The Association between Plasma Concentration of Phytoestrogens and Hypertension within the Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort

In order to examine the association between plasma phytoestrogen concentration (genistein, daidzein, equol and enterolactone) and hypertension, we conducted a nested case–control study for 229 hypertension cases including 112 prehypertension and 159 healthy controls derived from the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort (KMCC). The concentration of plasma phytoestrogens was measured using time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. We assessed the association between plasma phytoestrogens and hypertension using logistic regression models using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The highest tertile of plasma equol and enterolactone concentration exhibited a significantly decreased risk of hypertension (equol, OR = 0.34, 95%CI 0.20–0.57; enterolactone, OR = 0.32, 95%CI 0.18–0.57), compared with the lowest tertile. Equol and enterolactone showed reduced ORs for prehypertension (the highest tertile relative to the lowest tertile, OR = 0.50, 95%CI 0.26–0.96; OR = 0.38, 95%CI 0.19–0.75, respectively) and hypertension (OR = 0.42, 95%CI 0.22–0.81; OR = 0.28, 95%CI 0.14–0.54, respectively). There was a stronger association in hypertension (the highest tertile relative to the lowest tertile in obesity vs. non-obesity; equol, OR = 0.06 vs. 0.63; enterolactone, OR = 0.07 vs. 0.46; both p-heterogeneity < 0.01). This study suggests that equol and enterolactone may contribute to prevent primarily prehypertension and hypertension, and control cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on the continuum of hypertension and CVD. Further study to assess hypertension risk based on useful biomarkers, including phytoestrogens, may contribute to primary prevention of hypertension.

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Adipokines and the risk of active TB: a nested case-control study

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease ◽

10.5588/ijtld.20.0300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

A. Z. Soh ◽

C. T. Y. Tan ◽

E. Mok ◽

C. B. E. Chee ◽

J-M. Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Case Control ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Donated Blood ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Control Study

BACKGROUND: Adipokines are emerging mediators of immune response, and may affect susceptibility to active TB.OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between adipokines and the risk of active TB.METHODS: In a case-control study nested within a prospective cohort of middle-aged and older adults in Singapore, 280 incident active TB cases who donated blood for research before diagnosis were matched with 280 controls. Serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, leptin and ghrelin were measured. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to compute the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between adipokines and the risk of active TB.RESULTS: Higher levels of leptin and resistin were associated with reduced risk of TB in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to those in the lowest quartile of leptin levels, those in the highest quartile had an OR of 0.46 (95%CI 0.26–0.82; P for trend = 0.009). Similarly, compared to those in the lowest quartile of resistin levels, those in the highest quartile had an OR of 0.46 (95%CI 0.24–0.90; P for trend = 0.03). Adiponectin and ghrelin levels were not associated with TB risk.CONCLUSION: Increased serum levels of leptin and resistin may be associated with reduced susceptibility to active TB infection.

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Does Flipping the Tubercle for Improved Cartilage Repair Exposure Increase the Risk for Arthrofibrosis?

Cartilage ◽

10.1177/1947603520968209 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 194760352096820

Author(s):

Gergo Merkely ◽

Jakob Ackermann ◽

Emily Sheehy ◽

Andreas H. Gomoll

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Cartilage Repair ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Repair Procedure ◽

Control Study

Objective We sought to determine whether rates of postoperative arthrofibrosis following tibial tuberosity osteotomy (TTO) with complete mobilization of the fragment (TTO-HD) are comparable to TTOs where the hinge remained intact (TTO-HI). Design Patients who underwent TTO with concomitant cartilage repair procedure between January 2007 and May 2017, with at least 2 years of follow-up were included in this study. Postoperative reinterventions following TTO-HD and TTO-HI were assessed and multivariant logistic regression models were used to identify whether postoperative reinterventions can be attributed to either technique when controlled for defect size or defect number. Results A total of 127 patients (TTO-HD, n = 80; TTO-HI, n = 47) were included in this study. Significantly more patients in the TTO-HD group (31.2%) developed postoperative arthrofibrosis compared with TTO-HI (6.4%; P < 0.05). Multivariant logistic regression revealed that TTO-HD is an independent risk factor for predicting postoperative arthrofibrosis (OR 6.5, CI = 1.7-24.2, P < 0.05). Conclusion Patients who underwent TTO with distal hinge detachment and a proximally flipped tubercle for better exposure during concomitant cartilage repair were at a significantly higher risk of postoperative arthrofibrosis than patients with similar size and number of defects treated without mobilization of the tubercle. While certain procedures can benefit from larger exposure, surgeons should be aware of the increased risk of postoperative arthrofibrosis. Level of Evidence Level III, case-control study.

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The Association between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Chinese Population

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/4691026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jianqing Deng ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Long Cao ◽

Qun Wang ◽

Hongpeng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Aortic Aneurysms ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Control Study

Objective. To shed light on the association between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). Methods. From July 2013 to March 2017, we conducted a matched case–control study involving individuals who presented to the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital and underwent thoracoabdominal magnetic resonance angiography or computed tomography angiography. A total of 73 patients with TAAAs were enrolled in the case group, and 219 sex-matched subjects without TAAAs were included in the control group. We then examined the relationship between HHcy and TAAAs by logistic regression models and subgroup as well as interaction analyses. Results. Serum total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and the proportion of HHcy were significantly higher in the patients with TAAAs than in those without TAAAs (P<0.001). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic regression models indicated that participants with HHcy had a 2.14-fold higher risk of TAAAs than those with a normal serum tHcy level (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–4.56). Similarly, each 1 μmol/L increase in the serum tHcy concentration was associated with a 4% higher risk of TAAAs (adjusted OR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.07). Subgroup analyses indicated that HHcy tended to be associated with a greater risk of TAAAs in all stratified subgroups (adjusted ORs>1). Furthermore, the interaction analyses revealed no interactive role in the association between HHcy and TAAAs. Conclusions. The present case–control study suggests that HHcy is an independent risk factor for TAAAs. Larger prospective cohort studies are warranted to validate these findings.

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Is Gout Associated with Pyoderma Gangrenosum? A Population-Based Case-Control Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9061626 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1626 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khalaf Kridin ◽

Ralf J. Ludwig ◽

Dana Tzur Bitan ◽

Mouhammad Kridin ◽

Giovanni Damiani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pyoderma Gangrenosum ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Matched Control ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Significant Independent Predictor ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Control Study

The coexistence of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and gout has been reported in individual patients; however, the association between these conditions has not been investigated. We aimed to assess the association between PG and gout and to examine whether the presence of gout predisposes to the development of PG. A population-based case-control study was conducted comparing PG patients (n = 302) with age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects (n = 1497) with respect to the presence of preceding gout. Logistic regression models were utilized for univariate and multivariate analyses. The prevalence of preceding gout was greater in patients with PG than in control subjects (3.7% vs. 0.7%, respectively; p < 0.001). Gout was associated with a more than fivefold increase in the risk of PG (OR, 5.15; 95% CI, 2.21–11.98). After adjusting for confounding factors, gout emerged as a significant independent predictor of PG (adjusted OR, 4.08; 95% CI, 1.69–9.80). Gout preceded the diagnosis of PG by a median latency of 4.6 years. Patients with gout-associated PG were older, predominantly male, and had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome than other patients with PG. In conclusion, gout increases the risk of developing PG by more than fivefold. Physicians managing patients with gout and PG should be aware of this emerging association.

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Risk Factors for Tuberculosis (TB) Among Household Contacts of Patients With Smear-Positive TB in 8 Provinces of Vietnam: A Nested Case-Control Study

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa1742 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kavindhran Velen ◽

Nguyen Viet Nhung ◽

Nguyen Thu Anh ◽

Pham Duc Cuong ◽

Nguyen Binh Hoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Household Contacts ◽

Key Population ◽

History Of ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) continues to account for significant morbidity and mortality annually. Household contacts (HHCs) of persons with TB are a key population for targeting prevention and control interventions. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with developing TB among HHCs. Methods We conducted a nested case-control study among HHCs in 8 provinces in Vietnam enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of active case finding for TB. Cases were any HHCs diagnosed and registered with TB within the Vietnam National TB Program during 2 years of follow-up. Controls were selected by simple random sampling from the remaining HHCs. Risk factor data were collected at enrollment and during follow-up. A logistic regression model was developed to determine predictors of TB among HHCs. Results We selected 1254 HHCs for the analysis: 214 cases and 1040 controls. Underlying characteristics varied between both groups; cases were older, more likely to be male, with a higher proportion of reported previous TB and diabetes. Risk factors associated with a TB diagnosis included being male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–2.0), residing in an urban setting (aOR, 1.8; 1.3–2.5), prior TB (aOR, 4.6; 2.5–8.7), history of diabetes (aOR, 3.1; 1.7–5.8), current smoking (aOR, 3.1; 2.2–4.4), and prolonged history of coughing in the index case at enrollment (OR , 1.6; 1.1–2.3). Conclusions Household contacts remain an important key population for TB prevention and control. TB programs should ensure effective contact investigations are implemented for household contacts, particularly those with additional risk factors for developing TB.

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Maternal consumption of cigarette during pregnancy and low birth weight: case-control study

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e692986538

Author(s):

Priscilla Perez da Silva Pereira ◽

Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo ◽

Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo da Mata ◽

Roberta Borges Silva ◽

Mauricio Gomes Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Income ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Maternal Consumption ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

The birth weight of newborn is an indicator that reflects maternal health conditions and the healthcare quality delivered during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between maternal consumption of cigarette during pregnancy and Low Birth Weight (LBW) in the Northeast of Brazil. Case-control study with the group of cases composed of 402 mothers with newborns with a birth weight <2,500 grams, and control composed of 1,210 mothers with newborns with weight ≥2,500 grams. Data were collected based on self-reported information by mothers and complemented with hospital records. Simple linear regression and logistic regression models were conducted. Majority of women were brown/ black, married, of low income and almost half of them had less than nine years of education. The consumption of 10 or more cigarettes a day was associated with LBW. For each cigarette added to the daily cigarette consumption there was a reduction of 18.6 grams in birth weight. Among mothers who smoked more than ten cigarettes per day, the mean reduction in birth weight was 283.1 grams. This study reinforces that LBW is associated with the maternal consumption of cigarettes.

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Risk factors for bleeding in haemato-oncology patients—a nested case–control study: The BITE study protocol (Bleeding In Thrombocytopenia Explained)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e034710 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Loes L Cornelissen ◽

Camila Caram-Deelder ◽

Johanna G van der Bom ◽

Rutger A Middelburg ◽

Jaap Jan Zwaginga

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control ◽

Source Population ◽

Bleeding Events ◽

Oncological Patients ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

IntroductionHaemato-oncological patients often receive platelet count driven prophylactic platelet transfusions to prevent bleeding. However, many prophylactically transfused patients still bleed. More knowledge on risk factors for bleeding is therefore needed. This will enable identification of bleeding risk profiles on which future transfusion policy can be optimised. The present BITE study (Bleeding In Thrombocytopenia Explained) aims to identify clinical conditions and biomarkers that are associated with clinically relevant bleeding events.Methods and analysisA matched case–control study nested in a cohort of haemato-oncological patients in the Netherlands. We collect a limited number of variables from all eligible patients, who together form the source population. These patients are followed for the occurrence of clinically relevant bleeding. Consenting patients of the source population form the cohort. Cases from the cohort are frequency matched to selected control patients for the nested case–control study. Of both case and control patients more detailed clinical data is collected.Study populationAdult haemato-oncological patients, who are admitted for intensive chemotherapeutic treatment or stem cell transplantation, or who received such treatments in the past and are readmitted for disease or treatment-related adverse events.Statistical analysisBleeding incidences will be calculated for the total source population, as well as for different subgroups. The association between potential risk factors and the occurrence of bleeding will be analysed using conditional logistic regression, to account for matching of case and control patients.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee Leiden Den Haag and Delft, and the Radboudumc Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects. Approval in seven other centres is foreseen. Patients will be asked for written informed consent and data is coded before analyses, according to Dutch privacy law. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNL62499.058.17. NCT03505086; Pre-results.

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The Relationship Between Shiftwork and Violence Against Nurses: A Case Control Study

Workplace Health & Safety ◽

10.1177/2165079917703409 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 603-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Steve Sun ◽

Susan Goodwin Gerberich ◽

Andrew D. Ryan

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Physical Assault ◽

Work Related ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Multivariable Analyses ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Study

This study investigated the potential relationship between shiftwork and work-related physical assault (PA) against nurses who are at high risk of violence globally. Nurses (6,300), randomly selected from the licensing database and working in Minnesota, were surveyed regarding PA experiences. Through a nested case-control study, nurses who reported a PA in the previous 12 months and controls who were randomly selected from their assault-free working months, respectively, identified exposures experienced during the month prior to the assault month (cases) and the random non-PA months (controls). Comparing case and control exposures, shiftwork was examined relevant to PA. Among 310 cases and 946 controls, most worked 8 hours or less (87%, 88%) during day shifts (44%, 70%). Multivariable analyses (odds ratios [ORs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) revealed increased risk of PA for nurses working evening (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = [1.05, 2.27]), night (OR = 3.54, 95% CI = [2.31, 5.44]), and rotating day and evening (OR = 2.88, 95% CI = [1.22, 6.80]) shifts, which provides a basis for intervention opportunities.

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Evaluation of logistic regression models and effect of covariates for case–control study in RNA-Seq analysis

BMC Bioinformatics ◽

10.1186/s12859-017-1498-y ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Seung Hoan Choi ◽

Adam T. Labadorf ◽

Richard H. Myers ◽

Kathryn L. Lunetta ◽

Josée Dupuis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Control Study

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Dietary phytochemical index in relation to risk of glioma: a case-control study in Iranian adults

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-021-00689-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Somaye Rigi ◽

Mehdi Shayanfar ◽

Seyed Mohammad Mousavi ◽

Minoo Mohammad-Shirazi ◽

Giuve Sharifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background & aim No study is available that explores the association of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with glioma. The objective of the current study was to assess this association in Iranian adults. Methods This hospital-based case-control study included 128 newly-diagnosed cases of glioma and 256 age- and sex-matched controls. Data collection on dietary intakes was done using a 123-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Calculation of DPI was done as (dietary energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods (kcal)/total daily energy intake (kcal)) × 100. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between DPI and glioma. Results Individuals in the top tertile of DPI were more likely to be older and female. Before taking potential confounders into account, subjects in the top tertile of DPI tended to have a 40% reduced chance of glioma than those in the bottom tertile (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.35–1.02, P = 0.06). After controlling for age, sex, energy intake, several demographic variables and dietary intakes, the association between DPI and glioma became strengthened (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19–0.97, P = 0.04). Conclusion High intakes of phytochemical-rich foods were associated with a lower risk of glioma in adults. High consumption of phytochemical-rich foods might be recommended to prevent glioma. However, further studies with a prospective design are needed to confirm our findings.

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