scholarly journals Seasonal Consumption of Cherries from Different Origins Affects Metabolic Markers and Gene Expression of Lipogenic Enzymes in Rat Liver: A Preliminary Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3643
Author(s):  
Ma. Josefina Ruiz de Azua ◽  
Álvaro Cruz-Carrión ◽  
Begoña Muguerza ◽  
Anna Arola-Arnal ◽  
Manuel Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Different Origins

The phytochemical composition of fruits, especially polyphenols, depends on the environmental conditions under which these fruits are cultivated and the agronomic practices followed. Therefore, the consumption of fruits from different origins, with different polyphenol signatures, could have differential effects on health. In addition, recent studies have shown that variation in the biological rhythms due to changes in the photoperiod in the different seasons differentially affect the metabolism in animal models, thus conditioning their response to food consumption. Considering all, this article evaluates the effects of consumption of sweet cherry from different sources, local (LC) and non-local (nLC), on plasma metabolic parameters and the gene expression of key enzymes of lipid metabolism in Fischer 344 rats under photoperiods simulating different seasons. Animals were classified into three photoperiods (L6, L12 and L18) and three treatments (LC, nLC and VH). Both the photoperiod and the treatments significantly affected the evaluated parameters. An effect of the photoperiod on triacylglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids and the mRNA concentration of crucial enzymes from the hepatic lipid metabolism was observed. Furthermore, the consumption of fruit in L12 lowered blood glucose, while the different treatments affected the hepatic expression of genes related with lipidic enzymes.

scholarly journals Lipid Stores and Lipid Metabolism Associated Gene Expression in Porcine and Bovine Parthenogenetic Embryos Revealed by Fluorescent Staining and RNA-seq

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6488
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Kajdasz ◽  
Ewelina Warzych ◽  
Natalia Derebecka ◽  
Zofia E. Madeja ◽  
Dorota Lechniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Bovine Blastocyst

Compared to other mammalian species, porcine oocytes and embryos are characterized by large amounts of lipids stored mainly in the form of droplets in the cytoplasm. The amount and the morphology of lipid droplets (LD) change throughout the preimplantation development, however, relatively little is known about expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism of early embryos. We compared porcine and bovine blastocyst stage embryos as well as dissected inner cell mass (ICM) and trophoblast (TE) cell populations with regard to lipid droplet storage and expression of genes functionally annotated to selected lipid gene ontology terms using RNA-seq. Comparing the number and the volume occupied by LD between bovine and porcine blastocysts, we have found significant differences both at the level of single embryo and a single blastomere. Aside from different lipid content, we found that embryos regulate the lipid metabolism differentially at the gene expression level. Out of 125 genes, we found 73 to be differentially expressed between entire porcine and bovine blastocyst, and 36 and 51 to be divergent between ICM and TE cell lines. We noticed significant involvement of cholesterol and ganglioside metabolism in preimplantation embryos, as well as a possible shift towards glucose, rather than pyruvate dependence in bovine embryos. A number of genes like DGAT1, CD36 or NR1H3 may serve as lipid associated markers indicating distinct regulatory mechanisms, while upregulated PLIN2, APOA1, SOAT1 indicate significant function during blastocyst formation and cell differentiation in both models.

scholarly journals 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) Perturbs Yolk Absorption, Liver Development and Lipid Metabolism/Oxygen Transport Gene Expression in Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3632
Author(s):  
Jianglin Xiong ◽  
Hang Sha ◽  
Hualin Zhou ◽  
Lijuan Peng ◽  
Lingying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Liver Development ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Yolk Absorption ◽  
Carcinogenic Compound

2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is a common environmental pollutant, and was classified as a group 2B human carcinogenic compound by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This study determined the toxic effects of 2,4-DNT exposure on zebrafish at the embryo-larvae stage, in terms of organ morphogenesis and the expression pattern of selected target genes related to lipid metabolism and oxygen transportation. The results showed that the 120-h post-fertilization LC50 of 2,4-DNT was 9.59 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval of 8.89–10.44 mg/L. The larvae treated with 2,4-DNT showed toxic symptoms including smaller body, less skin pigment production, yolk malabsorption, and disordered liver development. Further studies on the expression of genes related to lipid transport and metabolism, and respiration indicated that they were significantly affected by 2,4-DNT. It is concluded that 2,4-DNT exposure perturbed liver development and yolk absorption in early-life zebrafish, and disturbed the lipid metabolism /oxygen transport gene expression.

scholarly journals Perinatal caprine milk oligosaccharides consumption alters maternal and offspring liver gene expression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Thum ◽  
Wayne Young ◽  
Nicole C Roy ◽  
Warren C McNabb
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Caprine Milk ◽  
Liver Gene

Abstract Consumption of caprine milk oligosaccharides (CMO) by dams during gestation and lactation, compared to a control diet or a diet supplemented with galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), was associated with decreased maternal liver weight, increased offspring body weight and length at weaning, and increased offspring visceral fat and serum leptin concentration 30 days after weaning. These changes suggest that dietary CMO alters lipid metabolism, both in dams and offspring. We hypothesized that perinatal CMO intake affected expression of maternal genes in the liver involved in energy metabolism, and programmed pups’ metabolic function leading to increased post-weaning visceral adiposity. To characterise the effects of perinatal consumption of CMOs on maternal and offspring liver gene expression, C57BL/6 mice were fed either a control, CMO, or GOS diet from mating to weaning. From weaning, half of the pups from each maternal group were fed the control diet for 30 days. Microarray analysis was conducted on liver samples from dams and offspring. Differences in the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism were observed in dams and changes in expression of hepatic genes involved in energy balance and steroid metabolism were observed in pups at weaning. Increased visceral fat was observed in pups 30 days. Perinatal consumption of CMO diet affected infant lipid metabolism, which may be related to altered expression of genes in the liver involved in energy balance and lipid metabolism in dams.

scholarly journals Gender and age effects on the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in broiler’s liver

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
A. de Souza Khatlab ◽  
A.P. Del Vesco ◽  
E. Gasparino ◽  
A.R. de Oliveira Neto
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Gender And Age

Two experiments were conducted to assess gender (Experiment 1) and age (Experiment 2) effects on the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. The expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), apolipoprotein A-I (APOA-I), apolipoprotein B (APOB), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), and AMP-activated protein kinase α-1 (AMPKα-1) genes was evaluated by qRT-PCR. In Experiment 1, we observed a gender effect on feed intake, as male broilers presented greater feed intake than females. Female broilers presented greater gene expression of FAS, and lower expression of ADIPOQ and AMPKα-1, than males. A gender effect was not observed for the gene expression of APOA-I, APOB, or LKB1. In Experiment 2, there was a significant age effect on feed intake and weight gain. Broilers 42 days of age presented greater feed intake and weight gain than 21-day-old birds. 21-day-old broilers showed greater expression of APOA-I, ADIPOQ, LKB1, and AMPKα-1, and lower APOB gene expression in the liver than 42-day-old broilers. Age had no effect on FAS gene expression. Our results show that the gender and age could act on the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis, such as FAS and APOB, and also on genes related to lipid oxidation, such as ADIPOQ, LKB1, and AMPK.

scholarly journals Investigating fibrosis and inflammation in an ex vivo NASH murine model

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (2) ◽  
pp. G336-G351
Author(s):  
Emilia Gore ◽  
Emilia Bigaeva ◽  
Anouk Oldenburger ◽  
Yvette J. M. Jansen ◽  
Detlef Schuppan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, characterized by excess fat accumulation (steatosis). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops in 15–20% of NAFLD patients and frequently progresses to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. We aimed to develop an ex vivo model of inflammation and fibrosis in steatotic murine precision-cut liver slices (PCLS). NASH was induced in C57Bl/6 mice on an amylin and choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. PCLS were prepared from steatohepatitic (sPCLS) and control (cPCLS) livers and cultured for 48 h with LPS, TGFβ1, or elafibranor. Additionally, C57Bl/6 mice were placed on CDAA diet for 12 wk to receive elafibranor or vehicle from weeks 7 to 12. Effects were assessed by transcriptome analysis and procollagen Iα1 protein production. The diets induced features of human NASH. Upon culture, all PCLS showed an increased gene expression of fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers but decreased lipid metabolism markers. LPS and TGFβ1 affected sPCLS more pronouncedly than cPCLS. TGFβ1 increased procollagen Iα1 solely in cPCLS. Elafibranor ameliorated fibrosis and inflammation in vivo but not ex vivo, where it only increased the expression of genes modulated by PPARα. sPCLS culture induced inflammation-, fibrosis-, and lipid metabolism-related transcripts, explained by spontaneous activation. sPCLS remained responsive to proinflammatory and profibrotic stimuli on gene expression. We consider that PCLS represent a useful tool to reproducibly study NASH progression. sPCLS can be used to evaluate potential treatments for NASH, as demonstrated in our elafibranor study, and serves as a model to bridge results from rodent studies to the human system. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study showed that nonalcoholic steatohepatitis can be studied ex vivo in precision-cut liver slices obtained from murine diet-induced fatty livers. Liver slices develop a spontaneous inflammatory and fibrogenic response during culture that can be augmented with specific modulators. Additionally, the model can be used to test the efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds (as shown in this investigation with elafibranor) and could be a tool for preclinical assessment of potential therapies.

Steatosis and hepatic expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism in Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohichiroh Yasui ◽  
Yuichi Harano ◽  
Hironori Mitsuyoshi ◽  
Kazuhiro Tsuji ◽  
Mio Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes

scholarly journals Western Versus Heart Healthy Dietary Pattern Alters Genes Expression Associated with Lipid Metabolism, Interferon Signaling and Inflammation in Jejunum of Ossabaw Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 577-577
Author(s):  
Shumao Ye ◽  
Nirupa Matthan ◽  
Stefania Lamon-Fava ◽  
Gloria Solano-Aguilar ◽  
Jerrold Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Interferon Signaling ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Lesion Severity

Abstract Objectives A gastrointestinal tract (GI) that allows for bacterial translocation has been associated with enhanced systemic inflammation and may play a critical role in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Diet quality and statin therapy are established modulators of CAD, but their effect in GI health is relatively unexplored. Jejunal mucosa gene expression was compared in Ossabaw pigs fed a heart healthy-type diet (HHD) and Western-type diet (WD), with and without statin therapy. Methods Pigs (N = 32) were randomized into 4 groups and fed isocalorically for 6 months: WD (high in saturated fat, refined carbohydrate, cholesterol, and low in fiber) or HHD (high in unsaturated fat, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, fiber, supplemented with fish oil, and low in cholesterol), with or without statin therapy. RNA sequencing was conducted in isolated jejunal mucosa at the end of the study. Principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering and xCell analysis were used to cross-check and ensure consistent sampling. Two-factor edgeR analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were used to identify genes, pathways, and biological functions altered by diet and/or statin. Independent of groups, Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to identify associations between genes of interest and atherosclerotic lesion severity in the coronary arteries or cardiometabolic risk factors (serum triglyceride, LDL, HDL, TNF-α, hsCRP). Results HHD and WD resulted in differential expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (SCD, FADS1, SQLE) in the jejunal mucosa. The expression of these genes was associated with atherosclerotic lesion severity and serum lipoprotein concentrations. Higher interferon signaling and inflammation were observed in pigs fed WD versus HHD. In the jejunal mucosa, 7 genes related to inflammation were significantly associated with serum TNF-α and/or hsCRP concentrations. There was no significant effect of statin on gene expression, nor diet x statin interaction. Expression of genes related to jejunum permeability was unaffected by diet or statin. Conclusions Gene expression in the jejunum of Ossabaw pigs was altered by dietary patterns, but not statin, and linked to atherosclerotic lesion severity associated with lipid metabolism and inflammatory markers. Funding Sources USDA-ARS-NEA, JM-USDA-HNRCA, and Tufts University.

scholarly journals Hepatic expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism in rabbits.

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1901-1910
Author(s):  
TJ Rea ◽  
RB DeMattos ◽  
ME Pape
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document