Patterns of Egg Consumption Can Help Contribute to Nutrient Recommendations and Are Associated with Diet Quality and Shortfall Nutrient Intakes

Limited data are available on how eggs are consumed in the typical American eating pattern and the contribution to usual intakes, diet quality and in meeting recommendations. The objectives of the present analysis included identifying how eggs are consumed within U.S. dietary patterns and how these patterns are associated with the usual intakes of shortfall nutrients and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2015) using data from the combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001–2016. An additional objective included assessing the differences between egg consumers and egg non-consumers in nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Several egg-containing dietary patterns were identified, and two egg patterns were associated with a greater diet quality compared to a no egg pattern (p < 0.0001). Most egg patterns identified were similar in diet quality scores when compared to the no egg pattern; however, the two egg patterns had lower diet quality scores. Egg consumption combined with a greater intake of total protein foods, seafood and plant protein, total vegetables, total fruit, whole fruit, whole grains and dairy foods, and a lower intake of refined grains and added sugars contributed to an improved diet quality, supporting that no one food is responsible for a healthy dietary pattern. Egg consumers demonstrated significantly higher intakes of dietary fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, total choline, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E when compared to egg non-consumers. A comparison of egg consumers and egg non-consumers found egg consumers had significantly less percentages of the population below the EAR for calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E. Similarly, the percentage of the population above the recommendations for potassium and choline were greater for egg consumers vs. egg non-consumers. In egg consumers, 24.4% of the population was above the AI for dietary choline when compared to 4.3% of egg non-consumers (p < 0.0001). Findings from the present analysis demonstrate that eggs and egg-containing foods can be an important part of a healthy dietary pattern when balanced accordingly with other nutrient-dense foods.

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Dietary Pattern Score, Diet Quality, and Major Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Meta-analysis of Observational Cohort Studies (OR33-07-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz039.or33-07-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Hsuan Liu ◽

Xiang Gao ◽

Muzi Na ◽

Penny Kris-Etherton ◽

Diane Mitchell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Studies ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

A Priori ◽

A Posteriori ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract Objectives Diet is an important lifestyle factor that may prevent or slow the onset and progression of neurodegeneration. Recent studies suggest that adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline. Few studies have examined the relationships between dietary patterns and risk of clinical neurodegenerative disease outcomes. In this meta-analysis, we examined the associations between overall dietary patterns, assessed a priori and a posteriori, and risk of major neurodegenerative disease including dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Methods We systematically searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health databases starting from 1981 to October 10, 2018. Observational cohort studies published in English with prospective and case-control designs were included. Diet assessment approaches (a priori or a posteriori) were utilized to assist in determining whether the exposure was dietary pattern score or diet quality. Generic inverse variance method was used to calculate the pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) among the highest versus the lowest diet quality/dietary pattern score groups in random effect models. Results Seventeen studies with 173,283 participants were identified. Various diet quality indexes or dietary pattern scores, such as the Healthy Eating Index, the Mediterranean diet score, and dietary pattern scores generated by principal component analysis or reduced rank regression, were used among studies. Our meta-analysis of cohorts showed significant associations between adherence to high diet quality or healthy dietary pattern and lower risk of dementia (pooled risk ratio = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.56-0.86) and Parkinson's disease (pooled risk ratio = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.54-0.97) relative to those with low diet quality or unhealthy dietary pattern. Conclusions Adherence to high diet quality or healthy dietary pattern may provide protective effects on risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Additional observational studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to address our study limitations and provide further evidence about the role of a poor diet on the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases as well as the benefits of a healthy diet on the prevention of major neurodegenerative diseases. Funding Sources United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service agreement. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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Identification of Dish-Based Dietary Patterns for Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Their Diet Quality in Japanese Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Nana Shinozaki ◽

Kentaro Murakami ◽

Keiko Asakura ◽

Shizuko Masayasu ◽

Satoshi Sasaki

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Japanese Adults ◽

Dietary Record ◽

Dietary Data

We identified dish-based dietary patterns for breakfast, lunch, and dinner and assessed the diet quality of each pattern. Dietary data were obtained from 392 Japanese adults aged 20–69 years in 2013, using a 4 d dietary record. K-means cluster analysis was conducted based on the amount of each dish group, separately for breakfasts (n = 1462), lunches (n = 1504), and dinners (n = 1500). The diet quality of each dietary pattern was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3). The extracted dietary patterns were as follows: ‘bread-based’ and ‘rice-based’ for breakfast; ‘bread’, ‘rice-based’, ‘ramen’, ‘udon/soba’, and ‘sushi/rice bowl dishes’ for lunch; and ‘miscellaneous’, ‘meat dish and beer’, and ‘hot pot dishes’ for dinner. For breakfast, the HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 total scores were higher in the ‘rice-based’ pattern than the ‘bread-based’ pattern. For lunch, the HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 total scores were relatively high in the ‘rice-based’ pattern and low in the ‘ramen’ pattern. For dinner, the HEI-2015 total score was the highest in the ‘meat dish and beer’ pattern, and the NRF9.3 total score was higher in the ‘hot pot dishes’ than the ‘miscellaneous’ pattern. These results suggested that breakfast, lunch, and dinner have distinctive dietary patterns with different diet qualities.

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1055The applicability of the Healthy Eating Index to measure Iranian diet quality

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Ebrahimi ◽

Rebecca Leech ◽

Sarah McNaughton ◽

Katherine Livingstone

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Household Head ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Nutrient Adequacy

Abstract Background Iranian diet quality has been evaluated using indices that are not based on Iranian dietary guidelines. This study examined the applicability of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) by examining associations with sociodemographics, nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Methods Household sociodemographics and dietary intakes (three 24-h dietary recalls) were collected in the cross-sectional National Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status 2001-2003. Household diet quality was calculated using the HEI. Regression analyses examined associations between diet quality and sociodemographics, nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Results A total of 6584 households were included in this study. Age (β-coeff 2.11; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.44), education (β-coeff 4.58; 4.05, 5.11) and living in urban areas (β-coeff 2.87; 2.56, 3.19) (as reported by the household head) were positively associated with diet quality. Higher diet quality was associated with higher intake of protein (% energy) (β-coeff 0.08; 0.07, 0.08), calcium (mg/day) (β-coeff 12.10; 11.23, 12.98), iron (mg/day) (β-coeff 0.04; 0.02, 0.05), vitamin C (mg/day) (β-coeff 3.61; 3.45, 3.77) and fibre (g/day) (β-coeff 0.12; 0.11, 0.14), lower intake of sodium (mg/day) (β-coeff -83.45; -93.02, -73.88) and adequate intake of calcium (mg/day) (OR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.12) and vitamin C (mg/day) (1.19; 1.18, 1.20). Conclusions Higher HEI was associated with a range of sociodemographics and better nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Key messages HEI was applicable for assessing the diet quality of Iranian households.

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Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively associated with both healthy and western dietary pattern in Iranian middle-aged

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000685 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hossein Shahinfar ◽

Farhang Djafari ◽

Nadia Babaei ◽

Samira Davarzani ◽

Mojdeh Ebaditabar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Principal Component ◽

Total Sample ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Western Dietary Pattern ◽

Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Background: The association between dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is not well established. Objective: We sought to investigate association between a posteriori dietary pattern and CRF in middle-aged adults. Design: Adults (n = 276), aged 20–74 years, who were residents of Tehran, Iran were recruited. Diet was assessed by using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Socio-economic status, anthropometric measures, body composition, and blood pressure were recorded. CRF was assessed by using a graded exercise treadmill test. Analysis of variance and linear regression models were used to discern the association between dietary patterns and CRF. Results: Higher scores of the healthy dietary pattern had no association with VO2max (p = 0.13 ). After controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated across tertiles of healthy dietary patterns (p < 0.001). Higher adherence to the “mixed” dietary pattern was inversely related to VO2max (p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, the significant association disappeared (p = 0.14). Higher scores of the “Western” dietary pattern was not associated with VO2max (p = 0.06). However, after controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated with the “Western” dietary pattern (p = 0.01). A positive linear association between the “healthy” dietary pattern and CRF for the total sample (R2 = 0.02; p < 0.01) were presented. Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that higher adherence to a “healthy” and “Western” dietary pattern was positively associated with CRF. However, further studies are required to examine and clarify the causal relationship between dietary patterns and CRF.

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Association of Major Dietary Patterns with General and Abdominal Obesity in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000233 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (3-4) ◽

pp. 145-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Marjan Ghane Basiri ◽

Gity Sotoudeh ◽

Mahmood Djalali ◽

Mohammad Reza Eshraghian ◽

Neda Noorshahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

General Obesity ◽

Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Background: The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns associated with general and abdominal obesity in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: We included 728 patients (35 - 65 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this cross-sectional study. The usual dietary intake of individuals over 1 year was collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured according to standard protocol. Results: The two major dietary patterns identified by factor analysis were healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. After adjustment for potential confounders, subjects in the highest quintile of the healthy dietary pattern scores had a lower odds ratio for the general obesity when compared to the lowest quintile (OR = 0.45, 95 % CI = 0.26 - 0.79, P for trend = 0.02), while patients in the highest quintile of the unhealthy dietary pattern scores had greater odds for the general obesity (OR = 3.2, 95 % CI = 1.8 - 5.9, P for trend < 0.001). There were no significant associations between major dietary patterns and abdominal obesity, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: This study shows that in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a healthy dietary pattern is inversely associated and an unhealthy dietary pattern is directly associated with general obesity.

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Intake of Potatoes Is Associated with Higher Diet Quality, and Improved Nutrient Intake and Adequacy among US Adolescents: NHANES 2001–2018 Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2614

Author(s):

Sanjiv Agarwal ◽

Victor L. Fulgoni

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Vitamin K ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Vitamin B6 ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Recall Data ◽

Fiber Protein ◽

Potato Consumption

Potatoes are nutrient rich white vegetables, however, research on their impact on public health is limited. The objective of this study was to provide updated evaluation of the cross-sectional association between potato consumption and diet quality, nutrient intake and adequacy. Twenty-four hour diet recall data from adolescents (n = 16,633; age 9–18 years) were used to assess intakes. Usual intakes of nutrients were determined using the National Cancer Institute method and diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) after adjusting for demographic factors. Consumers of potatoes (baked or boiled potatoes, mashed potatoes and potato mixtures, fried potatoes, and potato chips) had higher (p < 0.05) HEI-2015 total score and subcomponent scores for total vegetables, total protein foods, and refined grain than non-consumers. Consumers also had higher (p < 0.05) intake of energy, dietary fiber, protein, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, sodium, zinc, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin K and total choline; and higher (p < 0.05) adequacy for protein, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, thiamine, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin C, and vitamin K than non-consumers. In conclusion, adolescent potato consumption was associated with higher diet quality, nutrient intake, and adequacy and therefore encouraging their consumption may be an effective strategy for improving nutritional status.

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Exploring absolute and relative measures of exposure to food environments in relation to dietary patterns among European adults

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018003063 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (06) ◽

pp. 1037-1047 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

MGM Pinho ◽

JD Mackenbach ◽

J-M Oppert ◽

H Charreire ◽

H Bárdos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Fast Food ◽

Principal Component ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Spatial Access ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Retailers ◽

Healthy Dietary Pattern

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the associations of absolute and relative measures of exposure to food retailers with dietary patterns, using simpler and more complex measures.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingUrban regions in Belgium, France, Hungary, the Netherlands and the UK.ParticipantsEuropean adults (n 4942). Supermarkets and local food shops were classified as ‘food retailers providing healthier options’; fast-food/takeaway restaurants, cafés/bars and convenience/liquor stores as ‘food retailers providing less healthy options’. Simpler exposure measures used were density of healthy and density of less healthy food retailers. More complex exposure measures used were: spatial access (combination of density and proximity) to healthy and less healthy food retailers; density of healthier food retailers relative to all food retailers; and a ratio of spatial access scores to healthier and less healthy food retailers. Outcome measures were a healthy or less healthy dietary pattern derived from a principal component analysis (based on consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish, fast foods, sweets and sweetened beverages).ResultsOnly the highest density of less healthy food retailers was significantly associated with the less healthy dietary pattern (β = −129·6; 95 % CI −224·3, −34·8). None of the other absolute density measures nor any of the relative measures of exposures were associated with dietary patterns.ConclusionsMore complex measures of exposure to food retailers did not produce stronger associations with dietary patterns. We had some indication that absolute and relative measures of exposure assess different aspects of the food environment. However, given the lack of significant findings, this needs to be further explored.

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Cross-Sectional, Short-, Medium- and Long-Term Effects of Dietary Pattern on Frailty in Taiwan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18189717 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 9717

Author(s):

Mei-Huey Shiau ◽

Meng-Chih Lee ◽

Fang-Ling Lin ◽

Baai-Shyun Hurng ◽

Chih-Jung Yeh

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Population Based ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Reduced Rank Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Protein Rich ◽

Healthy Dietary Pattern

This study examined the association between dietary patterns and the development of frailty during 4-, 8-, 12-year follow-up periods in the population-based Taiwan Study. We used the data of an elderly population aged 53 years and over (n = 3486) from four waves of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. Frailty was identified by using the modified Fried criteria and the values were summed to derive a frailty score. We applied reduced rank regression to determine dietary patterns, which were divided into tertiles (healthy, general, and unhealthy dietary pattern). We used multinomial logistic regression models to assess the association between dietary patterns and the risk of frailty. The healthy dietary pattern was characterized by a higher intake of antioxidant drinks (tea), energy-rich foods (carbohydrates, e.g., rice, noodles), protein-rich foods (fish, meat, seafood, and eggs), and phytonutrient-rich foods (fruit and dark green vegetables). Compared with the healthy pattern, the unhealthy dietary pattern showed significant cross-sectional, short-term, medium-term, and long-term associations with a higher prevalence of frailty (odds ratios (OR) 2.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.94–3.87, OR 2.55; 95% CI 1.67–3.88, OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.07–2.57, and OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.27–4.34, respectively). Our findings support recommendations to increase the intake of antioxidant drinks, energy-rich foods, protein-rich foods, and phytonutrient-rich foods, which were associated with a non-frail status. This healthy dietary pattern can help prevent frailty over time in elderly people.

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Injection of Vitamin A Acid, Vitamin E, and Vitamin C for Treatment of Tissue Necrosis

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1007/s002669900167 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jussara Personelle ◽

Ewaldo Bolivar de Souza Pinto ◽

Rogério Oliveira Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Tissue Necrosis ◽

Vitamin A Acid

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Skipping Breakfast Is Associated with Diet Quality and the Distribution of Food Intake Throughout the Day: NHANES 2005–20016

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa046_034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 534-534

Author(s):

Owen Kelly ◽

Stephanie Fanelli ◽

Sara Thomas ◽

Jessica Krok-Schoen ◽

Satya Jonnalagadda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Population Based ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Diabetes Status ◽

Skipping Breakfast

Abstract Objectives Distribution of carbohydrate intakes (carb choices) throughout the day are an important aspect to diabetes management and reducing blood glucose spikes. Skipping breakfast represents a behavior of concern, providing an extension of the overnight fast and may result in elevated sugar levels later in the day. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary intake differences, including carbohydrates, based on consuming breakfast or not, and by diabetes status. Methods Adults over 30 years from NHANES 2005–2016 were classified into nondiabetes (HbA1c <5.7%, n = 14,701), prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%, n = 5855) and diabetes (HbA1c (≥6.5%, n = 2881). Dietary intakes were assessed using a multiple pass 24-hour recall to estimate intakes from the foods and beverages reported as consumed on the day prior to the NHANES visit. Breakfast was self-defined by participants. Total population-based means (95% CI) of nutrient intakes, MyPlate equivalents, and Healthy Eating Index 2015 scores from the day of intake were calculated across levels of glycemic control and skipping breakfast status. Results Across all groups, adults who reported breakfast consumption had a significantly better overall diet quality, while total intakes of whole grains and fiber were significantly lower in those who skipped breakfast. Intakes of added sugars were not significantly different between those who skipped versus consumed breakfast. Conclusions The absence of breakfast on the day of intake was related to differential intakes of several nutrients related to healthy eating and glycemic management, resulting in a poorer overall diet quality. Healthcare professionals could evaluate meal skipping patterns and its impact on overall nutrient intakes, and the distribution of food intake throughout the day, in people with diabetes, to help improve disease management. Funding Sources Abbott Nutrition.

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