scholarly journals Potential of Cell-Free Supernatant from Lactobacillus plantarum NIBR97, Including Novel Bacteriocins, as a Natural Alternative to Chemical Disinfectants

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Sam Woong Kim ◽  
Song I. Kang ◽  
Da Hye Shin ◽  
Se Yun Oh ◽  
Chae Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Bacterial Membranes ◽  
Cell Free Supernatant ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Viral Envelopes ◽  
Proteinase K Treatment ◽  
Cellular Lysis

The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased demand for chemical disinfectants, which can be potentially hazardous to users. Here, we suggest that the cell-free supernatant from Lactobacillus plantarum NIBR97, including novel bacteriocins, has potential as a natural alternative to chemical disinfectants. It exhibits significant antibacterial activities against a broad range of pathogens, and was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to cause cellular lysis through pore formation in bacterial membranes, implying that its antibacterial activity may be mediated by peptides or proteins and supported by proteinase K treatment. It also showed significant antiviral activities against HIV-based lentivirus and influenza A/H3N2, causing lentiviral lysis through envelope collapse. Furthermore, whole-genome sequencing revealed that NIBR97 has diverse antimicrobial peptides, and among them are five novel bacteriocins, designated as plantaricin 1 to 5. Plantaricin 3 and 5 in particular showed both antibacterial and antiviral activities. SEM revealed that plantaricin 3 causes direct damage to both bacterial membranes and viral envelopes, while plantaricin 5 damaged only bacterial membranes, implying different antiviral mechanisms. Our data suggest that the cell-free supernatant from L. plantarum NIBR97, including novel bacteriocins, is potentially useful as a natural alternative to chemical disinfectants.

scholarly journals Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Natural Products from the Marine-Derived Penicillium sp. IMB17-046

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Yujia Wang ◽  
Xiaomeng Hao ◽  
Shasha Li ◽  
Jia Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gastric Diseases ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
New Compounds

A new pyrazine derivative, trypilepyrazinol (1), a new α-pyrone polyketide, (+)-neocitreoviridin (2), and a new ergostane analogue, 3β-hydroxyergosta-8,14,24(28)-trien-7-one (3), were isolated and characterized along with five known compounds from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. IMB17-046. The structures of these new compounds were determined using spectroscopic data analyses (HRESIMS, 1D- and 2D-NMR), X-ray crystallography analysis, and TDDFT ECD calculation. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited broad-spectrum antiviral activities against different types of viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and influenza A virus (IAV), with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 7.7 μM. Compounds 1 and 2 showed antibacterial activities against Helicobacter pylori, a causative pathogen of various gastric diseases, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1–16 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Protein-bound sialic acid in saliva contributes directly to salivary anti-influenza virus activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Kobayashi ◽  
Chika Shono ◽  
Takuya Mori ◽  
Hidefumi Kitazawa ◽  
Noriyasu Ota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Virus Activity ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Direct Regulator

ABSTRACTThe oral cavity is an entrance for respiratory viruses, such as influenza. Recently, saliva has been shown to exert both antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Thus, saliva may be a biological factor that contributes to the prevention of influenza infection. However, the actual salivary anti-influenza A virus (IAV) activity in individuals and its determinant factors are unknown. By assessing individual variations in salivary anti-IAV activity in 92 people using an established new high-throughput system in this study, we found that the anti-IAV activity varied widely between individuals and showed a significant positive correlation with protein-bound sialic acid (BSA) level (ρ=0.473; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the anti-IAV activity of saliva with enzymatically reduced BSA content was significantly lower. These results indicate that BSA is a direct regulator of salivary anti-IAV activity and is a determinant of individual differences. Additionally, after comparing the anti-IAV activity across the groups by age, anti-IAV activity in young people (aged 5–19 years) were lower than in adults aged 20–59 years and elderly people aged 60–79 years. Our study suggests that BSA levels in saliva may be important in preventing influenza infection.

scholarly journals In vitro and In Silico Approach For Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptide From Probiotics Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrutha Bindu ◽  
Lakshmi Devi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Kinetic Assay ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The focus of present study was to characterize antimicrobial peptide produced by probiotic cultures, Enterococcus durans DB-1aa (MCC4243), Lactobacillus plantarum Cu2-PM7 (MCC4246) and Lactobacillus fermentum Cu3-PM8 (MCC4233) against Staphylococus aureus and E. coli. The growth kinetic assay revealed 24 h of incubation to be optimum for bacteriocin production. The partially purified compound after ion-exchange chromatography was found to be thermoresistant and stable under wide range of pH. The compound was sensitive to proteinase-K, but resistant to trypsin, a-amylase and lipase. The apparent molecular weight of bacteriocin from MCC4243 and MCC4246 was found to be 3.5 KDa. Translated partial amino acid sequence of plnA gene in MCC4246 displayed 48 amino acid sequences showing 100% similarity with plantaricin A of Lactobacillus plantarum (WP_0036419). The sequence revealed 7 β sheets, 6 α sheets, 6 predicted coils and 9 predicted turns. The functions on cytoplasm show 10.82 isoelectric point and 48.6% hydrophobicity. The molecular approach of using Geneious Prime software and protein prediction data base for characterization of bacteriocin is novel and predicts “KSSAYSLQMGATAIKQVKKLFKKWGW” as peptide responsible for antimicrobial activity. The study provides information about broad spectrum bacteriocin in native probiotic culture and paves a way towards its application in functional foods as biopreservative agents.

scholarly journals Direct Involvement of Type II Secretion System in Extracellular Translocation of Shewanella oneidensis Outer Membrane Cytochromes MtrC and OmcA

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (15) ◽  
pp. 5512-5516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Shi ◽  
Shuang Deng ◽  
Matthew J. Marshall ◽  
Zheming Wang ◽  
David W. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Shewanella Oneidensis ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Type Ii Secretion ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Direct Involvement ◽  
Type Ii Secretion System ◽  
Extracellular Release ◽  
Proteinase K Treatment

ABSTRACT MtrC and OmcA are cell surface-exposed lipoproteins important for reducing solid metal oxides. Deletions of type II secretion system (T2SS) genes reduced their extracellular release and their accessibility to the proteinase K treatment, demonstrating the direct involvement of T2SS in translocation of MtrC and OmcA to the bacterial cell surface.

Isolation and Preliminary Characterization of a Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum N014 Isolated from Nham, a Traditional Thai Fermented Pork

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1937-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
PONGSAK RATTANACHAIKUNSOPON ◽  
PARICHAT PHUMKHACHORN
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Plasmid Isolation ◽  
Inhibitory Spectrum ◽  
Lipase A

Lactobacillus plantarum N014 was isolated from nham, a traditional Thai fermented pork, and exhibited antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Its bacteriocin had a broad inhibitory spectrum toward both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The bacteriocin activity was sensitive to all proteolytic enzymes used in this study, including papain, pepsin, pronase E, proteinase K, and trypsin, but was resistant to the other enzymes, such as α-amylase, lipase A, and lysozyme. Furthermore, activity was stable over various heat treatments and pH values. The bacteriocin exerted a bacteriolytic mode of action. It was produced during the exponential growth phase and reached its highest level as producer cells entered the stationary phase. Adsorption of the bacteriocin onto producer cells was pH-dependent. No bacteriocin adsorption was detected at pH 1 to 3, whereas 100% bacteriocin adsorption was found at pH 7. Plasmid isolation revealed that L. plantarum N014 contained no plasmids. From Tricine–sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and growth inhibition testing against L. monocytogenes, the estimated molecular mass of L. plantarum N014 bacteriocin was 8 kDa.

scholarly journals Enhancing the antibacterial activities of sow milk via site-specific knock-in of a lactoferrin gene in pigs using CRISPR/Cas9 technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Han ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Guanglei Li ◽  
Youcai Xiong ◽  
Changzhi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Large White ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Lactoferrin Gene ◽  
Marker Free ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Surviving Rate

AbstractColostrum quality is a vital factor in mortality and growth performance for piglets. Lactoferrin is an immuno-active milk protein that contributes to the formation of a protective layer above intestinal mucosa, possesses the antibacterial and antiviral activities that are favorable for piglet development. However, there is a notable reduction in lactoferrin in sow milk during lactation after the first few days, which causes many piglets to fail to ingest enough colostrum thereby leading to an increase in piglet mortality. In this study, we successfully constructed genome-edited Large-White pigs with marker-free site-specific knock-in of lactoferrin gene in the 3′-end of Casein alpha-s1 via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated homologous recombination. Thus, the lactoferrin protein can be expressed in the mammary gland in the control of Casein alpha-s1 promoter. As expected, the lactoferrin protein in genetically modified pigs sustained high expression in both colostrum and milk when compared with wild-type pigs. Moreover, the bacterial plate assay indicated that the milk from genetically modified pigs showed bacteriostatic effects when compared with control pigs. Taken together, our study demonstrated that the milk from genetically modified pigs had antibacterial activity which may reduce the costs of veterinary drug and improve the surviving rate of piglets, which is promising for pig breeding.

scholarly journals #Nitrosocarbonyls 1: Antiviral Activity ofN-(4-Hydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-yl)quinoline-2-carboxamide against the Influenza A Virus H1N1

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalya Al-Saad ◽  
Misal Giuseppe Memeo ◽  
Paolo Quadrelli
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Nucleoside Analogues ◽  
Virus H1n1 ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Carbocyclic Nucleoside

Influenza virus flu A H1N1 still remains a target for its inhibition with small molecules. Fleeting nitrosocarbonyl intermediates are at work in a short-cut synthesis of carbocyclic nucleoside analogues. The strategy of the synthetic approaches is presented along with thein vitroantiviral tests. The nucleoside derivatives were tested for their inhibitory activity against a variety of viruses. Promising antiviral activities were found for specific compounds in the case of flu A H1N1.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic p53 polypeptide is associated with ribosomes.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 3146-3154 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M Fontoura ◽  
C A Atienza ◽  
E A Sorokina ◽  
T Morimoto ◽  
R B Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Mutant P53 ◽  
Tumor Suppressor P53 ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Gapdh Mrna ◽  
5.8S Rrna ◽  
Proteinase K Treatment ◽  
Covalently Linked

Our previous finding that the tumor suppressor p53 is covalently linked to 5.8S rRNA suggested functional association of p53 polypeptide with ribosomes. p53 polypeptide is expressed at low basal levels in the cytoplasm of normal growing cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. We report here that cytoplasmic wild-type p53 polypeptide from both rat embryo fibroblasts and MCF7 cells and the A135V transforming mutant p53 polypeptide were found associated with ribosomes to various extents. Treatment of cytoplasmic extracts with RNase or puromycin in the presence of high salt, both of which are known to disrupt ribosomal function, dissociated p53 polypeptide from the ribosomes. In immunoprecipitates of p53 polypeptide-associated ribosomes, 5.8S rRNA was detectable only after proteinase K treatment, indicating all of the 5.8S rRNA in p53-associated ribosomes is covalently linked to protein. While 5.8S rRNA linked to protein was found in the immunoprecipitates of either wild-type or A135V mutant p53 polypeptide associated with ribosomes, little 5.8S rRNA was found in the immunoprecipitates of the slowly sedimenting p53 polypeptide, which was not associated with ribosomes. In contrast, 5.8S rRNA was liberated from bulk ribosomes by 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, without digestion with proteinase K, indicating that these ribosomes contain 5.8S rRNA, which is not linked to protein. Immunoprecipitation of p53 polypeptide coprecipitated a small fraction of ribosomes. p53 mRNA immunoprecipitated with cytoplasmic p53 polypeptide, while GAPDH mRNA did not. These results show that cytoplasmic p53 polypeptide is associated with a subset of ribosomes, having covalently modified 5.8S rRNA.

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