Mutation of Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase6 Impairs Plant Growth and Phytic Acid Synthesis in Rice

Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase (ITPK) is encoded by six genes in rice (OsITPK1-6). A previous study had shown that nucleotide substitutions of OsITPK6 could significantly lower the phytic acid content in rice grains. In the present study, the possibility of establishing a genome editing-based method for breeding low-phytic acid cultivars in rice was explored, in conjunction with the functional determination of OsITPK6. Four OsITPK6 mutant lines were generated by targeted mutagenesis of the gene’s first exon using the CRISPR/Cas9 method, one (ositpk6_1) with a 6-bp in-frame deletion, and other three with frameshift mutations (ositpk6_2, _3, and _4). The frameshift mutations severely impaired plant growth and reproduction, while the effect of ositpk6_1 was relatively limited. The mutant lines ositpk6_1 and _2 had significantly lower levels (−10.1% and −32.1%) of phytic acid and higher levels (4.12- and 5.18-fold) of inorganic phosphorus compared with the wild-type (WT) line. The line ositpk6_1 also showed less tolerance to osmotic stresses. Our research demonstrates that mutations of OsITPK6, while effectively reducing phytic acid biosynthesis in rice grain, could significantly impair plant growth and reproduction.

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Difference in phytic acid content and phytase activity between spring wheat variety and new mutant lines

Eurasian Journal of Ecology ◽

10.26577/eje.2020.v64.i3.05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

Author(s):

S. S. Kenzhebayeva ◽

A.A. Alnurova , ◽

Zh.Ch. Tlendieva ◽

A . Abekova ◽

K . Miatzhanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Acid Content ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Phytase Activity ◽

Phytic Acid Content ◽

Mutant Lines ◽

Spring Wheat Variety

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Genotypic Differences in the Effect of P Fertilization on Phytic Acid Content in Rice Grain

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9020146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayaka Fukushima ◽

Ishara Perera ◽

Koki Hosoya ◽

Tatsuki Akabane ◽

Naoki Hirotsu

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Phytic Acid ◽

Xylem Sap ◽

Genotypic Difference ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Rice Grain ◽

P Fertilization ◽

Phytic Acid Content ◽

Inorganic P ◽

P Content

Phytic acid (PA) prevents the absorption of minerals in the human intestine, and it is regarded as an antinutrient. Low PA rice is beneficial because of its higher Zn bioavailability and it is suggested that the gene expression level of myo-inositol 3-phosphate synthase 1 (INO1) in developing grain is a key factor to explain the genotypic difference in PA accumulation among natural variants of rice. P fertilization is also considered to affect the PA content, but it is not clear how it affects INO1 gene expression and the PA content in different genotypes. Here, we investigated the effect of P fertilization on the PA content in two contrasting rice genotypes, with low and high PA accumulation, respectively. Based on the results of the analysis of the PA content, inorganic P content, INO1 gene expression, and xylem sap inorganic P content, we concluded that the effect of P fertilization on PA accumulation in grain differed with the genotype, and it was regulated by multiple mechanisms.

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Combination of High Zn Density and Low Phytic Acid for Improving Zn Bioavailability in Rice (Oryza stavia L.) Grain

Rice ◽

10.1186/s12284-021-00465-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yin Wang ◽

Yusha Meng ◽

Yanping Ma ◽

Lei Liu ◽

Dianxing Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Double Mutant ◽

Cell Model ◽

Brown Rice ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Zn Deficiency ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Phytic Acid Content ◽

Low Phytic Acid ◽

Zn Bioavailability

Abstract Background Zn deficiency is one of the leading public health problems in the world. Staple food crop, such as rice, cannot provide enough Zn to meet the daily dietary requirement because Zn in grain would chelate with phytic acid, which resulted in low Zn bioavailability. Breeding new rice varieties with high Zn bioavailability will be an effective, economic and sustainable strategy to alleviate human Zn deficiency. Results The high Zn density mutant LLZ was crossed with the low phytic acid mutant Os-lpa-XS110–1, and the contents of Zn and phytic acid in the brown rice were determined for the resulting progenies grown at different sites. Among the hybrid progenies, the double mutant always displayed significantly higher Zn content and lower phytic acid content in grain, leading to the lowest molar ratio of phytic acid to Zn under all environments. As assessed by in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model, the double mutant contained the relatively high content of bioavailable Zn in brown rice. Conclusions Our findings suggested pyramiding breeding by a combination of high Zn density and low phytic acid is a practical and useful approach to improve Zn bioavailability in rice grain.

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Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Electron Beam and Gamma Ray Induced Mutants for Superior Battering Quality Trait and MYMV in Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.)]

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4583 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

C. Vanniarajan ◽

R. Chandirakala ◽

J. Souframanien

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽

Phytic Acid Content ◽

Volume Analysis ◽

Mutant Lines

Background: A systematic investigation of the induced mutagenesis in Urdbean was attempted with cultivars viz., MDU 1 and VBN (Bg) 4 to generate superior battering quality varieties. Induced mutation is proven as an applicable breeding method to build variation in plant materials. In this study, 40 Urdbean genotypes including thirty eight mutants of two promising Urdbean varieties namely MDU1 and VBN (Bg) 4 and two parental genotypes were involved for quality analysis. One of the most dangerous diseases in legumes is Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV). In legume, this virus causes enormous losses in the areas of Urdbean cultivation. The prevailing varieties are partially resistant to this virus. Hence, the paramount approach to control this disease is breeding for resistance or tolerance to this disease. There is a necessity of searching the sources of disease resistance. In this study, screening of the mutants was conducted to make out the source of resistance to this disease.Methods: The nutritional characters viz., albumin, globulin and total soluble protein along with biochemical analysis of battering quality through Arabinose estimation were analyzed to find out the quality characters of the mutants. Batter volume analysis from idli batter was conducted conducted. Scoring of disease severity was done for all the plants on 50th day on the basis of visual scoring. The disease was scored on a 1-9 arbitrary scale. For biochemical characterization for this disease estimation of total phenol content, total sugars and phytic acid was executed.Result: Based on the general performance of albumin content, globulin content, total soluble protein, arabinose content, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant, the mutant lines viz., ACM-014-021, ACM-015-015, ACM-15-023, ACM-015-013, ACM-015-003, ACM-015-030, ACM-014-006, ACM-014-007 were recognized as the best. Hence these mutant lines could be exploited directly in the breeding programme to develop superior battering quality Urdbean varieties. Based on over all mean performance of important batter volume characters viz., initial batter volume analysis, final batter volume, improved batter volume, arabinose content and single plant yield the mutant lines ACM-15-015, ACM-015-030, ACM-015-003, ACM-015-023 were identified to be superior in terms of yield, arabinose content and batter volume. The mutant lines viz., ACM-014-021, ACM-015-025, ACM-014-006, ACM-015-022, ACM -015-023, ACM-014-019, ACM-014-007, ACM-015-017, ACM-014- 003 and VBN (Bg) 4 were recognized as resistant to MYMV. These lines had higher total phenol, phytic acid content and less total sugar content in the leaves when compared with the highly susceptible mutant lines. The present study indicated that phytic acid content recorded highly significant positive correlation with total phenol. Based on the per se performance for all the characters studied viz., seed batter analysis, seed volume analysis and MYMV scoring, the mutant lines viz., ACM-014-021, ACM-015-23, ACM-015-030, were judged as the best and could be exploited directly or in breeding experiments for improving yield along with batter quality.

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Manipulating the Phytic Acid Content of Rice Grain Toward Improving Micronutrient Bioavailability

Rice ◽

10.1186/s12284-018-0200-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Ishara Perera ◽

Saman Seneweera ◽

Naoki Hirotsu

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Phytic Acid Content

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An Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-Pentakisphosphate 2-Kinase 1 Mutant with a 33-nt Deletion Showed Enhanced Tolerance to Salt and Drought Stress in Rice

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Meng Jiang ◽

Yanhua Liu ◽

Ruiqing Li ◽

Shan Li ◽

Yuanyuan Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Inositol Triphosphate ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Wild Type ◽

Low Phytic Acid ◽

Stress Response Genes ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Salt And Drought Stress ◽

Mutant Lines

OsIPK1 encodes inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase, which catalyzes the conversion of myo-inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate to myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (IP6) in rice. By clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas9)-mediated mutagenesis in the 3rd exon of the gene, three OsIPK1 mutations, i.e., osipk1_1 (a 33-nt deletion), osipk1_2 (a 1-nt deletion), and osipk1_3 (a 2-nt deletion) were identified in T0 plants of the rice line Xidao #1 (wild type, WT). A transfer DNA free line with the homozygous osipk1_1 mutation was developed; however, no homozygous mutant lines could be developed for the other two mutations. The comparative assay showed that the osipk1_1 mutant line had a significantly lower level of phytic acid (PA, IP6; −19.5%) in rice grain and agronomic traits comparable to the WT. However, the osipk1_1 mutant was more tolerant to salt and drought stresses than the WT, with significantly lower levels of inositol triphosphate (IP3), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced IP6, and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes in seedlings subjected to these stresses. Further analyses showed that the transcription of stress response genes was significantly upregulated in the osipk1_1 mutant under stress. Thus, the low phytic acid mutant osipk1_1 should have potential applications in rice breeding and production.

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Effect of rice variety and blending proportion on the proximate compositions, minerals and phytic acid contents of bread from rice-teff blend

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.6201.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Sintayehu Legesse ◽

Solomon Worku ◽

Geremew Bultosa

Keyword(s):

Phytic Acid ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Eragrostis Tef ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Potential Health ◽

Phytic Acid Content ◽

Custom Design ◽

Optimal Value

Development of bakery products containing rice (Oryza sativa, Linn.) and teff (Eragrostis tef) could have potential health benefits due to their gluten free nature. Nine experimental runs were generated using custom design by JMP 8 software. The effect of two factors, rice variety (Edeget, X-jigna and Nerica-4) and blending proportions of rice and teff (0.5:0.5, 0.7:0.3 and 0.9:0.1) were studied. The data analysis was conducted using SAS software package for the mean comparison and custom design by JMP 8 software. Response surface methodology was applied to study the interaction effect of the main factors and to generate the predictive equations. An optimal value (1.60%) of fiber was obtained when the proportion of the blend was 50% Edeget and 50% teff because teff grain is high in fiber. A maximum value (10.75%) of protein was obtained when the proportion of the blend was 70% Nerica-4 and 30% teff. Carbohydrate was optimal (81.37%) when 90% Edeget and 10% teff were blended because rice grain is high in carbohydrate. Optimal iron content (12.97 mg/100g) was obtained when the proportion of the blend was 50% Nerica-4 and 50% teff because teff grain is high in iron. Optimal zinc content (4.14 mg/100g) was obtained when the proportion of the blend was 50% X-jigna and 50% teff. The optimal value (61.25 mg/100g) of calcium was obtained when the proportion of the blend was 50% Edeget and 50% teff. Optimum (lower) value (0.31mg/g) of phytic acid was obtained when the proportion of the blend was 90% Nerica-4 and 10% teff because rice grain is lower in phytic acid content. It was concluded that rice variety and rice-teff blending proportion had a significant effect on the physico-chemical properties of rice-teff blend bread. An optimal nutrient blend (high in nutrients, low in anti-nutrients) was obtained when 70% Edeget rice variety was blended with 30% teff. All the derived mathematical models for the various responses were found to fit significantly to the predicted data.

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