Exogenous Glycine Betaine Application Improves Freezing Tolerance of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) Leaves

Exogenous glycine betaine (GB) application has been reported to improve plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses, but its effect on freezing tolerance has not been well studied. We investigated the effect of exogenous GB on freezing tolerance of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) leaves. Seedlings fed with 30 mM GB via sub-irrigation showed effectively assimilated GB as evident by higher GB concentration. Exogenous GB did not retard leaf-growth (fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area) rather slightly promoted it. Temperature controlled freeze-thaw tests proved GB-fed plants were more freeze-tolerant as indicated by lower electrolyte leakage (i.e., indication of less membrane damage) and alleviating oxidative stress (less accumulation of O2•− and H2O2, as well as of malondialdehyde (MDA)) following a relatively moderate or severe freeze-thaw stress, i.e., −2.5 and −3.5 °C. Improved freezing tolerance induced by exogenous GB application may be associated with accumulation of compatible solute (proline) and antioxidant (glutathione). GB-fed leaves also had higher activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These changes, together, may improve freezing tolerance through membrane protection from freeze-desiccation and alleviation of freeze-induced oxidative stress.

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Exogenous Salicylic Acid Alleviates Freeze-Thaw Injury of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) Leaves

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132011437 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 11437

Author(s):

Kyungwon Min ◽

Sangryong Lee

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Ion Leakage ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

Freezing tolerance and physiological/biochemical changes were investigated for cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. ‘Myeong-Sung’) leaves treated with 0.5 mM salicylic acid (SA) by sub-irrigation. SA treatment did not interfere with leaf-growth (fresh/dry weight, and leaf-area), rather promoted growth (leaf-area) as compared to the control. Temperature-controlled, laboratory-based freeze-thaw assays revealed that SA-treated leaves were more freeze-tolerant than controls as evident by less ion-leakage as well as malondialdehyde content after freeze-thaw stress treatments (−2.5 and −3.5 °C). SA treatment also significantly alleviated freeze-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the lower accumulation of O2•− and H2O2, concomitant with higher activities of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) relative to the control. Specifically, SA-treated leaves had a greater abundance of compatible solute (proline) and secondary metabolites (phenolic/flavonoid contents). These changes, together, may improve freezing tolerance through protecting membranes against freeze-desiccation and mitigating freeze-induced oxidative stress.

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A metabolomics study of ascorbic acid-induced in situ freezing tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

10.1101/2020.01.23.916973 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyungwon Min ◽

Keting Chen ◽

Rajeev Arora

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Spinacia Oleracea ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Compatible Solutes ◽

Ion Leakage ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Exogenous Application ◽

Leaf Level

AbstractFreeze-thaw stress is one of the major environmental constraints that limit plant growth and reduces productivity and quality. Plants exhibit a variety of cellular dysfunction following freeze-thaw stress, including accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This means that enhancement of antioxidant capacity by exogenous application of antioxidants could potentially be one of major strategies for improving freezing tolerance (FT) of plants. Exogenous application of ascorbic acid (AsA), as an antioxidant, has been shown to improve plant tolerance against abiotic stresses but its effect on FT has not been investigated. We evaluated the effect of AsA-feeding on FT of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) at whole-plant and excised leaf level, and conducted metabolite profiling of leaves before and after AsA-treatment to explore metabolic explanation for change in FT. AsA-application did not impede leaf-growth; instead slightly promoted it. Temperature-controlled freeze-thaw tests revealed AsA-fed plants were more freezing tolerant as indicated by: 1) less visual damage/mortality; 2) lower ion-leakage; and 3) less oxidative-injury, lower abundance of free radicals (O2•− and H2O2). Comparative leaf metabolic profiling revealed clear separation of metabolic phenotypes for control vs. AsA-fed leaves. Specifically, AsA-fed leaves had greater abundance of antioxidants (AsA, glutathione, alpha-& gamma-tocopherol) and compatible solutes (proline, galactinol, myo-inositol). AsA-fed leaves also had higher activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase). These changes, together, may improve FT via alleviating freeze-induced oxidative stress as well as protecting membranes from freeze-desiccation. Additionally, improved FT by AsA-feeding may potentially include enhanced cell wall/lignin augmentation and bolstered secondary metabolism as indicated by diminished level of phenylalanine and increased abundance of branched amino acids, respectively.

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Glycinebetaine alleviates the chromium toxicity in Brassica oleracea L. by suppressing oxidative stress and modulating the plant morphology and photosynthetic attributes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-019-06761-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 1101-1111 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rehan Ahmad ◽

Shafaqat Ali ◽

Muhammad Abid ◽

Muhammad Rizwan ◽

Basharat Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Plant Morphology ◽

Chromium Toxicity ◽

Brassica Oleracea L ◽

Photosynthetic Attributes

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Understanding the degradation of ascorbic acid and glutathione in relation to the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. italica cv. Bellstar) during storage and mechanical processing

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.126 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 138 (2-3) ◽

pp. 1360-1369 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Siva Raseetha ◽

Sze Ying Leong ◽

David John Burritt ◽

Indrawati Oey

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Mechanical Processing ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

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Effect of Glycine Betaine as a Growth Promoter and Stress Mitigator in Brassica oleraceavar. Italica

Journal La Lifesci ◽

10.37899/journallalifesci.v1i4.206 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

Sana Liaqat ◽

Ashir Masroor ◽

Filza Ghafoor ◽

Zunaira Maqsood ◽

Waseem Tasleem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Glycine Betaine ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Mineral Nutrient ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Sodium Calcium ◽

Nutrient Use

Glycine betaine performs a crucial role as an osmoprotectant and, also acts as a cytoplasmic osmotic solute specifically in the members of family Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae. Brassica oleracea var. Italica due to the presence of glucosinolates and various other chemicals, plays vital roles for humans. GB when applied to broccoli mitigate the stress effects and increase the shoot fresh and dry weight, shoot length, root dry weight, shoot calcium, potassium, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium, potassium, SOD, peroxidase, and total soluble proteins of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica). Implementation of GB also enhanced the performance of various parameters such as antioxidant photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, a/b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll), and mineral nutrient use efficiency, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium and catalase activity.

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Anthocyanin-rich red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) extract attenuates cardiac and hepatic oxidative stress in rats fed an atherogenic diet

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.5532 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (8) ◽

pp. 1688-1693 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Jayanta M Sankhari ◽

Menaka C Thounaojam ◽

Ravirajsinh N Jadeja ◽

Ranjitsinh V Devkar ◽

A V Ramachandran

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Atherogenic Diet ◽

Red Cabbage ◽

Hepatic Oxidative Stress ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

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Aplikasi Berbagai Konsentrasi Giberelin (GA3) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kailan (Brassica oleracea L.) pada Sistem Budidaya Hidroponik

Jurnal Hortikultura ◽

10.21082/jhort.v29n2.2019.p181-188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

NFN Riko ◽

Sitti Nurul Aini ◽

Euis Asriani

Keyword(s):

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Percentage Increase ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Cultivation System ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Hydroponic Cultivation ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

[Application of Various Concentrations of Gibberellin (GA3) on Kailan (Brassica oleracea L.) Growth with Hydroponic Cultivation System]Giberelin adalah zat pengatur tumbuh yang banyak digunakan untuk merangsang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada tanaman, termasuk pada tanaman kailan yang banyak dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh zat pengatur tumbuh giberelin dan konsentrasinya yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kailan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret - Mei 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Perikanan dan Biologi, Universitas Bangka Belitung. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan giberelin konsentrasi (0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm, dan 100 ppm) diulang empat kali. Pemberian giberelin dilakukan dengan cara perendaman benih sebelum tanam dan dilakukan penyemprotan pada tanaman kailan yang dilakukan dua kali dalam seminggu, dimulai 7 hari setelah tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan giberelin dengan konsentrasi 100 ppm memberikan hasil yang tinggi pada tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, luas daun, bobot segar tajuk, dan bobot kering tajuk, dengan persentase kenaikan produksi sebesar 50% dibandingkan kontrol.KeywordsKailan; Giberelin; HidroponikAbstractGibberellin are plant growth regulators that are widely used to stimulate plants growth and development, including widely consumed Brassica oleracea L. plants. The aims of study to determine the effect of gibberellin and its concentration on growth. The research was conducted in March until May 2019 at experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, Bangka Belitung University. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the treatment were concentrations of gibberellin (0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm, and 100 ppm) with four replication. Gibberelin applied by soaking the seeds before planting and spraying the plants twice a week starting 7 days after planting. The results showed that the application of 100 ppm gibberellins gives the best results on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, canopy fresh weight, and canopy dry weight, with a percentage increase in production by 50% compared to control.

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Effect of urea on lead absorption in corn (Zea mays L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

Agronomía Colombiana ◽

10.15446/agron.colomb.v38n2.85082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 205-217

Author(s):

Zelma Beatriz Peñafiel-Sandoval ◽

José Iannacone

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Spinacia Oleracea ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Leaf Structure ◽

Trophic Chain ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Spinacia Oleracea L ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

Agricultural intensification has led to an elevated use of pesticides and fertilizers such as urea, without considering the negative effects these products can cause, such as acidification of the soil and the entry of lead (Pb) into the trophic chain. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of urea on the absorption of lead (Pb) in the leaf structure of corn (Zea mays L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). These three plant species were exposed to five different concentrations of urea and a constant concentration of Pb in the form of Pb acetate for 93 days. The effect of urea and Pb was determined through analysis of the leaf structure. The results showed an increase in the dry weight of corn, whereas in spinach (T4) (1.5 g urea kg-1 of soil plus 0.5 g Pb kg-1 of soil) dry weight decreased as well as the fresh weight and foliar area. An increase in the chlorophyll index in corn, spinach, and cabbage was observed in the treatments with urea, and there was an influence on soil acidification. We also observed that spinach concentrated more Pb (T4) in its foliage at higher rates of N application. The idiosyncratic nature of the crop combined effects of Pb and N highlights the need for more research on this subject.

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Content of biologically active substances in seedlings of cabbage of the genus Brassica L.

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2021-1-96-104 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 96-104

Author(s):

O V. Ushakova ◽

A. V. Molchanova ◽

L. L. Bondareva

Keyword(s):

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Total Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Model Object ◽

Species Response ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

Relevance. Photosynthetic seedlings, as a model object, are interesting both in the study of nutritional value and the species response of a plant organism to the cultivation.Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the laboratory analytical department of the FSBSI FSVC. The material of the research was sprouts of Brassica chinensis L., cv. Vesnyanka; Brassica oleraceae L. var. italica Plenck, cv. Tonus; Brassica oleracea L. convar. acephala DC., cv. Malinovka; Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L., hybrid F1 Sonata and cv. Venskaya Belaya 1350; Brassica oleracea L. convar. capitata (L.) Alef. var. capitata L. f. rubra (L.) Thell., cv. Gako 741. The seeds of the 2018 harvest were germinated in filter paper cassettes using distilled water. The cassettes with seeds were placed in a thermostat under constant illumination and a temperature of 25°C. They have been germinated for 8 days, after which a biochemical analysis of the samples was carried out.Results. It was found out that the total content of water-soluble antioxidants in the studied of cabbage crops was in the range of concentrations from 3.58-4.57 mg-eq HA/g (wet weight). According to this indicator of 8-day-old seedlings, red cabbage variety Gako 741 was distinguished by the maximum values. The total content of antioxidants in the alcoholic extract ranged from 21.24 to 28.23 mg-eq HA/g (dry weight). The content of polyphenols – in the concentration range of 16.39-24.94 mg-eq of HA/g (dry weight). As a result of the research, direct correlations of the studied characteristics were revealed. A high correlation was shown between the content of water-soluble antioxidants and dry matter (r=0.72...0.98) and between the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls (r=0.98...0. 99).

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