scholarly journals Transcrystallization of Isotactic Polypropylene/Bacterial Cellulose Hamburger Composite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Fu-hua Lin ◽  
Xiang-yang Li ◽  
Xu-ran Ji ◽  
Si-xiao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is a commonly used thermoplastic polymer with many excellent properties. But high brittleness, especially at low temperatures, limits the use of iPP. The presence of transcrystallization of iPP makes it possible for fiber-reinforced iPP composites with higher strength. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a kind of cellulose with great potential to be used as a new filler to reinforce iPP due to its high crystallinity, biodegradability and efficient mechanical properties. In this study, the iPP/BC hamburger composite was prepared by a simple hot press and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used to improve the interface compatibility of iPP and BC. The polarizing microscope (POM) photograph shows that BC successfully induces the transcrystallization of iPP. The differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) date proves that the addition of BC could improve the thermal properties and crystallization rate of the composite. Especially, this change is more obvious of the iPP/MAPP/BC. The mechanical properties of the iPP/BC composites were greatly increased. This DSC date is higher than BC; we used BC particles to enhance the iPP in our previous research. The scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis intuitively shows that the interface of the iPP/MAPP/BC is more smooth and flat than the iPP/BC. The fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis of the iPP/BC hamburger composites was shown that a new C=O group vibration appeared at 1743 cm−1, which indicated that the hydrogen bond structure of BC molecules was weakened and some hydroxyl groups were substituted after modification which can increase the lipophilicity of BC. These results indicated that the BC fiber can easily induce the transcrystallization of iPP, which has excellent mechanical properties. Moreover, the addition of MAPP contributes greatly to the interface compatibility of iPP and BC.

Impact of Chemical Modification on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Tropical Wood Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Sinin Hamdan ◽  
M. Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
D Values ◽  
Benzene Diazonium

Five types of selected tropical light hardwoods were chemically modified with benzene diazonium salt to improve their physical and mechanical properties. Benzene diazonium salt underwent a coupling reaction with wood which was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. The compressive modulus of the treated wood increased, whereas modulus of rupture was shown to decrease on treatment. The modified wood samples had higher hardness (Shore D) values compared to that of the control ones.

scholarly journals Effect of Intercalation Structure of Organo-Modified Montmorillonite/Polylactic Acid on Wheat Straw Fiber/Polylactic Acid Composites

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiqi Fan ◽  
Guangping Han ◽  
Wanli Cheng ◽  
Huafeng Tian ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Interlayer Spacing ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

In this work, an easy way to prepare the polylactic acid (PLA)/wheat straw fiber (WSF) composite was proposed. The method involved uses either the dopamine-treated WSF or the two-step montmorillonite (MMT)-modified WSF as the filler material. In order to achieve the dispersibility and exfoliation of MMT, it was modified by 12-aminododecanoic acid using a two-step route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterize the modified MMT and the coated WSF. As for the properties of PLA/WSF composites, some thermal (using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis) and mechanical properties (flexural, tensile, and impact) were analyzed. The results showed that the dopamine was successfully coated onto the WSF. Furthermore, Na-MMT was successfully transformed to organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) and formed an exfoliated structure. In addition, a better dispersion of MMT was obtained using the two-step treatment. The interlayer spacing of modified MMT was 4.06 nm, which was 123% higher than that of the unmodified MMT. Additionally, FT-IR analysis suggested that OMMT diffused into the PLA matrix. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that a higher thermal stability of PLA/WSF composites was obtained for the modified MMT and dopamine. The results also showed that both the dopamine treated WSF and the two-step-treated MMT exhibited a positive influence on the mechanical properties of PLA/WSF composites, especially on the tensile strength, which increased by 367% compared to the unmodified precursors. This route offers researchers a potential scheme to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA/WSF composites in a low-cost way.

scholarly journals Roles of Novel Reactive Cationic Copolymers of 3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropylmethyldiallylammonium Chloride and Dimethyldiallylammonium Chloride in Fixing Anionic Dyes on Cotton Fabric

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yikai Yu ◽  
Yuejun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Water Color ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Ether Linkage ◽  
Cotton Sample ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cationic Copolymers

The roles of novel reactive cationic copolymers (P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s) of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylmethyldiallylammonium chloride (CMDA) and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) in fixing anionic dyes on cotton fabric were studied by modern instrumental analysis technologies such as FT-IR spectra and SEM analysis, to achieve the new theoretical guides for the wide applications of those dye fixatives. The FT-IR spectra of the obtained insoluble-water color lakes verified that they could be formed from the electrostatic interactions of the P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s with anionic dyes, which were further confirmed by the FT-IR analysis of the anionic dyes on dyeing cotton sample fixed by P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s. The FT-IR spectra of cotton samples fixed by P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s showed the absorptions of P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s and the signs similar to the formation of new ether linkage on cotton fabric even after being repeatedly washed, which were further confirmed by the SEM analysis of the fixed dyeing cotton samples. Thus, the reactive units (CMDA) of the obtained P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s could be expected to bring about the covalent bonds with the hydroxyl groups of cotton (cellulose) to form an ether linkage when fixing, resulting in the stronger interactions of P(CMDA-DMDAAC)s with cotton fabric, as well as their electrostatic forces with anionic dyes to produce the insoluble-water color lakes, for the development of fastness of anionic dyes on cotton fabric.

Preparation and Properties Study on the Composites of Polypropylene and Polyphenylene Sulfide Filled by Modified Molybdenum Disulfide

2009 ◽  
Vol 87-88 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Jian Qiang Zhang ◽  
Hui Xia Feng ◽  
Jian Hui Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Molybdenum Disulfide ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Wear Modes

The wet surface modification process were used in this work to get the well lipophilic molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) powders and the modified MoS2 were filled into the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polypropylene (PP) powders with different proportions to make polymeric based composites through hot-press molding equipment. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) analysis showed that the modification agents of stearic acid (SA), orγ-Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane(KH570 or A-174), could react with the adsorption hydroxyl(−OH) of the MoS2 powders and finally form chemical coatings, the SA could form a layer of physics wrap too. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveled that the SA or KH570 could not change the laminated structure of MoS2. The wearability testing showed that the composites filled by modified MoS2 owned the better wearable performances than the filled not one. From minimum to maximum, the wear mass rates of SA/MoS2/PP/PPS, KH570/MoS2/PP/PPS, PP/PPS were 0.7216, 5.4187 and 7.3198 percent in turns. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) analysis showed the surface modification could uniformize the modified MoS2 to disperse in the polymeric based composites, and also reflect the abrasion mechanism which the particles and the adhering wear modes could all make the mass loss of the testing samples and they coexisted and could transform each other, the former would produce higher loss rates than the later and their leader status would gradually change from the particles wear to the adhering wear during the course of wearing-resisting tests.

Analysis on Products and Residues of Liquefaction of Wheat Straw & Polyester in Supercritical Ethanol

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Zhu Long ◽  
Yu Feng Long ◽  
Jun Jun He ◽  
Hai Bo Deng
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Supercritical Conditions ◽  
Powder Surface ◽  
Phenol Derivatives ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Supercritical Ethanol ◽  
Liquefaction Process

The mixture of wheat straw (WS) and polyester (PC) was liquefied in supercritical ethanol. Liquefied products produced and liquefied residue from the liquefaction under different supercritical conditions were analyzed by GC-MS, SEM and IR. GC-MS analysis of the liquefied products indicates that ethanol would decompose. And the most compounds in the liquefied product had the structure of phenol and phenol derivatives, which came from the degradation products of PC and WS. SEM analysis show that the wheat straw powder possessed larger particles with smooth surfaces while the residue from liquefaction had smaller particles with rough surfaces because of drastically degraded from the wheat straw powder surface under supercritical conditions. FT-IR analysis showed that the lignin was easily degraded during the liquefaction process, and also found to the cellulose is very difficult to liquefy for its crystalline structure.

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF KANTALAUHA BHASMA BY TWO DIFFERENT METHODS AND ITS SINDOORA NIRMANA: A COMPARATIVE PHARMACEUTICO-ANALYTICAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Sanoop K ◽  
B Vinayachandra Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Absorption Peak ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Modern Analytical

According to Rasa Ratna Samucchaya, Kantalauha is considered as the best variety among Lauhas for Lauha Bhasma compared with Tikshna and Munda Lauha. The present study deals with the “Preparation of Kantalauha bhasma by two different methods and its Sindoora Nirmana- A Comparative Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study. Two different Kantalauha Bhasma and their Kanta Sindoora were prepared as per classical reference and the samples were subjected to Classical and Modern Analytical Parameters, XRD, EDX, SEM, FT-IR, and NPST. Pharmaceutically Kantalauha Bhasma 1 has attained Bhasma Siddhi Lakshanas in 16 Putas and Kantalauha Bhasma 2 in 3 Putas. Both the samples of Kanta Sindoora attained Sindoora Varna by 3 Putas. SEM analysis showed that Kantalauha Bhasma 1 and Kanta Sindoora 1 attained the smallest particle size. XRD showed the presence of compound Fe2O3 in all the samples. EDAX confirmed the presence of Fe, O2, Mg, Al, Si, S, K and Ca. The FT-IR analysis of all the samples shows the presence of 10 Absorption Peak frequencies cm-1. NPST proved the fineness and proper formation of Bhasma samples. Among the two different methods of Kantalauha Bhasma preparation, the 1st method is found better in yield wise and cost-wise. The second method saved the time as it attained Bhasma Siddhi Lakshanas within 3 puts. In the case of Kanta Sindoora, yield wise both the samples were found almost the same.

scholarly journals Influence of Commercial Biochar Fillers on Brittleness/Ductility of Epoxy Resin Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Bartoli ◽  
Mauro Giorcelli ◽  
Carlo Rosso ◽  
Massimo Rovere ◽  
Pravin Jagdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Neat Resin ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Epoxy Resin Composites ◽  
Selective Enhancement ◽  
The Relationship

Production of versatile composites is a very attractive field. Carbon containing epoxy resins are one of the most relevant reinforced plastics used for a wide number of applications. In this research, we studied the influence of five different commercial biochar samples for the selective enhancement of brittleness and ductility of an epoxy based composite. We proved the relationship between biochar morphology and composites mechanical properties with the aid of FT-IR and FE-SEM analysis. We were able to improve the neat resin mechanical properties by doubling its Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength using a wheat straw derived material, and to increase its elongation by 40%, we used a Miscanthus derived biochar.

scholarly journals Study on non-isothermal crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene/bacterial cellulose composites

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (67) ◽  
pp. 42113-42122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Hai-Rong Zhang ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Lian Xiong ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Isothermal Crystallization ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
High Crystallinity ◽  
Cellulose Composites

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has great potential to be used as a new filler in reinforced isotactic polypropylene (iPP) due to its characteristics of high crystallinity, biodegradability and efficient mechanical properties.

Characterization and Properties of Cellulose Oleate

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1306-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yuan Huang ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Xiao Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Homogeneous System ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Fitting Method ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Curve Fitting Method

Cellulose Oleate (CO) was synthesized by acylating cellulose in homogeneous system with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (Tos-Cl) and oleic acid. The structure of CO was characterized by FT-IR, and degree of substitution (DS) of CO was determined by saponification method. Substituent distribution analysis was carried out with curve-fitting method, and the results indicated that acyl reaction of cellulose with oleic acid preferred to react at primary hydroxyl groups. The CO converted into films by casting. The mechanical properties of CO films were investigated. With the increase of DS, the tensile strength decreases gradually, but the tensile strain increases apparently.

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