scholarly journals Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Improves Cold Tolerance with Parallel Induction of Two Cold-Regulated (COR) Genes Expression in Triticum aestivum L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Natalia Repkina ◽  
Anna Ignatenko ◽  
Ekaterina Holoptseva ◽  
Zbigniew MiszalskI ◽  
Paweł Kaszycki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Cor Genes

Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is an important plant growth regulator that plays a key role in tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research, the effects of exogenous MJ on cold tolerance, photosynthesis, activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, proline accumulation, and expression of cold-regulated (COR) genes in wheat seedlings under low temperature (4 °C) were investigated. Exogenous MJ treatment (1 µM) promoted wheat cold tolerance before and during cold exposure. Low temperature significantly decreased photosynthetic parameters, whereas MJ application led to their partial recovery under cold exposure. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in response to low temperature, and this was counteracted by MJ application. Exogenous MJ significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and upregulated the expression of MnSOD and CAT during cold exposure. MJ application also led to enhanced proline content before 4 °C exposure, whereas the P5CS gene expression was upregulated by MJ’s presence at both normal (22 °C) and low (4 °C) temperatures. It was also shown that MJ tended to upregulate the expression of the COR genes WCS19 and WCS120 genes. We conclude that exogenous MJ can alleviate the negative effect of cold stress thus increasing wheat cold tolerance.

Antioxidant enzymes in germinating wheat seeds as affected by dehydration stress, ABA and hydrogen peroxide

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sabeva ◽  
D. Nedeva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Dehydration Stress ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Low Temperature Treatment ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The response of the antioxidant enzymes peroxidase [EC 1.11.1.11], superoxide dismutase (SOD) [EC 1.15.1.1] and catalase [EC 1.11.1.6] to dehydration stress caused by low and high temperature, salinity (0.2 M NaCl) and hyperosmoticum (0.5 M sucrose), as well as to exogenous ABA and H 2 O 2 , was examined in germinating wheat seeds. The data presented here confirm and complete previous results for other stages of wheat seedling development (Bakalova et al., 2004; 2007). Catalase was the most susceptible antioxidant enzyme under the chronic stress conditions applied. Its activity correlated closely to the decrease in the growth rate of wheat seedlings. Low temperature had the strongest effect of all the stress factors applied. There was a significant decrease in anionic peroxidase activity, accompanied by catalase inhibition, after low temperature treatment. An analysis of all the data obtained revealed that the treatments had mostly non-specific effects on gene expression, protein and enzyme profiles. Catalase and peroxidase activity were suppressed not only by low temperature, but by hyperosmoticum (0.5 M sucrose) as well. This result confirmed findings that a significant number of genes induced by one particular stress are also upregulated by other stresses (Kreps et al., 2002; Munns, 2002; Rabbani et al., 2003).

scholarly journals The Methylation Patterns and Transcriptional Responses to Chilling Stress at the Seedling Stage in Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Tingkai Wu ◽  
Shuxing Li ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Zhanlie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Chilling stress is considered the major abiotic stress affecting the growth, development, and yield of rice. To understand the transcriptomic responses and methylation regulation of rice in response to chilling stress, we analyzed a cold-tolerant variety of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. P427). The physiological properties, transcriptome, and methylation of cold-tolerant P427 seedlings under low-temperature stress (2–3 °C) were investigated. We found that P427 exhibited enhanced tolerance to low temperature, likely via increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and promoting the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA). The Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (MeDIP-seq) data showed that the number of methylation-altered genes was highest in P427 (5496) and slightly lower in Nipponbare (Nip) and 9311 (4528 and 3341, respectively), and only 2.7% (292) of methylation genes were detected as common differentially methylated genes (DMGs) related to cold tolerance in the three varieties. Transcriptome analyses revealed that 1654 genes had specifically altered expression in P427 under cold stress. These genes mainly belonged to transcription factor families, such as Myeloblastosis (MYB), APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding proteins (AP2-EREBP), NAM-ATAF-CUC (NAC) and WRKY. Fifty-one genes showed simultaneous methylation and expression level changes. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that genes involved in the ICE (inducer of CBF expression)-CBF (C-repeat binding factor)—COR (cold-regulated) pathway were highly expressed under cold stress, including the WRKY genes. The homologous gene Os03g0610900 of the open stomatal 1 (OST1) in rice was obtained by evolutionary tree analysis. Methylation in Os03g0610900 gene promoter region decreased, and the expression level of Os03g0610900 increased, suggesting that cold stress may lead to demethylation and increased gene expression of Os03g0610900. The ICE-CBF-COR pathway plays a vital role in the cold tolerance of the rice cultivar P427. Overall, this study demonstrates the differences in methylation and gene expression levels of P427 in response to low-temperature stress, providing a foundation for further investigations of the relationship between environmental stress, DNA methylation, and gene expression in rice.

scholarly journals Antifreeze Protein Improves the Cryopreservation Efficiency of Hosta capitata by Regulating the Genes Involved in the Low-Temperature Tolerance Mechanism

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Phyo Phyo Win Pe ◽  
Aung Htay Naing ◽  
Chang Kil Kim ◽  
Kyeung Il Park
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Antifreeze Protein ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Freezing Injuries

In this study, whether the addition of antifreeze protein (AFP) to a cryopreservative solution (plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2)) is more effective in reducing freezing injuries in Hosta capitata than PVS2 alone at different cold exposure times (6, 24, and 48 h) is investigated. The upregulation of C-repeat binding factor 1 (CBF1) and dehydrin 1 (DHN1) in response to low temperature was observed in shoots. Shoots treated with distilled water (dH2O) strongly triggered gene expression 6 h after cold exposure, which was higher than those expressed in PVS2 and PVS2+AFP. However, 24 h after cold exposure, gene expressions detected in dH2O and PVS2 treatments were similar and higher than PVS2 + AFP. The expression was highest in PVS2+AFP when the exposure time was extended to 48 h. Similarly, nitric reductase activities 1 and 2 (Nia1 and Nia2) genes, which are responsible for nitric oxide production, were also upregulated in low-temperature-treated shoots, as observed for CBF1 and DHN1 expression patterns during cold exposure periods. Based on the gene expression patterns, shoots treated with PVS2+AFP were more likely to resist cold stress, which was also associated with the higher cryopreservation efficiency of PVS2+AFP compared to PVS2 alone. This finding suggests that the improvement of cryopreservation efficiency by AFP could be due to the transcriptional regulation of CBF1, DHN1, Nia1, and Nia2, which might reduce freezing injuries during cryopreservation. Thus, AFP could be potentially used as a cryoprotectant in the cryopreservation of rare and commercially important plant germplasm.

Characterization of alternative oxidase (AOX) gene expression in response to methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate pre-treatment and low temperature in tomatoes

2006 ◽  
Vol 163 (10) ◽  
pp. 1049-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond W.M. Fung ◽  
Chien Y. Wang ◽  
David L. Smith ◽  
Kenneth C. Gross ◽  
Yang Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Wild Relatives of Wheat Respond Well to Water Deficit Stress: A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Their Encoding Gene Expression

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh ◽  
Mansoor Omidi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Naghavi ◽  
Alireza Etminan ◽  
Ali Ashraf Mehrabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Encoding Genes

Previous studies have revealed that some wild wheat accessions respond well to water deficit treatments and have a good potential in terms of photosynthetic parameters, root system architecture, and several physiological properties. However, the biochemical responses and molecular mechanisms of antioxidant-encoding genes remain to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the most tolerant accessions from A. crassa, Ae. tauschii, and Ae. cylindrica previously identified from a core collection in previous studies, along with a control variety of bread wheat (T. aestivum cv. Sirvan) through measuring the shoot fresh and dry biomasses; the activities of antioxidant enzymes (including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and peroxidase (POD)); and the relative expression of CAT, superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and GPX and APX genes under control and water deficit conditions. Water deficit stress caused a significant decrease in the shoot biomasses but resulted in an increase in the activity of all antioxidant enzymes and relative expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes. Principal component analysis showed a strong association between the shoot dry biomass and the activity of CAT, POD, and APX, as well as MnSOD gene expression. Thus, these traits can be used as biomarkers to screen the tolerant plant material in the early growth stage. Taken together, our findings exposed the fact that Ae. tauschii and Ae. crassa respond better to water deficit stress than Ae. cylindrica and a control variety. Furthermore, these accessions can be subjected to further molecular investigation.

scholarly journals Identification and physiological characterization of two sister lines of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) with contrasting levels of cold tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janete M. Adamski ◽  
Denise Cargnelutti ◽  
Raul A. Sperotto ◽  
Tatiana F. Terra ◽  
Luis M.G. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Tolerant Genotype

Exposure to low temperature during germination and vegetative growth is a limiting factor to the establishment and development of rice seedlings. Higher cold tolerance of japonica than indica subspecies is well documented. However, reports of cold tolerance in indica genotypes are rare. We screened a large number of indica rice genotypes for cold tolerance during germination and initial vegetative growth. The indica genotypes IRGA 959-1-2-2F-4-1-4-A and IRGA 959-1-2-2F-4-1-4-D-1-CA-1, derived from the same cross, were characterized, respectively, as tolerant and sensitive to low temperature. Indexes of photosynthetic performance during light absorption were heavily affected by cold in both genotypes, but recovered after cold exposure only in the tolerant genotype. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT (at the vegetative stage) and CAT and APX (at the germination stage) were higher in the tolerant than in the sensitive genotype. Expression of 20 genes previously related to cold response in rice was evaluated. Expression of OsLIP9 and OsWCOR413 were higher in the tolerant genotype upon or prior to cold exposure, respectively. The two sister lines show different molecular and physiological responses to low temperature stress. Further in-depth studies with these lines may help to identify new cold tolerance mechanisms in rice.

Cereals frost resistance correlates with an integral indicators of content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
O. I. Horielova ◽  
◽  
N. I. Ryabchun ◽  
M. A. Shkliarevskyi ◽  
A. M. Reznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Adult Plants

Along with specific adaptive reactions, universal defense reactions, in particular activation of antioxidant system, are of great importance for plant survival under cold conditions. We have studied a relationship among the content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds with antioxidant properties (proline, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase) in seedlings of winter wheat, rye and triticale, and frost resistance of etiolated seedlings and adult plants at tillering stage. It was found that there was a fairly close correlation between the frost resistance of seedlings and adult cereal plants (r = 0,78). It was shown that a pronounced relationship between individual indicators of antioxidant system functioning in unhardened seedlings and their frost resistance was not found. After 6-day hardening of seedlings at 2-4°C, there was a high correlation between the total indicator of the enzymatic antioxidant system (the sum of normalized indicators of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity) and their frost resistance (r = 0,86), but the correlation coefficient of this index with frost resistance of plants in tillering phase was significantly lower (r = 0,47). At the same time, a high correlation was found between the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings and frost resistance of tillering adult plants (r = 0.89). The closest correlation was observed between the integral normalized indicator, comprising the sum of normalized values of antioxidant enzymes activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings, and frost resistance of seedlings (r = 0,94) and plants in tillering phase (r = 0,89). A presence of specific features in the functioning of antioxidant system during cold adaptation of cereal seedlings was established. Rye is characterized by a high content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds; at the same time, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase - was noted in wheat seedlings. In triticale, depending on the genotype, the values of both enzymatic antioxidant activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors varied.

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