ◽

Enrico Buß ◽

Dirk Benndorf ◽

Theresa Lehmann ◽

Kay Schallert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Low Grade ◽

Gut Inflammation ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Microbiome Composition ◽

Before And After ◽

Human Proteins

Gut microbiota-mediated inflammation promotes obesity-associated low-grade inflammation, which represents a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. To investigate if lifestyle-induced weight loss (WL) may modulate the gut microbiome composition and its interaction with the host on a functional level, we analyzed the fecal metaproteome of 33 individuals with metabolic syndrome in a longitudinal study before and after lifestyle-induced WL in a well-defined cohort. The 6-month WL intervention resulted in reduced BMI (−13.7%), improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, −46.1%), and reduced levels of circulating hsCRP (−39.9%), indicating metabolic syndrome reversal. The metaprotein spectra revealed a decrease of human proteins associated with gut inflammation. Taxonomic analysis revealed only minor changes in the bacterial composition with an increase of the families Desulfovibrionaceae, Leptospiraceae, Syntrophomonadaceae, Thermotogaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae. Yet we detected an increased abundance of microbial metaprotein spectra that suggest an enhanced hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates. Hence, lifestyle-induced WL was associated with reduced gut inflammation and functional changes of human and microbial enzymes for carbohydrate hydrolysis while the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome remained almost stable. The metaproteomics workflow has proven to be a suitable method for monitoring inflammatory changes in the fecal metaproteome.

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A proteomic analysis of serum from dogs before and after a controlled weight-loss program

Domestic Animal Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.domaniend.2012.04.004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 271-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Tvarijonaviciute ◽

A.M. Gutiérrez ◽

I. Miller ◽

E. Razzazi-Fazeli ◽

F. Tecles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Proteomic Analysis ◽

Weight Loss Program ◽

Before And After

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Uric acid is associated with adiposity factors, especially with fat mass reduction during weight loss in obese children and adolescents

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-020-00500-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yang Niu ◽

Xue-lin Zhao ◽

Hui-juan Ruan ◽

Xiao-meng Mao ◽

Qing-ya Tang

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Composition ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Dietary Control ◽

Obese Children ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Before And After

Abstract Background Current adult studies suggest that uric acid (UA) is associated with body fat, but the relationship in obese children is unclear. Thus, we aim to evaluate the association between uric acid and body composition of obese children. Methods A total of 79 obese children were included in this study, and 52 children (34 boys and 18 girls) underwent a 6-week weight loss camp, including 34 boys and 18 girls. Six-week weight-loss interventions were performed on all participants through aerobic exercise and appropriate dietary control. Laboratory tests and body composition were collected before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, correlation analysis demonstrated that uric acid was positively correlated with height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, fat mass (FM), and free fat mass (FFM) with adjusting for age and gender (P < 0.05). After 6 weeks of intervention, the participants gained 3.12 ± 0.85 cm in height, body fat percentage decreased by 7.23 ± 1.97%, and lost 10.30 ± 2.83 kg in weight. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that uric acid at baseline was associated with FM reduction during weight loss (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study is the first report that uric acid is associated with BMI and FM, and may play an important role in the reduction of FM during weight loss in obese children and adolescents. The interaction between UA and adiposity factors and its underlying mechanisms need to be further explored. Trial registration This study was registered in Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03490448) and approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.

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Influences of the selected additives on the weight loss and organoleptic properties of marinated mussels and squids

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201281030263 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 263-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Metin Guldas ◽

Canan Hecer

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Salt Content ◽

Meat Products ◽

Organoleptic Properties ◽

Highest Weight ◽

Konjac Flour ◽

Weight Gains ◽

Before And After ◽

Mouth Feel ◽

First Time

Effects of seven different solutions prepared from various additives (carrageenan, konjac flour, phosphate, yeast extract, xanthan gum and maltodextrin) were used to test for the first time in the marination of experimental seafood. The additives were added into the marination solutions and the samples were analyzed before and after marination. Statistically, the experimental solutions did not cause significant changes in pH, acidity and salt content of the samples (P < 0.05). The highest weight gains were obtained from the solution which contained 0.1% of konjac flour (E425 I) as 4.01, 5.21, 4.61 and 4.88 % in the mussels, big squids, diced squids and small squids, respectively. However, this solution was not preferred by the panellists because of its sticky texture. Inversely to red meat products, the solution containing phosphate caused weight loss during marination. The results indicate that the solution containing 0.2% carrageenan LM (low methoxyl) was the best solution in the marination process. Dipping into this solution caused weight gains of 4.69, 2.98, 4.04 and 2.78% in the big squids, the mussels, the small squids and the diced squids, respectively (P < 0.01). The organoleptic properties (mouth feel, flavour and softness) of mussels and squids were also improved by carrageenan LM addition.

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Dysphagia in Perry Syndrome: Pharyngeal Pressure in Two Cases

Case Reports in Neurology ◽

10.1159/000457900 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 161-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Umemoto ◽

Yoshio Tsuboi ◽

Hirokazu Furuya ◽

Takayasu Mishima ◽

Shinsuke Fujioka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tube Feeding ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

Tongue Pressure ◽

Normal Range ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Pharyngeal Pressure ◽

Swallowing Dysfunction ◽

The Impact

Background: To investigate the impact of dysphagia in Perry syndrome (PS), an autosomal dominant parkinsonism caused by mutation of DCTN1, which is associated with hypoventilation, depression, and weight loss. Case Presentation: We used tongue pressure measurements and manofluorography to investigate swallowing function in 2 patients with PS. Case 1, a 60-year-old male showing parkinsonism, and case 2, a 49-year-old male admitted with pneumonia, were diagnosed as having PS based on the DCTN1 gene analysis. Case 1 showed a pharyngeal retention of the bolus on videofluorography (VF) and a few swallows were required for its passage into the esophagus. However, tongue pressure and manometry were within the normal range. This patient could eat a normal diet under supervision. Case 2 required artificial ventilation and tube feeding on admission. The VF image showed a slow transfer of the bolus, delayed swallow reflex, and pharyngeal retention of the bolus that required several swallows for its passage into the esophagus. The tongue pressure was within the normal range, but manometry showed a significant decrease in pressure at the hypopharynx and upper esophageal sphincter. The oral intake of the patients was limited to 2 cups of jelly per day. Conclusions: The investigation of swallowing dysfunction of 2 cases of PS showed that maintaining pharyngeal pressure within the normal range was very important for oral feeding success and prognosis.

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