scholarly journals Direct Joule Heating as a Means to Efficiently and Homogeneously Heat Thermoplastic Prepregs

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2959
Author(s):  
Jochen Wellekötter ◽  
Christian Bonten
Keyword(s):  
Joule Heating ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Heating Efficiency ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Uneven Heating ◽  
Heating Behavior

Although direct Joule heating is a known technique for heating carbon fiber reinforced plastics, it is a yet unexplored heating method for thermoplastic prepregs before back-injection molding. The knowledge obtained from resistance welding, for example, is not directly transferable because of considerably higher heated volumes and more complex shapes. In this study, the governing parameters and process limits are established for this method. The influences of the contacting, the materials used, and the size of the heated part are investigated with respect to the part temperature and heating efficiency. The findings show that the quality of heating is determined by the shape and size of the electrodes. Larger electrodes lead to a more homogeneous temperature distribution. Parts based on woven fabric can be heated more homogeneously because of the existence of intersections between rovings, generating contact between fibers. An increase in part width results in uneven heating behavior.

Machining quality of high speed helical milling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199673
Author(s):  
Adel Abidi ◽  
Sahbi Ben Salem ◽  
Mohamed Athmane Yallese
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Machining Quality ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics

Among advanced cutting methods, High Speed Milling (HSM) is often recommended to improve the productivity and to reduce the costs of machining parts. As every cutting process, HSM is characterized by some defects like surface roughness and delamination are the main defects generated in composite materials. The aim of this experimental work is the studying of the machining quality of woven Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) using the HSM technology. Experiments were done using different machining parameters combinations to make opened holes in CFRP laminates. This study investigated the effect of cutting speed, orbital feed speed, hole diameter on the delamination defect and surface roughness responses generated in the drilled holes. The design of experimental tests was generated using the approach of Central Composite Design (CCD). The characterization of these responses was treated with the Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that the surface roughness is highly affected by the orbital feed speed (F) with contribution of 22.45%. The delamination factor at entry and exit of holes is strongly influenced by the hole diameter D (25.97% and 57.43%) respectively. The developed model equations gave a good correlation between the empirical and predicted results. The optimization of the milling parameters was treated using desirability function to minimize the surface roughness (Ra) and the delamination factor simultaneously.

Performance of Tools Design when Helical Milling on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) Aluminum (Al) Stack

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 1075-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erween Abdul Rahim ◽  
Z. Mohid ◽  
M.R. Hamzah ◽  
A.F. Yusuf ◽  
N.A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Milling Process ◽  
Helical Milling ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
Hole Making ◽  
Milling Characteristics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics

Hole making process is not strictly to the drilling technique where others machining could also influence to the quality in CFRP hole.Therefore, helical milling process becomes as an alternative method to produces bore on CFRP plate thus minimizing the defects. The common defects on CFRP are delamination, splintering and cracking. Meanwhile, if the CFRP stacking together with aluminum plate, burr at exit hole of aluminium plate is produced. Therefore, it is essential to control the critical machining parameters to assure a good quality of the hole. The main objective of this project is to improve the hole quality of CFRP/AL stack in terms of surface roughness using helical milling technique. In addition the cutting force and temperature will be measured as well. There are three levels of cutting speeds; two levels of feed rate and depth per helical path are made accordingly to helical milling characteristics. It was found that all tool design exhibit comparable performance for helical milling process on CFRP/Al stack.

Microvia Formation for Multi-Layer PWB by Laser Direct Drilling: Improvement of Drilled Hole Quality of GFRP Plates

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Ogawa ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama ◽  
Tsukasa Ayuzawa
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Hole Quality ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Via Holes ◽  
Overhang Length ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Direct Drilling

Microvia formation technology using lasers has become the dominant method for drilling microvia that are called blind via-holes (BVHs) in printed wiring boards (PWBs). Laser direct drilling (LDD), which is direct drilling of the outer copper foil by laser, has attracted attention as a novel method. In particular, when copper and resin with different processing thresholds are simultaneously drilled, an overhang defect occurs on the drilled hole. On the other hand, aramid fiber reinforced plastics (AFRP) have been replaced by glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) as the material used for the build-up layer because of its cost performance. Moreover, the PWB quality of the particle incrustations around the drilled holes has problems in the manufacturing process. However, the LDD process of such a composite has not been clarified. Therefore, we investigated it by detailed observation using a high-speed camera. We estimated the overhang length using the finite element method (FEM) and experimentally and analytically evaluated the effects of filler contented build-up layers. As a result, we improved drilled-hole quality by using prototype PWBs made of GFRP with filler in the build-up layer.

Application Research on the New GFRP Members Based Modified Behavior Used in Building

2012 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 910-914
Author(s):  
Jing Huang ◽  
Zhuo Bin Wei ◽  
Yi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Inherent Strength ◽  
Materials Used

Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) is an immensely versatile material which combines lightweight with inherent strength. For the properties of sustainability, energy efficiency and reduction of CO2 of GFRP, they can be used in green building as a kind of the energy-efficient and environment-friendly material instead of the conventional materials. Based on the less elastic modulus and lower wave-transparent properties of glass fiber reinforced plastics for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR-FRP), a new kind of glass fiber reinforced plastics based modified unsaturated polyester (MUPR-FRP) was put forward. This paper presents material behavior and technical process of the new MUPR-FRP. For the modified property, the MUPR-FRP members may have the well superiority compare with the steel and the concrete materials used in strengthening engineering and special loading resistance.

scholarly journals Performance of 3D-Printed Continuous-Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics with Pressure

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Zude Zhou ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Yuegang Tan ◽  
Yiwen Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Continuous Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) has been investigated as a low-cost manufacturing method for fiber-reinforced composites. The traditional and mature technology for manufacturing continuous-carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics is Automated Fiber Placement (AFP), which uses a consolidation roller and an autoclave process to improve the quality of parts. Compared to AFP, FDM is simple in design and operation but lacks the ability to pressurize and heat the model. In this work, a novel method for printing continuous carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics with a pressure roller was investigated. First, the path processing of the pressure roller was researched, which will reduce the number of rotations of the pressure roller and increase the service life of the equipment and the efficiency of printing. Thereafter, three specimens were printed under different pressures and the tensile and bending strength of specimens were tested. The tensile strength and bending strength of specimens were enhanced to 644.8 MPa and 401.24 MPa by increasing the pressure, compared to the tensile strength and bending strength of specimens without pressure of 109.9 MPa and 163.13 MPa. However, excessive pressure will destroy the path of the continuous carbon fiber (CCF) and the surface quality of the model, and may even lead to printing failure.

Development of shape memory alloy-based adaptive fiber-reinforced plastics by means of open reed weaving technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 563-571
Author(s):  
Moniruddoza Ashir ◽  
Chokri Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Release Agent ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Weaving Technology ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics

The functionalization of fiber-reinforced plastics has been improved continuously in recent years in order to broaden their application potential. By using shape memory alloys in fiber-reinforced plastics, adaptive fiber-reinforced plastics can be developed, which in turn can change their shape depending on the activation of shape memory alloys. In order to ensure the proper force transmission from shape memory alloys to fiber-reinforced plastic, these shape memory alloys need to be integrated into the reinforcing fabric. Hence, this paper presents the application of open reed weaving technology for the development of functionalized preforms for adaptive fiber-reinforced plastics. For an optimized shape memory effect during their thermal induced activation, the shape memory alloys were coated with release agent and then integrated into the woven fabric by open reed weaving technology. The hinged width of functionalized preforms was varied from 50 mm to 150 mm. These preforms were infused by a thermosetting resin matrix system with a modifier. Subsequently, the electro-mechanical testing of adaptive fiber-reinforced plastics was executed. Results show that the maximum deformation of adaptive fiber-reinforced plastics was proportional to their hinged width.

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