Investigating the Relationship between Vitamin D and Persistent Symptoms Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The emergence of persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as long COVID, is providing a new challenge to healthcare systems. The cardinal features are fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance. Vitamin D is known to have pleotropic effects far beyond bone health and is associated with immune modulation and autoimmunity. We hypothesize that vitamin D levels are associated with persistent symptoms following COVID-19. Herein, we investigate the relationship between vitamin D and fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance, assessed by the Chalder Fatigue Score, six-minute walk test and modified Borg scale. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationships. A total of 149 patients were recruited at a median of 79 days after COVID-19 illness. The median vitamin D level was 62 nmol/L, with n = 36 (24%) having levels 30–49 nmol/L and n = 14 (9%) with levels <30 nmol/L. Fatigue was common, with n = 86 (58%) meeting the case definition. The median Borg score was 3, while the median distance covered for the walk test was 450 m. No relationship between vitamin D and the measures of ongoing ill-health assessed in the study was found following multivariable regression analysis. These results suggest that persistent fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance following COVID-19 are independent of vitamin D.

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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in antenatal women

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20192421 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 2302

Author(s):

Anu Bala Chandel ◽

Rita Mittal ◽

Anoop Sharma ◽

Shivika Mittal ◽

Poonam Samyal

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Lung Development ◽

Immune Modulation ◽

Preterm Labour ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Sufficient Vitamin ◽

The Relationship

Background: Vitamin D has an increasingly recognised repertoire of non-classical actions, such as promoting insulin action and secretion, immune modulation and lung development. It therefore has the potential to influence many factors in the developing fetus. Several studies reported the relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes including gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm labour, low birth weight and increased rate of caesarean section. The present study was undertaken to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in antenatal women of Shimla, India.Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kamla Nehru Hospital, Shimla, India over a period of 12 months. Six hundred women were included in the study.Results: Out of 600 subjects, 568 (94.67%) subjects had vitamin D deficiency and only 32 (5.33%) subjects had sufficient vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency was more common in the vegetarians, dark skinned subjects and in those who were taking vitamin D supplements.Conclusions: It is concluded from this study that there is high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in antenatal women of Shimla, India.

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The relationship between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and COVID-19 onset and disease course in Spanish patients

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105928 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105928

Author(s):

Manuel Diaz-Curiel ◽

Alfonso Cabello ◽

Rosa Arboiro-Pinel ◽

Luis Mansur ◽

Sarah Heili-Frades ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Disease Course ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Oh Vitamin D ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Vitamin D Levels in Adults of Different Ethnicities: Findings from the West China Health and Aging Trend Study

The journal of nutrition health & aging ◽

10.1007/s12603-021-1645-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Luo ◽

X. Chen ◽

L. Hou ◽

J. Yue ◽

X. Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

The West ◽

West China ◽

Trend Study ◽

Aging Trend ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship between serum vitamin D levels and sleep quality in fixed day indoor field workers in the electronics manufacturing industry in Korea

Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1186/s40557-017-0187-7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Young Saeng Jung ◽

Chang Ho Chae ◽

Young Ouk Kim ◽

Jun Seok Son ◽

Chan Woo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Electronics Manufacturing ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Field Workers ◽

The Relationship

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Relationship Between Level of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Iranian Population

Dermatology Practical & Conceptual ◽

10.5826/dpc.0904a06 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 278-282

Author(s):

Mahboobeh-Sadat Hosseini ◽

Fereshteh Salarvand ◽

Amir Houshang Ehsani ◽

Pedram Noormohammadpour ◽

Shadi Azizzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Outdoor Environment ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

History Of ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Relationship

Background: The relationship between vitamin D and skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is not well defined. Objective: To investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of skin SCC for the first time in Iran. Methods and Study Design: In this case-control study, 126 subjects were enrolled (63 in each group) out of referents to Razi Skin Hospital in Tehran in 2014. The risk factors for cancer gathered by self-reported questionnaires and blood samples were obtained to measure the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Multivariate logistic regression was used to neutralize the effect of confounding factors. Results: Cases of SCC were more likely to be in men, older than 49 years and working in an outdoor environment, and with longtime exposure to sunlight and a personal history of skin cancers. Family history of skin cancer and of cigarette smoking were not significantly related to SCC. In the SCC and control groups, 69.8% and 31.7%, respectively, had sufficient levels of vitamin D (P < 0.001). Mean level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 40.99 ng/mL in the SCC group and 26.34 ng/mL in the control group (P < 0.05). In the unadjusted model, the level of vitamin D as a continuous variable was positively related to SCC risk. In the adjusted model, vitamin D did not independently predict the likelihood of SCC. Conclusion: Vitamin D level and SCC risk are directly related, although not in an independent fashion. Indeed, this relation is severely confounded by exposure to sunlight, which was evidenced by an increased vitamin D level in the people working outside and the higher prevalence of SCC in the same population.

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Causal analysis shows evidence of atopic dermatitis leading to an increase in vitamin D levels

10.1101/2020.04.22.20075077 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel R Drodge ◽

Ashley Budu-Aggrey ◽

Lavinia Paternoster

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Reverse Direction ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Standard Deviations ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gwa Studies

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) patients have been observed to have lower vitamin D levels. Previous studies have found little evidence that vitamin D levels causally influence the risk of AD, but the reverse direction has not yet been investigated.Here we used Mendelian Randomization to assess the causal relationship between AD and serum vitamin D levels, using genetic data from the most recent GWA studies of vitamin D and AD.There was little evidence for vitamin D levels causally influencing AD risk (odds per standard deviations increase in log-transformed vitamin D levels =1.233, 95% CI 0.927 to 1.639, P-value =0.150). However, genetic liability for AD raises serum vitamin D levels by 0.043 (95% CI 0.017 to 0.069) standard deviations per doubling of odds of disease (P-value =0.001). The AD-associated filaggrin (FLG) mutation R501X appears to show a particularly strong relationship with vitamin D. However, the relationship between AD and vitamin D holds when R501X is omitted (0.018, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.031, P-value =0.008).We found evidence that AD is causally associated with an increase in serum vitamin D levels. Whilst the AD-associated FLG gene has a particularly strong relationship with vitamin D, other AD SNPs show a consistent direction of effect, suggesting that AD more generally influences serum vitamin D levels.

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Polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism related genes and risk of multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458509355069 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 133-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

K. Claire Simon ◽

Kassandra L Munger ◽

Xing Yang ◽

Alberto Ascherio

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Vitamin D Metabolism ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Gene Environment ◽

Vitamin D Levels

The extent to which potential genetic determinants of vitamin D levels may be related to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk has not been thoroughly explored. The objective of this study was to determine whether polymorphisms in VDR, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, CYP2R1 and DBP are associated with the risk of MS and whether these variants may modify associations between environmental or dietary vitamin D on MS risk. A nested case-control study was conducted in two, large cohorts of US nurses, including 214 MS cases and 428 age-matched controls. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to assess the significance of gene—environment interactions. No associations were observed for any of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VDR, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, CYP2R1 or DBP (p > 0.05 for all). The authors did observe an interaction (p = 0.04) between dietary intake of vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism on MS risk. The protective effect of increasing vitamin D was evident only in individuals with the ‘ff ’ genotype (RR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.78; p = 0.02 for 400 IU/day increase). It was concluded that this does not support a role for the selected SNPs involved in vitamin D metabolism in the etiology of MS. The finding of a marginally significant gene—environment interaction requires replication in larger datasets, but suggests future genetic studies may benefit from considering relevant environmental context.

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