scholarly journals Association of Hours of Paid Work with Dietary Intake and Quality in Japanese Married Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3005
Author(s):  
Fumi Oono ◽  
Nozomi Matsuura ◽  
Aki Saito ◽  
Aya Fujiwara ◽  
Osamu Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet History Questionnaire

This study investigated the association of hours of paid work with dietary intake and diet quality among Japanese married women. This cross-sectional study was a secondary analysis of a nationwide population survey in 2013. The analytic sample included 644 married women aged 20–59 years. The participants were categorized into five groups according to hours of paid work per week: 0 (housewives), 1–14, 15–34, 35–42, and ≥43 h. Dietary intake was assessed by a self-administered diet history questionnaire. The Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3) was used to measure the dietary quality. The association of hours of paid work with dietary intake and NRF9.3 score was assessed using a multivariable general linear regression analysis with adjustments for confounders. Hours of paid work were associated with a higher intake of rice and lower intake of vegetables, potatoes, soy products, and seaweeds and nutrients including protein, dietary fiber, and most vitamins and minerals. Hours of paid work were negatively associated with the NRF9.3 score. This study showed that Japanese married women engaging in paid work, especially those who work long hours, have less healthy diets. Efforts to improve the dietary intake of married women with paid work might be needed.

scholarly journals Association between Parents’ Perceptions of Preschool Children’s Weight, Feeding Practices and Children’s Dietary Patterns: A Cross-Sectional Study in China

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3767
Author(s):  
Caihong Xiang ◽  
Youjie Zhang ◽  
Cuiting Yong ◽  
Yue Xi ◽  
Jiaqi Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Weight Perceptions

Parental perception of children’s weight may influence parents’ feeding practices, and in turn, child dietary intake and weight status; however, there is limited evidence generated for preschoolers. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate associations between Chinese parents’ perceptions of child weight, feeding practices and preschoolers’ dietary patterns. Participants (1616 parent-child pairs) were recruited from six kindergartens in Hunan, China. Parents’ misperception, concern, and dissatisfaction on child weight were collected through a self-administered caregiver questionnaire. Parental feeding practices and children’s dietary intake were, respectively, assessed using the Child Feeding Questionnaire and a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Linear regression models were applied to analyze associations between parental weight perceptions, feeding practices, and preschooler’s dietary patterns. Associations between parents’ weight perceptions and dietary patterns were significant only among underweight children. Regardless of child weight status, parental weight underestimation and preference for a heavier child were positively associated with pressure-to-eat. Parental weight concern was positively associated with restriction in normal weight child, but this was not found in other weight groups. In conclusion, Parents’ misperception, concern, and dissatisfaction about child weight are associated with parents’ feeding practices and may influence preschoolers’ dietary quality, but the relationships vary by children’s actual weight status.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Judit Companys ◽  
Maria José Gosalbes ◽  
Laura Pla-Pagà ◽  
Lorena Calderón-Pérez ◽  
Elisabet Llauradó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Obese Subjects

We aimed to differentiate gut microbiota composition of overweight/obese and lean subjects and to determine its association with clinical variables and dietary intake. A cross-sectional study was performed with 96 overweight/obese subjects and 32 lean subjects. Anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens, Dorea formicigenerans and Dorea longicatena, which had higher abundance the overweight/obese subjects. Moreover, different genera of Lachnospiraceae were negatively associated with body fat, LDL and total cholesterol. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were negatively associated with the genus Intestinimonas, a biomarker of the overweight/obese group, whereas SFAs were positively associated with Roseburia, a biomarker for the lean group. In conclusion, Dorea formicigenerans, Dorea longicatena and Collinsella aerofaciens could be considered obesity biomarkers, Lachnospiraceae is associated with lipid cardiovascular risk factors. SFAs exhibited opposite association profiles with butyrate-producing bacteria depending on the BMI. Thus, the relationship between diet and microbiota opens new tools for the management of obesity.

scholarly journals Attitudes of pharmacy students towards patient safety: a cross-sectional study from six developing countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e039459
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y Naser ◽  
Zahra Khalil Alsairafi ◽  
Ahmed Awaisu ◽  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Oriana Awwad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo evaluate the attitudes of undergraduate pharmacy students towards patient safety in six developing countries.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingParticipants were enrolled from the participating universities in six countries.ParticipantsUndergraduate pharmacy students from the participating universities in six developing countries (Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, India and Indonesia) were invited to participate in the study between October 2018 and September 2019.Primary outcomeAttitudes towards patient safety was measured using 14-item questionnaire that contained five subscales: being quality-improvement focused, internalising errors regardless of harm, value of contextual learning, acceptability of questioning more senior healthcare professionals’ behaviour and attitude towards open disclosure. Multiple-linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of positive attitudes towards patient safety.ResultsA total of 2595 students participated in this study (1044 from Jordan, 514 from Saudi Arabia, 134 from Kuwait, 61 from Qatar, 416 from India and 429 from Indonesia). Overall, the pharmacy students reported a positive attitude towards patient safety with a mean score of 37.4 (SD=7.0) out of 56 (66.8%). The ‘being quality-improvement focused’ subscale had the highest score, 75.6%. The subscale with the lowest score was ‘internalising errors regardless of harm’, 49.2%. Female students had significantly better attitudes towards patient safety scores compared with male students (p=0.001). Being at a higher level of study and involvement in or witnessing harm to patients while practising were important predictors of negative attitudes towards patient safety (p<0.001).ConclusionPatient safety content should be covered comprehensively in pharmacy curricula and reinforced in each year of study. This should be more focused on students in their final year of study and who have started their training. This will ensure that the next generation of pharmacists are equipped with the requisite knowledge, core competencies and attitudes to ensure optimal patient safety when they practice.

scholarly journals The relationship between the atherogenic index of plasma and arterial stiffness in essential hypertensive patients from China: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Yin ◽  
Minghui Li ◽  
Lingling Yu ◽  
Feng Hu ◽  
Yu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Atherogenic Index Of Plasma

Abstract Background The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) always remains in a potential association with arterial stiffness, however, this association has not been fully discovered and needs to be studied in depth in large hypertensive patient populations. The present analysis thus sought to further explore the association that exists between AIP and arterial stiffness in Chinese patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed 4744 Chinese individuals with essential hypertension. AIP was defined as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of plasma of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels indicated in molar concentrations. Measurement of arterial stiffness was carried out via brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results Data were adjusted for potential confounding variables, and multivariate linear regression analysis revealed AIP to be positively correlated with baPWV (β = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.72, P < 0.001). When AIP was instead treated as a categorical variable divided into quartiles, the same relationship was observed (P for trend < 0.001). We additionally found AIP and baPWV had a stronger positive association in individuals with a body mass index (BMI) < 24 kg/m2 (P for interaction < 0.05). Conclusion AIP and arterial stiffness were positively correlated in essential hypertension patients in China, especially in those with a BMI < 24 kg/m2. Clinical trial registration ChiCTR1800017274.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Restrained Eating, Body Image, and Dietary Intake among University Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 990
Author(s):  
Cuiting Yong ◽  
Hanmei Liu ◽  
Qiping Yang ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
Yufeng Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Restrained Eating ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese College Students

This study aims to explore the association between restrained eating, body image, and dietary intake among Chinese college students. This cross-sectional study included 1301 college students at two universities in Hunan Province. Electronic questionnaires were used to collect information including students’ demographic characteristics, restrained eating, perception of body weight, body satisfaction, and dietary intake. Anthropometric measurements were collected to calculate body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of high restrained eating was 52.8%. Students who were dissatisfied with their bodies or overestimated their body weight showed a higher tendency toward high restrained eating (p < 0.05). Students with high restrained eating tended to eat fruits and eggs more frequently, while the frequency of eating domestic animals and poultry, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fast food were the opposite. Moreover, high restrained eating was a risk factor for low dietary diversity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.384, 95% confidence interval: 1.002~1.912). The high incidence of restrained eating among Chinese college students and its energy-restricted diets that may lead to possible health implications require attention. Further studies are needed to investigate the characteristics of college students’ restrained eating to tailor appropriate interventions for forming positive body images and promoting healthy eating behaviors, thus, improving dietary quality.

scholarly journals INADEQUATE PRACTICE RELATED OF THE PAPANICOLAOU TEST AMONG WOMEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elainy Fabrícia Galdino Dantas Malta ◽  
Fabiane do Amaral Gubert ◽  
Camila Teixeira Moreira Vasconcelos ◽  
Emília Soares Chaves ◽  
João Marcos Ferreira de Lima Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the factors related to inadequate practice of the Papanicolaou test among women in northeastern Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study using a KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE inquiry, performed from June to October, 2013, with 240 women aged between 24 and 59 years. Results: inadequacies were observed, particularly in knowledge, because, despite having information about the examination, it was only used to detect sexually transmitted infections. Regarding the issue of practice, it was noted that single women and those up to 29 years of age were more likely to present inadequate practice than the older and married women, increasing the likelihood of developing cervical cancer. The greater difficulty for performing the examination was the lack of materials (68.1%). Conclusion: clarification for women regarding the examination requires effective communication between the users and health professionals, as well as guarantees and support for the continuity of care by managers.

scholarly journals Sources of psychological distress among primary care physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic’s first wave in Spain: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cebrián-Cuenca ◽  
José Joaquín Mira ◽  
Elena Caride-Miana ◽  
Antonio Fernández-Jiménez ◽  
Domingo Orozco-Beltrán
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people worldwide. In Spain, the first wave was especially severe. Objectives: This study aimed to identify sources and levels of distress among Spanish primary care physicians (PCPs) during the first wave of the pandemic (April 2020). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a survey that included sociodemographic data, a description of working conditions related to distress [such as gaps in training in protective measures, cleaning, and hygiene procedures in work setting, unavailability of personal protective equipments (PPEs) and COVID-19 RT-PCR test, and lack of staff due to be infected] and a validated scale, the ‘Self-applied Acute Stress Scale’ (EASE). The survey was answered by a non-probability sampling of PCPs working in family healthcare centres from different regions of Spain. Analysis of variance and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed. Results: In all, out of 518 PCP participants, 123 (23.7%) obtained high psychological distress scores. Only half of them had received information about the appropriate use of PPE. PCP characteristics associated with higher levels of distress include female gender [1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54, 2.84]; lack of training in protective measures (1.96; 95% CI 0.94, 2.99); unavailable COVID-19 RT-PCR for health care workers after quarantine or COVID-19 treatment (−0.77 (−1.52, −0.02). Reinforcing disinfection of the work environment (P < 0.05), availability of PPEs (P < 0.05), and no healthcare professional was infected (P < 0.05) were related to the lowest distress score. Conclusions: A better understanding of the sources of distress among PCPs could prevent its effect on future outbreaks.

scholarly journals Association of adverse childhood experiences with functional identity and impulsivity among adults: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haaris Sheikh ◽  
Sadiq Naveed ◽  
Ahmed Waqas ◽  
Ihtisham Tahir Jaura
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Identity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Scale Functions ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Introduction: The present study explores the association of adverse childhood experiences with impulsivity and functional identity among Pakistani adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 260 Pakistani medical students aged 18 and above were approached. A consent form, a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, and an English versions of the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) scale, Functions of Identity scale (FIS) and Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was employed in this study. All data were analyzed in SPSS v. 20. Results: A total of 122 (52.6%) of respondents had experienced at least one adverse childhood experience. According to linear regression analysis, ACE scores were significantly associated with increasing age, increasing order in birth, lower scores on functional identity structure and non-planning impulsivity, and higher scores on future (functional identity) and motor impulsivity. Conclusions: A high proportion of Pakistani medical students reported adverse childhood experiences, which lead to impulsive behaviors and poor functional identities.

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