scholarly journals Elemental Analysis and In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg from Călimani Mountains, Romania

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Violeta Popovici ◽  
Laura Bucur ◽  
Suzana Ioana Calcan ◽  
Elena Iulia Cucolea ◽  
Teodor Costache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Enterococcus Casseliflavus ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

This study aims to complete our research on Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg (U. barbata) from the Călimani Mountains, Romania, with an elemental analysis and to explore its antibacterial and antifungal potential. Thus, we analyzed twenty-three metals (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Al, Ag, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Ni, Tl, V, Mo, Pd, Pt, Sb, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in dried U. barbata lichen (dUB) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). For the second study, we performed dried lichen extraction with five different solvents (ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water), obtaining five U. barbata dry extracts (UBDE). Then, using an adapted disc diffusion method (DDM), we examined their antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial species—four Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and three Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)—and two fungi species (Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis). Usnic acid (UA) was used as a positive control. The ICP-MS data showed a considerable Ca content (979.766 µg/g), followed by, in decreasing order, Mg, Mn, Al, Fe, and Zn. Other elements had low levels: Ba, Cu, Pb, and Cr (3.782–1.002 µg/g); insignificant amounts (<1 µg/g) of Hg and V were also found in dUB. The trace elements Ag, As, Cd, Co, Li, Tl, Mo, Pd, Pt, and Sb were below detection limits (<0.1 µg/g). The DDM results—expressed as the size (mm) of the inhibition zone diameter (IZs)—proved that the water extract did not have any inhibitory activity on any pathogens (IZs = 0 mm). Gram-positive bacteria displayed the most significant susceptibility to all other UBDE, with Enterococcus casseliflavus showing the highest level (IZs = 20–22 mm). The most susceptible Gram-negative bacterium was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IZs = 16–20 mm); the others were insensitive to all U. barbata dry extracts (IZs = 0 mm). The inhibitory activity of UBDE and UA on Candida albicans was slightly higher than on Candida parapsilosis.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Novel Oxapenems, Alone and in Combination with Ceftazidime, against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Organisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2615-2618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor E. Jamieson ◽  
Peter A. Lambert ◽  
Iain N. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class C ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

ABSTRACT Four novel oxapenem compounds (i.e., AM-112, AM-113, AM-114, and AM-115) were investigated for their β-lactamase inhibitory activity against a panel of isolated class A, C, and D enzymes, which included expanded-spectrum β-lactamase enzymes (ESBLs). The oxapenems were potent β-lactamase inhibitors. Activity varied within the group, with AM-113 and AM-114 proving to be the most active compounds. The 50% inhibitory concentrations for these agents were up to 100,000-fold lower than that of clavulanic acid against class C and D enzymes. As a group, the oxapenems were more potent than clavulanic acid against enzymes from all classes. The ability of these compounds to protect ceftazidime from hydrolysis by β-lactamase-producing strains was evaluated by MIC tests that combined ceftazidime and each oxapenem in a 1:1 or 2:1 ratio. The oxapenems markedly reduced the MICs for ceftazidime against class C hyperproducing strains and strains producing TEM- and SHV-derived ESBLs. There was little difference between the activity of 1:1 and 2:1 combinations of ceftazidime and oxapenem. The oxapenems failed to enhance the activity of ceftazidime against derepressed AmpC-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Formulation, Preparation, Physico-chimical Analysis, Microbiological Peculiarities and Therapeutic Challenges of Extractive Solution of Kombucha

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia ◽  
Valeria Fasie ◽  
Nela Mardare ◽  
Camelia Diaconu ◽  
Gabriela Gurau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pharmaceutical Technology

This paper aimed at the preparation and characterisation of an extractive solution of Kombucha. We have applied the method of water extraction of a species of yeast, Kombucha, grown and proliferated in the pharmaceutical technology laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy at Dunarea de Jos University of Galati. Samples of various sugar concentrations have been prepared, as well as samples subject to concentration, thus obtaining extracts of up to 80% concentration. The extract obtained was analysed chemically and microbiologically. The main elements highlighted in the composition of the extractive solution were: iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium and potassium. The antimicrobial activity in strains: Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia Coli, fungi: Candida albicans.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Gardenia jasminoides Callus and Crude Leaf Extracts for some Organic Solvents against some Pathogenic Bacteria and Yeasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Zina Hashem Shehab ◽  
Huda Suhail Abid ◽  
Sumaya Fadhil Hamad ◽  
Sara Haitham
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides

The study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory activity of methanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides leaves compared with leaf crude extracts for some organic solvents namely Methanol, Ethanol, Petroleum ether, Asetone and Chloroform on growth of some pathogenic bacteria and yeast, which included four gram positive isolates Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes and Bacillus cereus and gram negative isolates Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some yeasts Candida albicans and Saccharomyces boulardii, by using well diffusion method. The inhibitory activity of extracts in the tested bacterial strains and yeasts was varied according to the type of extracting solvents and are tested microorganisms. The methanol callus extract which grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media by using (Naphthalen acitic acid) NAA and (Benzyle adenine) BA as growth regulator highly effective as compared to the other extracts as for inhibition of three gram positive bacteria and three gram negative bacteria,which include Staphylococcus aureus and, Proteus vulgaris, followed by acetone and ethanolic extracts which include two gram positive bacteria and two gram negative bacteria. All extracts had highly effect in growth of Candida albicans while all crude extracts didn’t show any sensitivity against Saccharomyces boulardii, and when we’d done (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) HPLC test for detection of some active compound we found Quinic acid, Iridiods glycosides and Crocin which its rate in fresh callus was higher than fresh leaves.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Macrocyclic Complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II) and VO(II) Derived fromo-Aminobenzaldehyde

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 481-486
Author(s):  
K. Anuradha ◽  
R. Rajavel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Molar Conductance ◽  
Macrocyclic Complexes ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Novel Cu(II),Ni(II) and VO(II) complexes are synthesized with N1,N4-bis(2-aminobenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (L). Complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV and EPR. Spectral studies reveals a square planner geomentry for Cu(II), Ni(II) complexes and square pyramidal for VO(II) complex. The ligand and its complexes were also evaluated against the growth of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effect of essential oils of some Fijian medicinal plant leaves on pathogenic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prayna P. P. Maharaj ◽  
Riteshma Devi ◽  
Surendra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Fiji is highly populated with plants containing essential oils (EO). The essential oils extracted from the leaves of the selected Fijian leafy plants were screened against two Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis). The agar diffusion method was used to examine the antimicrobial activities of the extracted EO. All the EO tested showed antibacterial properties against one or more strains while none of the EO was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Viburnum lantana (Wayfaring tree), Annona muricata (Soursop), Coleus amboinicus (Spanish thyme) and Cinnamomum zeylancium (Cinnamon) showed good inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and proved as worthy source of antimicrobial agent. These findings will help the Pacific population to use the studied plants leaves as antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Essential Oil of Daucus glaber Forssk

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed S. Mansour ◽  
Galal T. Maatooq ◽  
Ashraf T. Khalil ◽  
El-Sayed M. Marwan ◽  
Amal A. Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Terpene Alcohols ◽  
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons

The composition of the essential oil of the fruits, leaves and stems of Daucus glaber Forssk has been studied by GC/MS. It was found that, the essential oil of the fruits consists of monoterpene hydrocarbons (limonene and sylvestrene are the majors) and phenylpropanoids (elemicin is the major). Sylvestrene has never been reported before in the essential oil of any Daucus species. The study of the essential oil of the leaves revealed the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons; limonene and γ-terpinene are the majors and a small amount of sylvestrene. The essential oil of stems consists of monoterpene hydrocarbons (γ-terpinene is the major), terpene alcohols (mainly 4-terpineol) and phenylpropanoids (myristicin and elemicin are the majors). It is interesting that, the essential oil of the fruits is free from any oxygenated terpenes while that of the stems is free from limonene and sylvestrene which are present in the essential oil of the fruits and leaves in fairly large amounts. The essential oil of the fruits, leaves and stems shows broad antimicrobial activities against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. In addition, the volatile oil of the stem, particularly, show activi­ties against Candida albicans (yeast). Also, the prepared oils have variable cytotoxic activities with LC50 21.52, 36.01 and 42.34 μrg/ml. respectively.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Chalcones and Pyrimidine-2-ones

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
A. K. Parekh ◽  
K. K. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
H Nmr

Some new chalcones have been prepared by Claisen-schmidt condensation of ketone and different aromatic aldehydes. These chalcones on condensation with urea in presence of acid gave Pyrimidine-2-ones. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and1H NMR spectral data. They have been screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria B. subtillis & S. aureus and Gram negative bacteria E. coli & S. typhi.

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