Photocrosslinkable Nanofibrous Asymmetric Membrane Designed for Wound Dressing

Recently, the biomedical scientists who are working in the skin regeneration area have proposed asymmetric membranes as ideal wound dressings, since they are able to reproduce both layers of skin and improve the healing process as well as make it less painful. Herein, an electrospinning technique was used to produce new asymmetric membranes. The protective layer was composed of a blending solution between polycaprolactone and polylactic acid, whereas the underlying layer was comprised of methacrylated gelatin and chitosan. The chemical/physical properties, the in vitro hemo- and biocompatibility of the nanofibrous membranes were evaluated. The results obtained reveal that the produced membranes exhibited a wettability able to provide a moist environment at wound site. Moreover, the membranes’ hemocompatibility and fibroblast cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation at the surface of the membranes were also noticed in the in vitro assays. Such results highlight the suitability of these asymmetric membranes for wound dressing applications.

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Composite Wound Dressing Based on Chitin/Chitosan Nanofibers: Processing and Biomedical Applications

Cosmetics ◽

10.3390/cosmetics6010016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Anton Shabunin ◽

Vladimir Yudin ◽

Irina Dobrovolskaya ◽

Evgeny Zinovyev ◽

Viktor Zubov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Dressing ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Healing Process ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Scar Tissue ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Control Group ◽

Wound Healing Process ◽

Electrospinning Technique

An electrospinning technique was used for the preparation of a bilayered wound dressing consisting of a layer of aliphatic copolyamide nanofibers and a layer of composite nanofibers from chitosan and chitin nanofibrils filler. Processed dressings were compared with aliphatic copolyamide nanofiber-based wound dressings and control groups. Experimental studies (in vivo treatment of third-degree burns with this dressing) demonstrated that almost complete (up to 97.8%) epithelialization of the wound surface had been achieved within 28 days. Planimetric assessment demonstrated a significant acceleration of the wound healing process. Histological analysis of scar tissue indicated the presence of a significant number of microvessels and a low number of infiltrate cells. In the target group, there were no deaths or purulent complications, whereas in the control group these occurred in 25% and 59.7% of cases, respectively—and, in the copolyamide group, 0% and 11%, respectively. The obtained data show the high efficiency of application of the developed composite chitosan‒copolyamide wound dressings for the treatment of burn wounds.

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Chelidoniummajus L. Incorporated Emulsion Electrospun PCL/PVA_PEC Nanofibrous Meshes for Antibacterial Wound Dressing Applications

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11071785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1785

Author(s):

Cláudia Mouro ◽

Ana P. Gomes ◽

Merja Ahonen ◽

Raul Fangueiro ◽

Isabel C. Gouveia

Keyword(s):

Wound Dressing ◽

Healing Process ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Electrospun Nanofibers ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Log Reduction ◽

Normal Human ◽

First Time

Presently, there are many different types of wound dressings available on the market. Nonetheless, there is still a great interest to improve the performance and efficiency of these materials. Concerning that, new dressing materials containing natural products, such as medicinal plants that protect the wound from infections but also enhance skin regeneration have been or are being developed. Herein, we used for the first time a needleless emulsion electrospinning technique for incorporating Chelidoniummajus L. (C. majus), a medicinal plant widely known for its traditional therapeutic properties, in Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)_Pectin (PEC) nanofibrous meshes. Moreover, the potential use of these electrospun nanofibers as a carrier for C. majus was also explored. The results obtained revealed that the produced PCL/PVA_PEC nanofibrous meshes containing C. majus extract displayed morphological characteristics similar to the natural extracellular matrix of the skin (ECM). Furthermore, the produced meshes showed beneficial properties to support the healing process. Additionally, the C. majus-loaded PCL/PVA_PEC nanofibrous meshes inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) growth, reaching a 3.82 Log reduction, and showed to be useful for controlled release, without causing any cytotoxic effect on the normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cells. Hence, these findings suggest the promising suitability of this novel wound dressing material for prevention and treatment of bacterial wound infections.

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Evaluation of a novel bioactive wound dressing: an in vitro and in vivo study

Journal of Wound Care ◽

10.12968/jowc.2021.30.6.482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 482-490

Author(s):

Fahimeh Farshi Azhar ◽

Paria Rostamzadeh ◽

Monireh Khordadmehr ◽

Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Healing Process ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Bilayer Film ◽

Wound Healing Process ◽

Tissue Contraction ◽

Experimental Rat Model

Objective: Hard-to-heal wounds, such as pressure ulcers and diabetic ulcers, are a major challenge for wound dressings. The aim of this study was to develop a bioactive dressing based on polymers and natural materials with unique biological and therapeutic properties. Method: The dressing was composed of an active layer containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), honey, curcumin and keratin, and an upper layer with lower hydrophilicity comprising PVA to induce flexibility. Physicochemical properties of the dressing were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, swelling behaviour and antibacterial measurements. A wound healing study was performed using an experimental rat model and two different compositions of the bioactive dressing were compared with a commercial wound dressing (Comfeel, Coloplast, Denmark). Histopathological evaluation was conducted for this purpose. Results: Characterisation results showed that a smooth bilayer film with two homogenous but distinct layers was produced. The dressing also provided adequate moisture to the wound environment without infection and adhesion due to dryness occurring. Our results exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and improved the wound healing process without any scarring. Histopathological findings demonstrated a significant higher healing rate in vivo together with well-formed epidermis, granulation tissue formation and tissue contraction, when compared with the commercial wound dressing. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated acceptable physical and healing effects for the novel bioactive wound dressing; however, more investigations are recommended.

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Co-electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) extract as the wound dressing materials: in vitro and in vivo study

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-021-03284-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Saeid Salami ◽

Gholamreza Bahrami ◽

Elham Arkan ◽

Zhila Izadi ◽

Shahram Miraghaee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Dressing ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Healing Process ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Vapor Permeability ◽

Dressing Materials ◽

Wound Dressing Materials

Abstract Background Interactive dressings are innovatively designed to interact with the wound surface and alter the wound environment to promote wound healing. In the current study, we integrated the physicochemical properties of Poly (caprolactone)/ Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Collagen (PCL/PVA/Col) nanofibers with the biological activities of Momordica charantia pulp extract to develop an efficient wound dressing. The electrospinning method was applied to fabricate the nanofibers, and the prepared wound dressings were thoroughly characterized. Results SEM imaging showed that the nanofibers were uniform, straight, without any beds with a diameter in the range of 260 to 480 nm. Increasing the concentration of the extract increased the diameter of the nanofibers and also the wettability characteristics while reduced the ultimate tensile strength from 4.37 ± 0.90 MPa for PCL/PVA/Col to 1.62 ± 0.50 MPa for PCL/PVA/Col/Ex 10% (p < 0.05). The in vivo studies showed that the application of the wound dressings significantly enhanced the healing process and the highest wound closure, 94.01 ± 8.12%, was obtained by PCL/PVA/Col/Ex 10% nanofibers (p < 0.05). Conclusion The incorporation of the extract had no significant effects on nanofibers’ porosity, water vapor permeability, and swelling characteristics. The in vitro evaluations showed that the fabricated nanofibers were hemocompatible, cytocompatible, and prevent bacterial penetration through the dressing. These findings implied that the PCL/PVA/Col/Ex nanofibers can be applied as the wound dressing materials.

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In vitro activity of pomegranate peel extract alone and in electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate matrix

Journal Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research ◽

10.19277/bbr.17.2.239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Sanderson Vieira Batista ◽

Thais Martins da Silva ◽

Sthefany Brito Salomão ◽

Kamila Arêas Bastos ◽

Sarah Oliveira Lamas de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Dressing ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Pomegranate Peel ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽

Peel Extract

Wound dressings can support healing by acting as physical barriers and drug delivery systems. The present study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of films containing pomegranate peel extract at 1.25% w/w prepared by the electrospinning technique for use as wound dressing. The extract was subjected to an in vitro cytotoxicity assay using fibroblasts. The formation of fibers was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. Biocompatibility was analyzed by determining the hemolysis index, while the susceptibility of bacterial strains and a fungus was investigated using the disc diffusion method. The extract proved to be nontoxic with cell proliferation occurring at a concentration > 30 µg·mL-1. Photomicrograph images confirmed the formation of nanofibers. Films without or with the extract showed good hemocompatibility. The antimicrobial activity of films loaded with extract was demonstrated by the formation of zones of inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans, suggesting that the release of the extract in the medium occurred at an adequate concentration to inhibit the proliferation of microorganisms. No zone of inhibition was observed for Escherichia coli. These results suggest that the film produced by electrospinning containing 1.25% w/w of the extract might serve as a bioactive wound dressing.

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Development of Spanish Broom and Flax Dressings with Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Loaded Films for Wound Healing: Characterization and Evaluation of Biological Properties

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13081192 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1192

Author(s):

Angela Abruzzo ◽

Concettina Cappadone ◽

Valentina Sallustio ◽

Giovanna Picone ◽

Martina Rossi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Healing Process ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Sodium Hyaluronate ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Biological Studies

The selection of an appropriate dressing for each type of wound is a very important procedure for a faster and more accurate healing process. So, the aim of this study was to develop innovative Spanish Broom and flax wound dressings, as alternatives to cotton used as control, with polymeric films containing glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) to promote wound-exudate absorption and the healing process. The different wound dressings were prepared by a solvent casting method, and characterized in terms of drug loading, water uptake, and in vitro release. Moreover, biological studies were performed to evaluate their biocompatibility and wound-healing efficacy. Comparing the developed wound dressings, Spanish Broom dressings with GA-loaded sodium hyaluronate film had the best functional properties, in terms of hydration ability and GA release. Moreover, they showed a good biocompatibility, determining a moderate induction of cell proliferation and no cytotoxicity. In addition, the wound-healing test revealed that the Spanish Broom dressings promoted cell migration, further facilitating the closure of the wound.

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Keratin Scaffolds Containing Casomorphin Stimulate Macrophage Infiltration and Accelerate Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2554

Author(s):

Marek Konop ◽

Anna K. Laskowska ◽

Mateusz Rybka ◽

Ewa Kłodzińska ◽

Dorota Sulejczak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Healing Process ◽

Skin Wound ◽

Wound Healing Process ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Full Thickness ◽

Skin Wound Healing ◽

Impaired Wound Healing

Impaired wound healing is a major medical challenge, especially in diabetics. Over the centuries, the main goal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been to invent biomaterials that accelerate the wound healing process. In this context, keratin-derived biomaterial is a promising candidate due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, we evaluated an insoluble fraction of keratin containing casomorphin as a wound dressing in a full-thickness surgical skin wound model in mice (n = 20) with iatrogenically induced diabetes. Casomorphin, an opioid peptide with analgesic properties, was incorporated into keratin and shown to be slowly released from the dressing. An in vitro study showed that keratin-casomorphin dressing is biocompatible, non-toxic, and supports cell growth. In vivo experiments demonstrated that keratin-casomorphin dressing significantly (p < 0.05) accelerates the whole process of skin wound healing to the its final stage. Wounds covered with keratin-casomorphin dressing underwent reepithelization faster, ending up with a thicker epidermis than control wounds, as confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. This investigated dressing stimulated macrophages infiltration, which favors tissue remodeling and regeneration, unlike in the control wounds in which neutrophils predominated. Additionally, in dressed wounds, the number of microhemorrhages was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) as compared with control wounds. The dressing was naturally incorporated into regenerating tissue during the wound healing process. Applied keratin dressing favored reconstruction of more regular skin structure and assured better cosmetic outcome in terms of scar formation and appearance. Our results have shown that insoluble keratin wound dressing containing casomorphin supports skin wound healing in diabetic mice.

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Ozonized Water in Microbial Control: Analysis of the Stability, In Vitro Biocidal Potential, and Cytotoxicity

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10060525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

Laerte Marlon Conceição dos Santos ◽

Eduardo Santos da Silva ◽

Fabricia Oliveira Oliveira ◽

Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues ◽

Paulo Roberto Freitas Neves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Control ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Cell Wall Lysis ◽

Osmotic Stability ◽

Human Ear ◽

The Stability

O3 dissolved in water (or ozonized water) has been considered a potent antimicrobial agent, and this study aimed to test this through microbiological and in vitro assays. The stability of O3 was accessed following modifications of the physicochemical parameters of water, such as the temperature and pH, with or without buffering. Three concentrations of O3 (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 ppm) dissolved in water were tested against different microorganisms, and an analysis of the cytotoxic effects was also conducted using the human ear fibroblast cell line (Hfib). Under the physicochemical conditions of 4 °C and pH 5, O3 remained the most stable and concentrated compared to pH 7 and water at 25 °C. Exposure to ozonized water resulted in high mortality rates for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Scanning electron micrograph images indicate that the effects on osmotic stability due to cell wall lysis might be one of the killing mechanisms of ozonized water. The biocidal agent was biocompatible and presented no cytotoxic effect against Hfib cells. Therefore, due to its cytocompatibility and biocidal action, ozonized water can be considered a viable alternative for microbial control, being possible, for example, its use in disinfection processes.

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Preparation of biocompatible wound dressings with dual release of antibiotic and platelet-rich plasma for enhancing infected wound healing

Journal of Biomaterials Applications ◽

10.1177/0885328221996013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088532822199601

Author(s):

Linying Shi ◽

Fang Lin ◽

Mou Zhou ◽

Yanhui Li ◽

Wendan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Healing Process ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Gelatin Microspheres ◽

Infected Wounds ◽

Dual Release

The ever-growing threats of bacterial infection and chronic wound healing have provoked an urgent need for novel antibacterial wound dressings. In this study, we developed a wound dressing for the treatment of infected wounds, which can reduce the inflammatory period (through the use of gentamycin sulfate (GS)) and enhance the granulation stage (through the addition of platelet-rich plasma (PRP)). Herein, the sustained antimicrobial CMC/GMs@GS/PRP wound dressings were developed by using gelatin microspheres (GMs) loading GS and PRP, covalent bonding to carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC). The prepared dressings exhibited high water uptake capability, appropriate porosity, excellent mechanical properties, sustain release of PRP and GS. Meanwhile, the wound dressing showed good biocompatibility and excellent antibacterial ability against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, in vivo experiments further demonstrated that the prepared dressings could accelerate the healing process of E. coli and S. aureus-infected full-thickness wounds i n vivo, reepithelialization, collagen deposition and angiogenesis. In addition, the treatment of CMC/GMs@GS/PRP wound dressing could reduce bacterial count, inhibit pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), and enhance anti-inflammatory factors (TGF-β1). The findings of this study suggested that biocompatible wound dressings with dual release of GS and PRP have great potential in the treatment of chronic and infected wounds.

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Bi-layered Nanofibers Membrane Loaded with Titanium Oxide and Tetracycline as Controlled Drug Delivery System for Wound Dressing Applications

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11101602 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1602 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rezk ◽

Lee ◽

Son ◽

Park ◽

Kim

Keyword(s):

Titanium Oxide ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Cell Counting ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Burst Release ◽

Electrospinning Technique ◽

Cell Compatibility

: The aim of this study is to develop a novel functional bi-layered membrane loaded titanium oxide (TiO2) and tetracycline (TTC) for application in wound dressing. The advantages of the electrospinning technique have to be considered for the uniform distribution of nanoparticles and TTC drug. The as prepared nanofibers and TiO2 were characterized in terms of morphology, fiber diameter, mechanical properties and surface wettability. The in vitro drug release study revealed initial burst release followed by a sustained control release of TTC for 4 days. The in vitro antibacterial of the bi-layered nanofibers was conducted against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria species showing excellent antibacterial effect for drug loaded samples compared with PCL nanofibers. Subsequently, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to evaluate its biocompatibility in vitro. Our results revealed that the bi-layered membrane has better antibacterial and cell compatibility than the control fiber. This suggests that the fabricated biocompatible scaffold is appropriate for a variety of wound dressing applications.

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