scholarly journals Osseointegration Improvement of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Produced by Additive Manufacturing

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Amilton Iatecola ◽  
Guilherme Arthur Longhitano ◽  
Luiz Henrique Martinez Antunes ◽  
André Luiz Jardini ◽  
Emilio de Castro Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Coated Sample ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Coated Surface ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cobalt Base

Cobalt-base alloys (Co-Cr-Mo) are widely employed in dentistry and orthopedic implants due to their biocompatibility, high mechanical strength and wear resistance. The osseointegration of implants can be improved by surface modification techniques. However, complex geometries obtained by additive manufacturing (AM) limits the efficiency of mechanical-based surface modification techniques. Therefore, plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is the best alternative, creating nanotopography even in complex structures. In the present study, we report the osseointegration results in three conditions of the additively manufactured Co-Cr-Mo alloy: (i) as-built, (ii) after PIII, and (iii) coated with titanium (Ti) followed by PIII. The metallic samples were designed with a solid half and a porous half to observe the bone ingrowth in different surfaces. Our results revealed that all conditions presented cortical bone formation. The titanium-coated sample exhibited the best biomechanical results, which was attributed to the higher bone ingrowth percentage with almost all medullary canals filled with neoformed bone and the pores of the implant filled and surrounded by bone ingrowth. It was concluded that the metal alloys produced for AM are biocompatible and stimulate bone neoformation, especially when the Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy with a Ti-coated surface, nanostructured and anodized by PIII is used, whose technology has been shown to increase the osseointegration capacity of this implant.

Surface Modification of Biodegradable Magnesium-Calcium Implants by Burnishing

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salahshoor ◽  
Y. B. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Surface Residual Stresses ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques

Magnesium-Calcium (MgCa) alloys have shown very promising potential to make biodegradable metallic orthopedic implants. Biodegradable metallic implants relieve the need for second surgery and avoid stress shielding common with permanent metallic implants. Moreover, they provide enough strength in load carrying orthopedic applications as opposed to polymeric counterparts. High degradation rate of these alloys is the pressing issue resulting in subcutaneous hydrogen bubbles and high pH values and ultimately imbalance in physiological reactions. Surface modification techniques has been implemented to enhance the biocompatibility of these alloys by matching their corrosion rate with bone healing rate and absorption rate of corrosion by-products. Low plasticity burnishing (LPB) is a novel technique that makes wide range of surface integrity characteristics and consequently corrosion rates attainable. This is instrumental in developing proper degradation rates with respect to local healing and absorptions rates present in each application. Besides, LPB can be applied on already available CNC machining centers and in that sense is very flexible. Hence, studying the effects of LPB process parameters on surface integrity is important. In this paper, effects of burnishing passes and their pattern on surface topography, surface roughness, surface/subsurface microhardness, microstructure, and surface residual stresses of MgCa0.8 (wt%) implants are investigated.

Surface Modifications and Tribological Effect in Orthopedics Implants

2015 ◽  
pp. 193-217
Author(s):  
Dipankar Choudhury ◽  
Taposh Roy ◽  
Ivan Krupka
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Medical Surgery ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques ◽  
Biological Outcomes

In this chapter, the authors illustrate advantages and disadvantages of several surface modification techniques on orthopedics implants. The number of hip and knee replacement procedures per year is one of the highest in medical surgery, and there are many approaches engaged to improve the acceptability of these prosthesis to be suitable for young patients. Surface modification is one of them that has been utilized owing to its potential impacts. A critical review on the major tribological and biological outcomes of these modifications is exclusively described. A few interesting results of recent investigations have been explained for future trends in biotribological effect in orthopedic implants.

Properties and Applications of Modified Bacterial Cellulose-Based Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munair Badshah ◽  
Hanif Ullah ◽  
Fazli Wahid ◽  
Taous Khan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Fibrous Network ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques

Background: Bacterial cellulose (BC) is purest form of cellulose as it is free from pactin, lignin, hemicellulose and other active constituents associated with cellulose derived from plant sources. High biocompatibility and easy molding into desired shape make BC an ideal candidate for applications in biomedical field such as tissue engineering, wound healing and bone regeneration. In addition to this, BC has been widely studied for applications in the delivery of proteins and drugs in various forms via different routes. However, BC lacks therapeutic properties and resistance to free movement of small molecules i.e., gases and solvents. Therefore, modification of BC is required to meet the research ad market demand. Methods: We have searched the updated data relevant to as-synthesized and modified BC, properties and applications in various fields using Web of science, Science direct, Google and PubMed. Results: As-synthesized BC possesses properties such as high crystallinity, well organized fibrous network, higher degree of polymerization, and ability of being produced in swollen form. The large surface area with abundance of free accessible hydroxyl groups makes BC an ideal candidate for carrying out surface functionalization to enhance its features. The various reported surface modification techniques including, but not limited to, are amination, methylation and acetylation. Conclusion: In this review, we have highlighted various approaches made for BC surface modification. We have also reported enhancement in the properties of modified BC and potential applications in different fields ranging from biomedical science to drug delivery and paper-making to various electronic devices.

scholarly journals Review of titanium surface modification techniques and coatings for antibacterial applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 37-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Chouirfa ◽  
H. Bouloussa ◽  
V. Migonney ◽  
C. Falentin-Daudré
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques

scholarly journals Infections @ Trauma/Orthopedic Implants: Recent Advances on Materials, Methods, and Microbes—A Mini-Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5834
Author(s):  
Britt Wildemann ◽  
Klaus D. Jandt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Surfaces ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Antibiotic Release

Implants and materials are indispensable in trauma and orthopedic surgery. The continuous improvements of implant design have resulted in an optimized mechanical function that supports tissue healing and restoration of function. One of the still unsolved problems with using implants and materials is infection. Trauma and material implantation change the local inflammatory situation and enable bacterial survival and material colonization. The main pathogen in orthopedic infections is Staphylococcus aureus. The research efforts to optimize antimicrobial surfaces and to develop new anti-infective strategies are enormous. This mini-review focuses on the publications from 2021 with the keywords S. aureus AND (surface modification OR drug delivery) AND (orthopedics OR trauma) AND (implants OR nails OR devices). The PubMed search yielded 16 original publications and two reviews. The original papers reported the development and testing of anti-infective surfaces and materials: five studies described an implant surface modification, three developed an implant coating for local antibiotic release, the combination of both is reported in three papers, while five publications are on antibacterial materials but not metallic implants. One review is a systematic review on the prevention of stainless-steel implant-associated infections, the other addressed the possibilities of mixed oxide nanotubes. The complexity of the approaches differs and six of them showed efficacy in animal studies.

Near-Infrared Emitting Dual-Stimuli-Responsive Carbon Dots from Endogenous Bile Pigments

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinaz Fathi ◽  
Parikshit Moitra ◽  
Madeleine M. McDonald ◽  
Mandy Brigitte Esch ◽  
Dipanjan Pan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Bile Pigments ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Carbon Dot ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Carbon dots are biocompatible nanoparticles suitable for a variety of biomedical applications. Careful selection of carbon dot precursors and surface modification techniques has allowed for the development of carbon dots...

CHAPTER 2. Additive Manufacturing and Surface Modification of Biomaterials using Self-assembled Monolayers

2014 ◽  
pp. 30-54
Author(s):  
Jayasheelan Vaithilingam ◽  
Ruth D. Goodridge ◽  
Steven D. R. Christie ◽  
Steve Edmondson ◽  
Richard J. M. Hague
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Self Assembled

Trend and Development in Laser Surface Modification for Enhanced Materials Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-295
Author(s):  
Muhammed Olawale Hakeem Amuda ◽  
Esther Titilayo Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Laser Surface Modification ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Graded Material ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques ◽  
Simple Surface

This article presents a process review of the commonly available laser surface modification techniques for surface property enhancement. This is reinforced with the specific case treatment of research trends in relation to commonly treated materials. The progression from simple surface modification to the production of components with multifunctional characteristics known as functionally graded material is discussed in combination with emerging research focus on the computational simulation of laser surface modification for optimization of process dynamics.

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