scholarly journals An Extract Purified from the Mycelium of a Tomato Wilt-Controlling Strain of Fusarium sambucinum Can Protect Wheat against Fusarium and Common Root Rots

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Shcherbakova ◽  
Tatyana Nazarova ◽  
Oleg Mikityuk ◽  
Ekaterina Istomina ◽  
Tatyana Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Mycelial Extract ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Tomato Wilt

An approach to manage seed-transmitted Fusarium crown-foot-root rot (FCR, Fusarium spp.) and common root rot (CRR, Bipolaris sorokiniana) on wheat, avoiding environmental risks of chemicals, is seed treatments with microbial metabolites. F. sambucinum strain FS-94 that induces resistance to tomato wilt was shown by this study to be a source of non-fungitoxic wheat-protecting metabolites, which were contained in a mycelium extract purified by gel-chromatography and ultrafiltration. Plant-protecting effect of the purified mycelial extract (PME) was demonstrated in vegetation experiments using a rolled-towel assay and by small-plot field trials. To elucidate mechanisms putatively underlying PME protective activity, tests with cultured Triticum aestivum and T. kiharae cells, particularly the extracellular alkalinization assay, as well as gene expression analysis in germinated wheat seeds were used. Pre-inoculation treatments of seeds with PME significantly decreased the incidence (from 30 to 40%) and severity (from 37 to 50%) of root rots on seedlings without any inhibition of the seed germination and potentiation of deoxynivalenol (DON), DON monoacetylated derivatives and zearalenon production in FCR agents. In vegetation experiments, reductions in the DON production were observed with doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/mL of PME. Pre-sowing PME application on seeds of two spring wheat cultivars naturally infected with FCR and CRR provided the mitigation of both diseases under field conditions during four growing seasons (2013–2016). PME-induced ion exchange response in cultured wheat cells, their increased survivability, and up-regulated expression of some defensins’ genes in PME-exposed seedlings allow the suggestion of the plant-mediated character of disease-controlling effect observed in field.

The effects of fumigation, rotation with lupins, and nitrogen application on plant growth and common root rot of wheat at Geraldton, Western Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Wilson ◽  
J Hamblin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot

The effects of soil fumigation (98% methyl bromide + 2% chloropicrin at 580 kg/ha) and N fertilizer (0, 12.5, 25, 50 or 100 kg N/ha) were examined in field trials on continuous wheat and wheat in rotation with lupins on the Geraldton sandplain. Fumigation increased grain yields at N fertilizer levels more or =25 kg/ha and was associated with reduced incidence and severity of common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana)[Cochliobolus sativus]. Grain yield was not significantly affected by rotation. Fumigation increased soil ammonium levels and decreased soil nitrate levels. Rotation of wheat and lupins increased mid-season growth at all levels of applied N but only increased grain yield where no N was applied.

scholarly journals Antagonistic Strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XZ34-1 for Controlling Bipolaris sorokiniana and Promoting Growth in Wheat

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1526
Author(s):  
Yanjie Yi ◽  
Youtian Shan ◽  
Shifei Liu ◽  
Yanhui Yang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Common Root Rot

Common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has led to major declines in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Here, strain XZ34-1 was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Culture filtrate (CF) of strain XZ34-1 showed a high inhibition rate against B.sorokiniana and had a broad antifungal spectrum. It also remarkably inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana. In pot control experiments, the incidence and disease index of common root rot in wheat seedlings were decreased after treatment with CF, and the biological control efficacy was significant, up to 78.24%. Further studies showed XZ34-1 could produce antifungal bioactive substances and had the potential of promoting plant growth. Lipopeptide genes detection with PCR indicated that strain XZ34-1 may produce lipopeptides. Furthermore, activities of defense-related enzymes were enhanced in wheat seedlings after inoculation with B.sorokiniana and treatment with CF, which showed induced resistance could be produced in wheat to resist pathogens. These results reveal that strain XZ34-1 is a promising candidate for application as a biological control agent against B.sorokiniana.

Resistance to soil-borne diseases of wheat: Contributions from the wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjie Li ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
T. D. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Oculimacula Yallundae

Eyespot, Cephalosporium stripe, and common root rot are soil-borne diseases that damage the stem bases, vascular system, subcrown internodes,and roots of wheat. Resistance in wheat to these diseases is insufficient to prevent significant yield loss when disease is severe. The wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum are highly resistant to these diseases. Identification of disease-resistant wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids, chromosome addition, substitution, and translocation lines makes them a valuable source of resistance genes for wheat breeding programs. Single chromosomes or chromosome segments containing resistance genes can be transferred into wheat to produce genetic stocks that afford a better understanding of the genetic control of resistance in wheatgrasses and new genetic resources for wheat improvement. Resistance to eyespot in Th. intermedium and Th. ponticum was associated with the homoeologous group 4 chromosomes, whereas resistance to Cephalosporium stripe was controlled by genes located on chromosomes 3 and 6 of Th. ponticum. Despite the fact that some eyespot- and common root rot-resistant wheat-Thinopyrum lines have blue kernels, resistance is not tightly linked to the blue aleurone trait. Key words: Thinopyrum intermedium, Th. ponticum, eyespot, Cephalosporium stripe, common root rot, Oculimacula yallundae, O. acuformis, Cephalosporium gramineum, Bipolaris sorokiniana

CONSISTENCY OF REACTION IN WHEAT LINES TO COMMON ROOT ROT

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Sallans ◽  
R. D. Tinline
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Pathogenic Races ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Selection Of

Field trials distributed throughout the Prairie Provinces in western Canada indicate that any location is suitable for the selection of wheats for resistance to common root rot caused by Cochliobolus sativus, providing the level of infection is sufficiently high. Wheat lines originally selected for resistance were consistently resistant in field tests at all locations. Three of four lines were significantly more resistant than Thatcher, one of the most resistant of the commercial varieties. A high consistency in the reaction of lines selected for susceptibility also was evident in the tests. A significant interaction in the analysis of variance found between wheat lines and locations might be interpreted as indicating the occurrence of differentially pathogenic races of the fungus. Other explanations, however, are offered for this interaction effect.

scholarly journals Distribution and Prevalence of Fusarium Crown Rot and Common Root Rot Pathogens of Wheat in Montana

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto A. Moya-Elizondo ◽  
Lisa J. Rew ◽  
Barry J. Jacobsen ◽  
Andrew C. Hogg ◽  
Alan T. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Fusarium Crown Rot ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
First Time

Distribution of Fusarium crown rot (FCR) and common root rot (CRR) pathogens associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum) in 91 fields in Montana were determined during the 2008 and 2009 crop seasons using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and conventional isolation methods. Correlations (P < 0.001) were found between detection methods for both diseases. FCR was detected in 57% of the fields and CRR was detected in 93% of the fields surveyed. Percent incidence based on isolation from individual tillers was Bipolaris sorokiniana (15%), F. culmorum (13%), and F. pseudograminearum (8%). FCR populations were highly variable across the regions and were not detected in any fields from the Gb5 soil types of Judith Basin and Fergus counties. The spatial distributions of FCR and CRR were affected by elevation, soil type, and temperature. High FCR populations were associated with spring wheat crops rather than winter wheat based on qPCR (P < 0.001). FCR and CRR could produce yield losses in a range of 3 to 35%. This study is the first time that qPCR was used to survey these two pathogen groups, and the merits and weakness of qPCR relative to traditional isolation methods are discussed.

scholarly journals Lack of Relationship Between Susceptibility to Common Root Rot and Drought Tolerance Among Several Closely Related Wheat Lines

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Piccinni ◽  
C. M. Rush ◽  
K. M. Vaughn ◽  
M. D. Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Wheat Lines

Common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a disease of wheat associated with plant stress. Three cultivars (Siouxland, TAM 200, and TAM 107) and several hard red winter wheat lines closely related to TAM 107, but known to differ with respect to drought tolerance, were included in a 2-year dryland field study to evaluate whether observed variation in drought tolerance was associated with susceptibility to B. sorokiniana. Untreated seed of each entry or seed treated with imazalil was planted in soil naturally infested with B. sorokiniana. Plants were evaluated at jointing and at harvest. Disease incidence and severity, number of plants, number of heads, and grain weight per meter were evaluated. Grain weight and number of heads of individual plants were recorded in order to correlate disease rating of each plant with yield components. Plot yield and test weight also were measured. There were significant entry by seed treatment interactions for number of heads per plant, grain weight per plant, and grain weight per meter. A year by treatment interaction was found for the jointing disease index, and plants grown from seed treated with imazalil had a significantly lower disease index than those grown from nontreated seed. Observed drought tolerance among the three varieties and eight closely related plant introductions was not associated with disease susceptibility to common root rot.

Biological Control of Common Root Rot of Wheat (Bipolaris sorokiniana) by Trichoderma Isolates

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salehpour . ◽  
H.R. Etebarian . ◽  
A. Roustaei . ◽  
G. Khodakaramian . ◽  
H. Aminian .
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

Nocardiopsis dassonvillei strain MB22 from the Algerian Sahara promotes wheat seedlings growth and potentially controls the common root rot pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadidja Allali ◽  
Yacine Goudjal ◽  
Miyada Zamoum ◽  
Khaoula Bouznada ◽  
Nasserdine Sabaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Algerian Sahara ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Root rot grain crops on Cereals caused by the phytopathogenic fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 11006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Grebenikova ◽  
Alexander Korshunov ◽  
Vasily Rud’ ◽  
Ivan Savchenko ◽  
Marcia Marques
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Root Rots

Researching the special and infraspecial structure in causative agent populations of the most dangerous diseases root rots of cereals in various regions of the Russjan Federation has been carried out. The defeat of cereals root rots old in Russia causes in the a complex patogenic. More often meet Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc., F. oxysporum (Schlecht.) Snyd.et Hans., F. heterosporum Nees., F. sporotrichiella nom.nov. Bilai F. gibbosum App.et Wr.emend Bilai., F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem., Alternaria spp.

EFFECT OF SEEDING DEPTH, SEEDING DATE AND SEED SIZE ON COMMON ROOT ROT OF SPRING BARLEY

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. DUCZEK ◽  
L. J. PIENING
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Seeding Emergence

The effects of variable seeding depth and dates of seeding of barley on the incidence of root rot, and on emergence and grain yield were investigated in field trials at Saskatoon and Scott, Saskatchewan. The effect of variable seeding depth of barley on intensity of root rot, grain yield, loss of yield due to root rot, and the effect of variable seed size of barley on incidence of root rot and yield were also investigated in field trials at Lacombe, Alberta. Symptoms of common root rot, based on lesions on the subcrown internode, were not influenced by seed size or seeding date but the disease increased with depth of seeding. Grain yield decreased with depth and with late seeding. Emergence was not affected by seeding date but decreased with depth of seeding. Common root rot was not associated with the reduced yields of later seeding dates but was associated with reduced yields of increased seeding depths. The increased emergence and reduced disease at shallow depths resulted in a greater number of clean plants which probably accounts for some of the increased grain yield at shallow seeding depths.

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